{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2168183314","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2003.1258965","title":"M-ary optical data storage: fixed versus variable length modulation","display_name":"M-ary optical data storage: fixed versus variable length modulation","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-03-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2168183314","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2003.1258965","mag":"2168183314"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2003.1258965","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2003.1258965","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GLOBECOM '03. IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37489)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002905774","display_name":"Estuardo Licona","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Licona","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010538525","display_name":"Stephen McLaughlin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9558-8294"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.W. McLaughlin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.19858882,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":null,"first_page":"3921","last_page":"3925"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12162","display_name":"Cellular Automata and Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12162","display_name":"Cellular Automata and Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9886999726295471,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6127116680145264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.537348210811615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-storage","display_name":"Optical storage","score":0.5217769742012024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.481427401304245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Pulse-amplitude modulation","score":0.4677215814590454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.42659732699394226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.41226324439048767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.24220478534698486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.23891973495483398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse","display_name":"Pulse (music)","score":0.22301697731018066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.21979784965515137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.10156193375587463}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6127116680145264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.537348210811615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87519884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248059","display_name":"Optical storage","level":2,"score":0.5217769742012024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.481427401304245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20518276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186130","display_name":"Pulse-amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.4677215814590454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.42659732699394226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.41226324439048767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.24220478534698486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.23891973495483398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780167933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1550652","display_name":"Pulse (music)","level":3,"score":0.22301697731018066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.21979784965515137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.10156193375587463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2003.1258965","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2003.1258965","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GLOBECOM '03. IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37489)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1571931518","https://openalex.org/W1583690512","https://openalex.org/W1691979164","https://openalex.org/W1909762886","https://openalex.org/W1953698414","https://openalex.org/W1975916785","https://openalex.org/W2026090967","https://openalex.org/W2071137527","https://openalex.org/W2122617659","https://openalex.org/W2124261489","https://openalex.org/W2171396054","https://openalex.org/W4243370443","https://openalex.org/W6986227893"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4242191701","https://openalex.org/W2049863527","https://openalex.org/W2920051896","https://openalex.org/W2168689101","https://openalex.org/W4386937355","https://openalex.org/W2348969936","https://openalex.org/W1588669831","https://openalex.org/W2068642629","https://openalex.org/W2004723848","https://openalex.org/W4210416340"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"consider":[1],"theoretical":[2],"and":[3,24,47],"practical":[4],"aspects":[5],"of":[6,71,87],"an":[7,31],"M-ary":[8,25,65,89],"optical":[9,32],"recording":[10],"channel.":[11],"Specifically,":[12],"we":[13,51],"address":[14],"the":[15],"performance":[16],"tradeoffs":[17],"between":[18],"conventional":[19],"pulse":[20],"amplitude":[21],"modulation":[22],"(PAM)":[23],"runlength":[26],"limited":[27],"(RLL)":[28],"coding":[29],"in":[30,58],"disc":[33,37],"system":[34],"with":[35,45],"compact":[36],"parameters.":[38],"Using":[39],"a":[40,69],"linear-time":[41],"invariant":[42],"channel":[43],"model":[44],"white":[46],"nonwhite":[48],"noise":[49],"components,":[50],"see":[52],"that,":[53],"for":[54,68,81],"signal-to-noise":[55],"ratios":[56],"found":[57],"typical":[59],"CD":[60],"systems,":[61],"coded":[62],"PAM":[63],"outperforms":[64],"RLL":[66,90],"codes":[67,91],"range":[70],"storage":[72],"densities.":[73],"In":[74],"addition,":[75],"this":[76],"work":[77],"also":[78],"shows":[79],"that":[80,83],"systems":[82],"require":[84],"moderate-to-small":[85],"values":[86],"M,":[88],"can":[92],"provide":[93],"significant":[94],"advantages.":[95]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}