{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2115104852","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2009.5425895","title":"Second-Order Differential Encoding of Deterministic Finite Automata","display_name":"Second-Order Differential Encoding of Deterministic Finite Automata","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2115104852","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2009.5425895","mag":"2115104852"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2009.5425895","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2009.5425895","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GLOBECOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024205614","display_name":"Gianni Antichi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6063-4975"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gianni Antichi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Italy","University of Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102953878","display_name":"Andrea Di Pietro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2668-899X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Di Pietro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Italy","University of Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056667178","display_name":"Domenico Ficara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0203-331X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Domenico Ficara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Italy","University of Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021026284","display_name":"Stefano Giordano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1408-7528"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Giordano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Italy","University of Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051501620","display_name":"Gregorio Procissi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5604-6129"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregorio Procissi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Italy","University of Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070487616","display_name":"Fabio Vitucci","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabio Vitucci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Italy","University of Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12326","display_name":"Network Packet Processing and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12326","display_name":"Network Packet Processing and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11441","display_name":"Organoboron and organosilicon chemistry","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8264919519424438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-packet-inspection","display_name":"Deep packet inspection","score":0.7406303882598877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-state-machine","display_name":"Finite-state machine","score":0.6768324971199036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deterministic-finite-automaton","display_name":"Deterministic finite automaton","score":0.667438805103302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regular-expression","display_name":"Regular expression","score":0.632006049156189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.6022772789001465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.5912292003631592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automaton","display_name":"Automaton","score":0.5784995555877686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5246988534927368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.4796176850795746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.47429659962654114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.42279136180877686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.42081180214881897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transition-system","display_name":"Transition system","score":0.41502317786216736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.41493797302246094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.394020140171051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.35921356081962585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1636357605457306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.1056337058544159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10544294118881226}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8264919519424438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204679922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q734252","display_name":"Deep packet inspection","level":3,"score":0.7406303882598877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167822520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176452","display_name":"Finite-state machine","level":2,"score":0.6768324971199036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104091681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837528","display_name":"Deterministic finite automaton","level":3,"score":0.667438805103302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121329065","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185612","display_name":"Regular expression","level":2,"score":0.632006049156189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.6022772789001465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.5912292003631592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112505250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q787116","display_name":"Automaton","level":2,"score":0.5784995555877686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5246988534927368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.4796176850795746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.47429659962654114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.42279136180877686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.42081180214881897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779167558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176468","display_name":"Transition system","level":2,"score":0.41502317786216736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.41493797302246094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.394020140171051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.35921356081962585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1636357605457306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.1056337058544159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10544294118881226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2009.5425895","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2009.5425895","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GLOBECOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arpi.unipi.it:11568/200636","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11568/200636","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196265","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","host_organization_name":"University of Pisa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1491178396","https://openalex.org/W2006508099","https://openalex.org/W2015535429","https://openalex.org/W2096474000","https://openalex.org/W2113422425","https://openalex.org/W2113425091","https://openalex.org/W2119423764","https://openalex.org/W2134684274","https://openalex.org/W2139418336","https://openalex.org/W2153244370","https://openalex.org/W2167971042","https://openalex.org/W4242309756"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1999162684","https://openalex.org/W2146605784","https://openalex.org/W2159281873","https://openalex.org/W2113425091","https://openalex.org/W2015535429","https://openalex.org/W2022407883","https://openalex.org/W2137664506","https://openalex.org/W1969792688","https://openalex.org/W4242309756","https://openalex.org/W2051822997"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deep":[0],"packet":[1],"inspection":[2],"is":[3,145],"required":[4],"in":[5,12],"an":[6],"increasing":[7],"number":[8,89],"of":[9,23,90,94,151],"network":[10,16],"devices,":[11],"order":[13,139],"to":[14,26,31,40,68,81],"improve":[15],"security":[17],"and":[18,45,125,144],"provide":[19],"application-specific":[20],"services.":[21],"Instead":[22],"standard":[24],"strings":[25],"represent":[27],"the":[28,88,142,148],"data":[29,157],"set":[30],"be":[32,69],"matched,":[33],"state-of-the-art":[34],"systems":[35],"adopt":[36],"regular":[37,48],"expressions,":[38],"due":[39],"their":[41],"high":[42],"expressive":[43],"power":[44],"flexibility.":[46],"Typically":[47],"expressions":[49],"are":[50],"matched":[51],"through":[52],"deterministic":[53],"finite":[54],"automata":[55],"(DFAs),":[56],"but":[57,85],"large":[58,71],"rule":[59],"sets":[60,158],"need":[61],"a":[62,100,106,117,132,164],"memory":[63,95,166],"amount":[64],"which":[65,136],"turns":[66],"out":[67],"too":[70],"for":[72,109,155,163],"practical":[73],"implementation.":[74],"Many":[75],"recent":[76],"works":[77],"have":[78,104],"proposed":[79],"improvements":[80],"address":[82],"this":[83,128],"issue,":[84],"they":[86],"increase":[87],"transitions":[91],"(and":[92],"then":[93],"accesses)":[96],"per":[97,119],"character.":[98],"In":[99,127],"previous":[101],"work,":[102],"we":[103,130],"presented":[105],"smart":[107],"representation":[108],"DFA":[110,143],"which,":[111],"while":[112],"preserving":[113],"fast":[114],"matching":[115],"(i.e.,":[116],"transition":[118],"character":[120],"only),":[121],"considerably":[122],"reduces":[123],"states":[124],"transitions.":[126],"paper":[129],"introduce":[131],"novel":[133],"optimized":[134],"automaton,":[135],"exploits":[137],"second":[138],"relationships":[140],"within":[141],"based":[146],"on":[147],"key":[149],"concept":[150],"\"temporary":[152],"transitions\".":[153],"Results":[154],"real":[156],"show":[159],"that":[160],"it":[161],"allows":[162],"further":[165],"saving.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}