{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2120447191","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2010.5683802","title":"RELMA: A Range Free Localization Approach Using Mobile Anchor Node for Wireless Sensor Networks","display_name":"RELMA: A Range Free Localization Approach Using Mobile Anchor Node for Wireless Sensor Networks","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2120447191","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2010.5683802","mag":"2120447191"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2010.5683802","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2010.5683802","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference GLOBECOM 2010","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033924647","display_name":"Lutful Karim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6800-4313"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79817857","display_name":"University of Guelph","ror":"https://ror.org/01r7awg59","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lutful Karim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing and Information Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ONT, Canada","Dept. of Comput. & Inf. Sci., Univ. of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing and Information Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. & Inf. Sci., Univ. of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091515770","display_name":"Nidal Nasser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9532-2074"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79817857","display_name":"University of Guelph","ror":"https://ror.org/01r7awg59","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nidal Nasser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing and Information Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ONT, Canada","Dept. of Comput. & Inf. Sci., Univ. of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing and Information Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. & Inf. Sci., Univ. of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072375968","display_name":"Tarek El Salti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1214-3187"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79817857","display_name":"University of Guelph","ror":"https://ror.org/01r7awg59","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tarek El Salti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing and Information Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ONT, Canada","Dept. of Comput. & Inf. Sci., Univ. of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing and Information Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. & Inf. Sci., Univ. of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033924647"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4432,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84130937,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.8439779877662659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.74040687084198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.7170981764793396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.6240684986114502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.6145593523979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.5873804092407227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.5258969664573669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-distribution-in-wireless-sensor-networks","display_name":"Key distribution in wireless sensor networks","score":0.5014016628265381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4772500991821289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.4668270945549011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-node","display_name":"Sensor node","score":0.4569530785083771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.45427852869033813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Mobile wireless sensor network","score":0.44509634375572205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.43147051334381104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2966638207435608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.2696312665939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14109548926353455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13879957795143127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.08409306406974792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.06656506657600403}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.8439779877662659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.74040687084198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.7170981764793396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.6240684986114502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.6145593523979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.5873804092407227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5258969664573669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41971633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398155","display_name":"Key distribution in wireless sensor networks","level":4,"score":0.5014016628265381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4772500991821289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.4668270945549011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111185680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3866206","display_name":"Sensor node","level":5,"score":0.4569530785083771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.45427852869033813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7091991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17149548","display_name":"Mobile wireless sensor network","level":5,"score":0.44509634375572205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.43147051334381104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2966638207435608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.2696312665939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14109548926353455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13879957795143127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.08409306406974792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.06656506657600403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2010.5683802","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2010.5683802","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference GLOBECOM 2010","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2048326022","https://openalex.org/W2100796177","https://openalex.org/W2114005163","https://openalex.org/W2114882784","https://openalex.org/W2115731028","https://openalex.org/W2118896504","https://openalex.org/W2136344389","https://openalex.org/W2145717150","https://openalex.org/W2150780508","https://openalex.org/W2152083583","https://openalex.org/W2159892258","https://openalex.org/W2161346167","https://openalex.org/W2500323721","https://openalex.org/W2545317562","https://openalex.org/W3144654918","https://openalex.org/W6677216004"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2148549110","https://openalex.org/W1657620843","https://openalex.org/W2999657022","https://openalex.org/W1977342959","https://openalex.org/W2053773563","https://openalex.org/W1996270948","https://openalex.org/W2394468541","https://openalex.org/W3148968234","https://openalex.org/W4240510232","https://openalex.org/W2377353089"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Efficient":[0],"sensor":[1,29,69],"localizations":[2],"are":[3,24,35],"techniques":[4,23],"for":[5,10,26,53,105],"efficiently":[6],"identifying":[7],"sensors'":[8],"positions":[9],"different":[11],"Wireless":[12],"Sensor":[13],"Networks":[14],"(WSNs)":[15],"applications":[16],"(e.g.,":[17],"environmental":[18],"monitoring).":[19],"Most":[20],"existing":[21,32,132],"localization":[22,33,73,133,138],"designed":[25],"low":[27],"scale":[28,107],"networks.":[30],"Moreover,":[31,143],"approaches":[34],"mostly":[36],"range":[37],"based":[38],"that":[39,109],"use":[40],"some":[41],"powerful":[42],"nodes":[43],"equipped":[44],"with":[45],"expensive":[46],"GPS":[47],"and/or":[48],"extra":[49],"hardware":[50],"(or":[51],"techniques)":[52],"distance":[54],"estimations.":[55],"On":[56],"the":[57,65,117],"other":[58],"hand,":[59],"most":[60],"researchers":[61],"focus":[62],"only":[63],"on":[64],"energy":[66,113,141],"efficiency":[67,114],"of":[68,119,137],"networks":[70],"when":[71],"designing":[72],"method":[74],"though":[75],"1)":[76],"cost,":[77],"2)":[78],"accuracy,":[79],"and":[80,112,140],"3)":[81],"scalability":[82],"should":[83],"also":[84],"be":[85],"considered":[86],"as":[87],"major":[88],"design":[89],"factors.":[90],"In":[91],"this":[92],"paper,":[93],"we":[94],"propose":[95],"Range-free":[96],"Energy":[97],"efficient,":[98],"Localization":[99],"technique":[100],"using":[101],"Mobile":[102],"Anchor":[103],"(RELMA)":[104],"large":[106],"WSNs":[108],"improves":[110],"accuracy":[111,139],"by":[115],"reducing":[116],"number":[118],"anchor":[120],"nodes.":[121],"Simulation":[122],"results":[123],"demonstrate":[124],"these":[125,151],"properties":[126],"where":[127],"RELMA":[128],"Outperforms":[129],"NBLS":[130],"an":[131],"approach":[134],"in":[135],"terms":[136],"efficiency.":[142],"rigid":[144],"statistical":[145],"analysis":[146],"is":[147],"used":[148],"to":[149],"validate":[150],"results.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
