{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392153021","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom54140.2023.10437078","title":"Towards Accurate Categorization of Network IP Traffic Using Deep Packet Inspection and Machine Learning","display_name":"Towards Accurate Categorization of Network IP Traffic Using Deep Packet Inspection and Machine Learning","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392153021","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom54140.2023.10437078"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/globecom54140.2023.10437078","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom54140.2023.10437078","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GLOBECOM 2023 - 2023 IEEE Global Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035792671","display_name":"Waqar Ali Aziz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5374-3121"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34771391","display_name":"University of Cyprus","ror":"https://ror.org/02qjrjx09","country_code":"CY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34771391"]}],"countries":["CY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Waqar Ali Aziz","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cyprus,Department of Computer Science,Nicosia,Cyprus","CYENS Center of Excellence, Nicosia, Cyprus","Department of Computer Science, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cyprus,Department of Computer Science,Nicosia,Cyprus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34771391"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CYENS Center of Excellence, Nicosia, Cyprus","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34771391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080473845","display_name":"Hassaan Khaliq Qureshi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3042-4050"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hassaan Khaliq Qureshi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, NUST,Islamabad,Pakistan","School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, NUST, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, NUST,Islamabad,Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, NUST, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104346667","display_name":"Adnan Iqbal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802902501","display_name":"Namal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zcxra43","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802902501"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adnan Iqbal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Namal Institute,Department of Computer Science,Mianwali,Pakistan","Department of Computer Science, Namal Institute, Mianwali, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Namal Institute,Department of Computer Science,Mianwali,Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802902501"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Namal Institute, Mianwali, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802902501"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020575793","display_name":"Anwer Al\u2010Dulaimi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9936-0038"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157587","display_name":"Exfo Electro-Optical Engineering (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/04ytq7468","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157587"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anwer Al-Dulaimi","raw_affiliation_strings":["5G Center of Excellence, EXFO,Montreal,Canada","5G Center of Excellence, EXFO, Montreal, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"5G Center of Excellence, EXFO,Montreal,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"5G Center of Excellence, EXFO, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157587"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023648639","display_name":"Saba Al\u2013Rubaye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3293-904X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82284825","display_name":"Cranfield University","ror":"https://ror.org/05cncd958","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saba Al\u2013Rubaye","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University,UK","School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"01","last_page":"06"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12326","display_name":"Network Packet Processing and Optimization","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-packet-inspection","display_name":"Deep packet inspection","score":0.923494815826416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.759935736656189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorization","display_name":"Categorization","score":0.714677631855011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-classification","display_name":"Traffic classification","score":0.6528058052062988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5665483474731445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.5532853603363037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5469120740890503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4352447986602783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.41682565212249756}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204679922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q734252","display_name":"Deep packet inspection","level":3,"score":0.923494815826416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.759935736656189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.714677631855011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169988225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7832484","display_name":"Traffic classification","level":3,"score":0.6528058052062988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5665483474731445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.5532853603363037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5469120740890503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4352447986602783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.41682565212249756}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/globecom54140.2023.10437078","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom54140.2023.10437078","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GLOBECOM 2023 - 2023 IEEE Global Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2078220749","https://openalex.org/W2120948237","https://openalex.org/W2161251616","https://openalex.org/W2511505324","https://openalex.org/W2598995878","https://openalex.org/W2771013472","https://openalex.org/W2808569941","https://openalex.org/W2963516518","https://openalex.org/W3003807236","https://openalex.org/W3036573907","https://openalex.org/W3046103796","https://openalex.org/W4233865259","https://openalex.org/W4255738146","https://openalex.org/W4285208255"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2041550843","https://openalex.org/W2537489883","https://openalex.org/W3119500019","https://openalex.org/W2017644937","https://openalex.org/W1976515580","https://openalex.org/W2917586021","https://openalex.org/W2012465643","https://openalex.org/W3011161512","https://openalex.org/W2928278548","https://openalex.org/W2978828483"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Network":[0],"traffic":[1,12,27,68,86,95,106],"classification":[2,13,69,116],"is":[3,31,43,96],"crucial":[4],"for":[5,34,54],"optimal":[6],"network":[7,11,26,39,58,67,85],"resource":[8],"management.":[9],"Several":[10],"methods":[14],"have":[15],"been":[16],"proposed,":[17],"e.g.,":[18],"Deep":[19],"Packet":[20],"Inspection":[21],"(DPI),":[22],"and":[23,77,82,103,132,139],"machine":[24,78,111,134],"learning-based":[25],"classification.":[28],"Each":[29],"approach":[30],"generally":[32],"efficient":[33],"a":[35,65,73,115],"certain":[36],"class":[37],"of":[38,57,75,90,118,130],"traffic.":[40,59],"However,":[41],"there":[42],"no":[44,48],"one-fit-all":[45],"method,":[46],"i.e.,":[47],"method":[49],"offers":[50],"the":[51,84,100,104,110,128],"best":[52],"performance":[53],"all":[55],"types":[56],"In":[60],"this":[61],"paper,":[62],"we":[63],"propose":[64],"hybrid":[66],"technique":[70],"that":[71],"uses":[72],"combination":[74,129],"DPI":[76,101,131],"learning":[79,112,135,141],"to":[80],"identify":[81],"classify":[83],"into":[87],"different":[88,133],"Quality":[89],"Service":[91],"(QoS)":[92],"classes.":[93],"The":[94,122],"first":[97],"identified":[98],"through":[99,109],"module,":[102,113],"unidentified":[105],"then":[107],"goes":[108],"offering":[114],"accuracy":[117],"more":[119],"than":[120],"98%.":[121],"results":[123],"are":[124],"evaluated":[125],"based":[126],"on":[127],"methods,":[136],"e.g.":[137],"supervised":[138],"unsupervised":[140],"algorithms.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}