{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7139088523","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom59602.2025.11432062","title":"Indoor WiFi Signal Visualization Based on Self-Constructing Heatmap","display_name":"Indoor WiFi Signal Visualization Based on Self-Constructing Heatmap","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7139088523","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom59602.2025.11432062"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/globecom59602.2025.11432062","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom59602.2025.11432062","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GLOBECOM 2025 - 2025 IEEE Global Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hengxin Shang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hengxin Shang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,School of Communications and Information Engineering,Chongqing,China,400065"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,School of Communications and Information Engineering,Chongqing,China,400065","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yue Jin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63371133","display_name":"Chongqing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01t001k65","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63371133"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Jiaotong University,School of Information Science and Engineering,Chongqing,China,400074"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Jiaotong University,School of Information Science and Engineering,Chongqing,China,400074","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63371133"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030088739","display_name":"Yiwen Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4596-5900"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiwen Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,School of Communications and Information Engineering,Chongqing,China,400065"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,School of Communications and Information Engineering,Chongqing,China,400065","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130184125","display_name":"Zhaoyu Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaoyu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,School of Communications and Information Engineering,Chongqing,China,400065"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,School of Communications and Information Engineering,Chongqing,China,400065","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129765240","display_name":"Senlin Liao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Senlin Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,School of Communications and Information Engineering,Chongqing,China,400065"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,School of Communications and Information Engineering,Chongqing,China,400065","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106628164","display_name":"Zengshan TIAN","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zengshan Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,School of Communications and Information Engineering,Chongqing,China,400065"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,School of Communications and Information Engineering,Chongqing,China,400065","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1415","last_page":"1420"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.7893000245094299,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.7893000245094299,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.07000000029802322,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11158","display_name":"Wireless Networks and Protocols","score":0.032099999487400055,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kriging","display_name":"Kriging","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.5120000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5041999816894531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.4975999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.45419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4521999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.42969998717308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inefficiency","display_name":"Inefficiency","score":0.4226999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.41530001163482666}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7121999859809875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81692654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q225926","display_name":"Kriging","level":2,"score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5217999815940857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.5120000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5041999816894531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4975999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.45419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4521999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.42969998717308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778869765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6028363","display_name":"Inefficiency","level":2,"score":0.4226999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4219000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42100000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.41530001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61326573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1496376","display_name":"Gaussian process","level":3,"score":0.38100001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.36340001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.3601999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179717631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2991667","display_name":"Multilayer perceptron","level":3,"score":0.36010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.35830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776175482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1195816","display_name":"Transfer (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3361999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3176000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.3127000033855438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.31119999289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.30329999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83546350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139051","display_name":"Regression","level":2,"score":0.28220000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.2815000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.26840001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60908668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690207","display_name":"Perceptron","level":3,"score":0.25049999356269836}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/globecom59602.2025.11432062","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom59602.2025.11432062","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GLOBECOM 2025 - 2025 IEEE Global Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324805","display_name":"Chongqing Municipal Education Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/031nm5713"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2085747276","https://openalex.org/W2544951992","https://openalex.org/W2891224819","https://openalex.org/W2921328141","https://openalex.org/W2983426205","https://openalex.org/W2991800852","https://openalex.org/W3045797029","https://openalex.org/W3109988556","https://openalex.org/W3194620979","https://openalex.org/W4400410335"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,25,58,69,84,112],"WiFi-based":[4],"self-constructing":[5],"heatmap":[6],"technique":[7],"aimed":[8],"at":[9],"addressing":[10],"the":[11,50,64,89,104,128],"inefficiency":[12],"and":[13,38,48,97,137,149],"high":[14],"cost":[15],"of":[16,44,127],"traditional":[17,132],"signal":[18,65],"strength":[19],"measurement":[20],"methods.":[21],"The":[22],"study":[23],"employs":[24],"single-base":[26],"station":[27],"algorithm":[28],"that":[29,103],"utilizes":[30],"Channel":[31],"State":[32],"Information":[33],"(CSI)":[34],"to":[35,62,79,94],"extract":[36],"angle":[37],"time-related":[39],"parameters,":[40],"enabling":[41],"accurate":[42],"positioning":[43],"User":[45],"Equipment":[46],"(UE)":[47],"eliminating":[49],"need":[51],"for":[52,146],"manual":[53],"position":[54],"measurements.":[55],"We":[56],"employ":[57],"Multi-Layer":[59],"Perceptron":[60],"(MLP)":[61],"learn":[63],"power":[66],"distribution":[67],"in":[68,116,125],"simulated":[70,77],"environment.":[71],"To":[72],"enable":[73],"effective":[74],"transfer":[75],"from":[76],"data":[78],"real-world":[80],"data,":[81],"we":[82],"incorporate":[83],"Variational":[85],"Auto-Encoder":[86],"(VAE).":[87],"Ultimately,":[88],"trained":[90],"model":[91],"is":[92],"used":[93],"generate":[95,108],"complete":[96],"high-precision":[98],"heatmaps.":[99],"Experimental":[100],"results":[101],"show":[102],"proposed":[105],"method":[106],"can":[107],"high-accuracy":[109],"heatmaps":[110],"using":[111],"relatively":[113],"small":[114],"dataset":[115],"typical":[117],"indoor":[118],"environments,":[119],"with":[120],"prediction":[121],"errors":[122],"below":[123],"4dB":[124],"90%":[126],"area.":[129],"It":[130],"outperforms":[131],"methods":[133],"such":[134],"as":[135],"Kriging":[136],"Multivariate":[138],"Gaussian":[139],"Process":[140],"Regression":[141],"(MGPR),":[142],"providing":[143],"reliable":[144],"support":[145],"network":[147],"optimization":[148],"localization":[150],"applications.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2026-03-20T00:00:00"}