{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1557756612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2002.1188385","title":"What determines average and outage performance in fading channels?","display_name":"What determines average and outage performance in fading channels?","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-03-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1557756612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2002.1188385","mag":"1557756612"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2002.1188385","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2002.1188385","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Global Telecommunications Conference, 2002. GLOBECOM '02. IEEE","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009345756","display_name":"Zhengdao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2491-7879"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengdao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of ECE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Minnesota Univ., , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of ECE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Minnesota Univ., , USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026758314","display_name":"Georgios B. Giannakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0196-0260"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G.B. Giannakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of ECE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Minnesota Univ., , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of ECE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Minnesota Univ., , USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":48.8681,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99401322,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"1192","last_page":"1196"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.9197836518287659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity-scheme","display_name":"Diversity scheme","score":0.6262788772583008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-density-function","display_name":"Probability density function","score":0.6215662360191345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5423172116279602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding-gain","display_name":"Coding gain","score":0.5198841094970703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outage-probability","display_name":"Outage probability","score":0.5092481374740601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5038813948631287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading-distribution","display_name":"Fading distribution","score":0.5018477439880371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.49206894636154175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-of-error","display_name":"Probability of error","score":0.46248942613601685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity-gain","display_name":"Diversity gain","score":0.4544220268726349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity-combining","display_name":"Diversity combining","score":0.4497072100639343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4390597343444824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.4238869547843933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3394297957420349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.20628908276557922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-fading","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","score":0.14179009199142456}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.9197836518287659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198746922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230593","display_name":"Diversity scheme","level":4,"score":0.6262788772583008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197055811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207522","display_name":"Probability density function","level":2,"score":0.6215662360191345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5423172116279602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76862118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1105671","display_name":"Coding gain","level":3,"score":0.5198841094970703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778258436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30672262","display_name":"Outage probability","level":4,"score":0.5092481374740601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5038813948631287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161126049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5429266","display_name":"Fading distribution","level":5,"score":0.5018477439880371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.49206894636154175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92224547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1673216","display_name":"Probability of error","level":2,"score":0.46248942613601685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164785522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283966","display_name":"Diversity gain","level":4,"score":0.4544220268726349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136817519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q947493","display_name":"Diversity combining","level":4,"score":0.4497072100639343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4390597343444824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.4238869547843933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3394297957420349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.20628908276557922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56985126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854039","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","level":4,"score":0.14179009199142456}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2002.1188385","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2002.1188385","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Global Telecommunications Conference, 2002. GLOBECOM '02. IEEE","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.12.3114","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.12.3114","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://spincom.ece.umn.edu/papers04/gcom02wg.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1485843586","https://openalex.org/W1522045078","https://openalex.org/W2041929039","https://openalex.org/W2099798769","https://openalex.org/W2103036624","https://openalex.org/W2130098973","https://openalex.org/W2144180392","https://openalex.org/W2168847332","https://openalex.org/W3128611524","https://openalex.org/W4249365614"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2145192763","https://openalex.org/W1614377661","https://openalex.org/W2021414914","https://openalex.org/W2028524478","https://openalex.org/W1966650630","https://openalex.org/W2528809026","https://openalex.org/W4295247699","https://openalex.org/W2099705386","https://openalex.org/W4248863123","https://openalex.org/W4239488436"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,28],"quantify":[1],"the":[2,34,45,52,77,80,87,92,96],"average":[3,35,113],"performance":[4,17],"of":[5,23,33,79,95,111],"digital":[6],"transmissions":[7,132],"over":[8],"fading":[9,137],"channels":[10],"at":[11,86],"high":[12],"signal-to-noise":[13],"ratio":[14],"(SNR).":[15],"The":[16,66],"criteria":[18],"considered":[19],"here":[20],"are":[21,71,107],"probability":[22,81],"error":[24],"and":[25,47,68,100],"outage":[26],"probability.":[27],"show":[29],"that":[30],"as":[31],"functions":[32],"SNR,":[36],"they":[37],"can":[38,125],"both":[39],"be":[40,74],"characterized":[41],"by":[42,63],"two":[43],"parameters:":[44],"diversity":[46,54,67,104],"coding":[48,58,69,101],"gains.":[49],"They":[50],"have":[51],"same":[53],"order,":[55],"but":[56],"their":[57],"gains":[59,70,102],"in":[60,109],"dB":[61],"differ":[62],"a":[64],"constant.":[65],"found":[72,108],"to":[73,76,91,128],"related":[75],"behavior":[78],"density":[82],"function":[83],"(PDF)":[84],"only":[85],"origin,":[88],"or":[89,135],"equivalently,":[90],"decaying":[93],"order":[94],"characteristic":[97],"function.":[98],"Diversity":[99],"for":[103,115],"combining":[105],"systems":[106],"terms":[110],"branch":[112],"SNR's":[114],"arbitrarily":[116],"distributed":[117],"independent":[118,134],"(in":[119],"some":[120],"cases,":[121],"correlated)":[122],"branches,":[123],"which":[124],"allow":[126],"one":[127],"analyze,":[129],"e.g.,":[130],"coded":[131],"through":[133],"correlated":[136],"channels.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}