{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7139020717","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom59602.2025.11432678","title":"Synesthesia of Machines (SoM)-Enabled Semantic Communication System","display_name":"Synesthesia of Machines (SoM)-Enabled Semantic Communication System","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7139020717","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom59602.2025.11432678"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/globecom59602.2025.11432678","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom59602.2025.11432678","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GLOBECOM 2025 - 2025 IEEE Global Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109604607","display_name":"Zengle Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139024713","display_name":"Guangdong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04azbjn80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zengle Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou),Intelligent Transportation Thrust,Guangzhou,China,510000"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou),Intelligent Transportation Thrust,Guangzhou,China,510000","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130084051","display_name":"Rongqing Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139024713","display_name":"Guangdong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04azbjn80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rongqing Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou),Intelligent Transportation Thrust,Guangzhou,China,510000"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou),Intelligent Transportation Thrust,Guangzhou,China,510000","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101635844","display_name":"Xi Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9522-7352"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University,School of Electronics,Beijing,China,100871"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University,School of Electronics,Beijing,China,100871","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130024633","display_name":"Liuqing Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liuqing Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou),Internet of Things Thrust & Intelligent Transportation Thrust,Guangzhou,China,510000"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou),Internet of Things Thrust & Intelligent Transportation Thrust,Guangzhou,China,510000","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109604607"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713","https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88160156,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3666","last_page":"3671"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.7189000248908997,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.7189000248908997,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.029400000348687172,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12032","display_name":"Multisensory perception and integration","score":0.019999999552965164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.45590001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/models-of-communication","display_name":"Models of communication","score":0.4544999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.41200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.3792000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-data-model","display_name":"Semantic data model","score":0.33379998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-memory","display_name":"Semantic memory","score":0.31779998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.3172999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanism","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","score":0.3107999861240387}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8381999731063843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5497999787330627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.45590001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158156997","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1416645","display_name":"Models of communication","level":2,"score":0.4544999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.41200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.41040000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.3792000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3580000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90312973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7449052","display_name":"Semantic data model","level":2,"score":0.33379998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197914299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18650","display_name":"Semantic memory","level":3,"score":0.31779998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.3172999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3107999861240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.30160000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.298799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.2881999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511149849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7449051","display_name":"Semantic computing","level":3,"score":0.2872999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85407183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045785","display_name":"Semantic network","level":2,"score":0.28610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16210155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5154140","display_name":"Communication noise","level":2,"score":0.2856000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193125573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7449065","display_name":"Semantic interpretation","level":2,"score":0.28360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.27239999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983448237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1078276","display_name":"Language understanding","level":2,"score":0.25699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.25609999895095825}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/globecom59602.2025.11432678","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom59602.2025.11432678","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GLOBECOM 2025 - 2025 IEEE Global Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W2045658304","https://openalex.org/W2619383789","https://openalex.org/W3036851434","https://openalex.org/W4206175303","https://openalex.org/W4214612132","https://openalex.org/W4315630065","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4389076345"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,99],"recent":[1],"years,":[2],"there":[3],"has":[4,17],"been":[5],"significant":[6],"progress":[7],"in":[8,49,164],"semantic":[9,27,95,103,134],"communication":[10,28,63,96,104,170],"systems":[11],"empowered":[12],"by":[13,89],"deep":[14],"learning.":[15],"It":[16,52],"greatly":[18],"improved":[19],"the":[20,43,132],"efficiency":[21],"of":[22,58,73,140,146,166],"information":[23],"transmission.":[24],"Nevertheless,":[25],"traditional":[26,102],"models":[29,40,163],"still":[30],"face":[31],"challenges,":[32],"particularly":[33],"due":[34],"to":[35,54,101],"their":[36,85],"single-modal":[37],"orientation.":[38],"These":[39],"often":[41],"overlook":[42],"correlations":[44],"among":[45],"different":[46,147],"modal":[47],"data":[48],"multi-modal":[50,82,128],"tasks.":[51],"leads":[53],"an":[55,77],"incomplete":[56],"understanding":[57,135],"complex":[59],"information,":[60],"causing":[61],"increased":[62],"overhead":[64],"and":[65,137,169],"diminished":[66],"performance.":[67],"To":[68],"address":[69],"these":[70,162],"limitations,":[71],"Synesthesia":[72],"Machines":[74],"(SoM)":[75],"provides":[76],"effective":[78,144],"framework":[79],"for":[80,127],"fusing":[81],"data,":[83],"capturing":[84],"complementary":[86],"relationships.":[87],"Inspired":[88],"SoM,":[90],"we":[91,142],"propose":[92],"a":[93,116],"SoM-enabled":[94],"(SoMSC)":[97],"framework.":[98],"contrast":[100],"approaches,":[105],"SoMSC":[106,160],"can":[107],"effectively":[108],"handle":[109],"tasks":[110],"across":[111],"multiple":[112,154],"modalities.":[113,148],"We":[114,149],"design":[115],"fusion":[117,145],"module":[118],"based":[119],"on":[120],"Bidirectional":[121],"Encoder":[122],"Representations":[123],"from":[124],"Transformers":[125],"(BERT)":[126],"fusion.":[129],"By":[130],"leveraging":[131],"powerful":[133],"capabilities":[136],"self-attention":[138],"mechanism":[139],"BERT,":[141],"achieve":[143],"compare":[150],"our":[151],"model":[152],"with":[153],"benchmarks.":[155],"Simulation":[156],"results":[157],"show":[158],"that":[159],"outperforms":[161],"terms":[165],"both":[167],"performance":[168],"overhead.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T20:54:20.808490","created_date":"2026-03-20T00:00:00"}