{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2133634693","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2004.1378387","title":"Tunnel minimization and relay for managing virtual private networks","display_name":"Tunnel minimization and relay for managing virtual private networks","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-04-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2133634693","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2004.1378387","mag":"2133634693"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2004.1378387","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2004.1378387","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, 2004. GLOBECOM '04.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005071816","display_name":"I\u2010Wei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4045-4467"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I-Wei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021844836","display_name":"Ying\u2013Dar Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5226-4396"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying-Dar Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","Dept. of Comput. & Inf. Sci., Nat. Chiao Tung Univ., Hsinchu, Taiwan","National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, TW"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. & Inf. Sci., Nat. Chiao Tung Univ., Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, TW","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102149384","display_name":"Yi-Neng Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi-Neng Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","Dept. of Comput. & Inf. Sci., Nat. Chiao Tung Univ., Hsinchu, Taiwan","National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, TW","[Dept. of Comput. & Inf. Sci., Nat. Chiao Tung Univ., Hsinchu, Taiwan]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. & Inf. Sci., Nat. Chiao Tung Univ., Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, TW","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Comput. & Inf. Sci., Nat. Chiao Tung Univ., Hsinchu, Taiwan]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7269,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7555284,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":null,"first_page":"2128","last_page":"2133"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10651","display_name":"IPv6, Mobility, Handover, Networks, Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10651","display_name":"IPv6, Mobility, Handover, Networks, Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ipsec","display_name":"IPsec","score":0.8031644821166992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6698055267333984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6332094073295593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tunneling-protocol","display_name":"Tunneling protocol","score":0.6015766263008118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-network","display_name":"Private network","score":0.5869272947311401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intranet","display_name":"Intranet","score":0.5388092994689941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.4795777201652527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.4472620189189911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hash-function","display_name":"Hash function","score":0.41269081830978394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3234331011772156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.28212976455688477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2809399366378784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-protocol-suite","display_name":"Internet protocol suite","score":0.24309894442558289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09942826628684998}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67396069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210214","display_name":"IPsec","level":3,"score":0.8031644821166992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6698055267333984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6332094073295593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76885553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q957589","display_name":"Tunneling protocol","level":4,"score":0.6015766263008118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117387248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11186","display_name":"Private network","level":2,"score":0.5869272947311401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778059363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483426","display_name":"Intranet","level":3,"score":0.5388092994689941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.4795777201652527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.4472620189189911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99138194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183427","display_name":"Hash function","level":2,"score":0.41269081830978394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3234331011772156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.28212976455688477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2809399366378784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65567647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81414","display_name":"Internet protocol suite","level":3,"score":0.24309894442558289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09942826628684998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2004.1378387","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2004.1378387","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, 2004. GLOBECOM '04.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.141.2050","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.141.2050","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://speed.cis.nctu.edu.tw/~ydlin/IEEE01378387.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W657654767","https://openalex.org/W1669517233","https://openalex.org/W1923289336","https://openalex.org/W1924043382","https://openalex.org/W1949661937","https://openalex.org/W2008063947","https://openalex.org/W2140471436","https://openalex.org/W2150187898","https://openalex.org/W2254691854","https://openalex.org/W2752885492","https://openalex.org/W3004540582","https://openalex.org/W4210921465","https://openalex.org/W4298921906","https://openalex.org/W6637165743","https://openalex.org/W6640083533","https://openalex.org/W6640866947","https://openalex.org/W6692002590","https://openalex.org/W6814336774","https://openalex.org/W6841655463"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2371101663","https://openalex.org/W2370638195","https://openalex.org/W2291371046","https://openalex.org/W2350672869","https://openalex.org/W2504906136","https://openalex.org/W2413322689","https://openalex.org/W2371096117","https://openalex.org/W2350433134","https://openalex.org/W2347954679","https://openalex.org/W2121118769"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"virtual":[1],"private":[2,7],"network":[3,29],"(VPN)":[4],"is":[5,23,48,54,107,129,146],"a":[6,86,116,122,162],"data":[8],"network,":[9],"that":[10,60],"carries":[11],"traffic":[12],"between":[13,32],"remote":[14,33],"sites.":[15],"One":[16],"of":[17,56,89,100,104,143,153],"the":[18,24,52,80,93,98,136,154],"most":[19,151],"popular":[20],"VPN":[21],"applications":[22],"\"intranet/extranet":[25],"VPN\",":[26],"which":[27,47],"establishes":[28],"layer":[30],"connections":[31],"intranet":[34],"sites,":[35],"using":[36,132],"various":[37],"tunneling":[38,58],"protocols,":[39],"to":[40,75,79,91,158],"create":[41],"an":[42,70],"IP":[43],"overlay":[44],"network.":[45],"IPSec,":[46],"very":[49],"prevalent":[50],"in":[51,161],"industry,":[53],"one":[55],"these":[57],"protocols":[59],"not":[61],"only":[62],"provide":[63],"encapsulation/decapsulation":[64],"but":[65],"encryption/decryption":[66],"and":[67,121,128,135,149],"hashing,":[68],"However,":[69],"IPSec":[71],"tunnel":[72,105,117,123,144],"often":[73],"fails":[74],"be":[76,159],"established":[77],"due":[78],"management":[81,94],"complexity.":[82],"The":[83,102,141],"paper":[84],"proposes":[85],"new":[87],"concept":[88],"authority":[90],"alleviate":[92],"overhead":[95],"by":[96],"reducing":[97],"number":[99],"tunnels.":[101],"problem":[103],"minimization":[106,145],"first":[108],"formalized":[109],"under":[110],"three":[111],"conditions":[112],"-":[113,127],"no":[114],"constraint,":[115],"path":[118],"length":[119],"constraint":[120,126],"relay":[124],"degree":[125],"then":[130],"solved":[131],"graphical":[133],"models":[134],"zero-one":[137],"integer":[138],"programming":[139],"algorithm.":[140],"effect":[142],"also":[147],"investigated,":[148],"at":[150],"90%":[152],"tunnels":[155],"are":[156],"found":[157],"reducible":[160],"general":[163],"enterprise":[164],"VPN.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
