{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408325266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom52923.2024.10901432","title":"Deep Learning Aided Two-Stage Beam Training for IRS-Assisted Millimeter Wave Systems","display_name":"Deep Learning Aided Two-Stage Beam Training for IRS-Assisted Millimeter Wave Systems","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408325266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom52923.2024.10901432"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/globecom52923.2024.10901432","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom52923.2024.10901432","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GLOBECOM 2024 - 2024 IEEE Global Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100777660","display_name":"Yuling Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2357-861X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuling Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University,College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering,Hangzhou,China,310027"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University,College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering,Hangzhou,China,310027","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071265062","display_name":"Minjian Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3020-2434"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming-Min Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University,College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering,Hangzhou,China,310027"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University,College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering,Hangzhou,China,310027","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100603246","display_name":"Zijian Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1275-6123"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zijian Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University,College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering,Hangzhou,China,310027"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University,College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering,Hangzhou,China,310027","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101399693","display_name":"Liyan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7551-1476"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liyan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University,College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering,Hangzhou,China,310027"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University,College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering,Hangzhou,China,310027","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109140966","display_name":"Minjian Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minjian Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University,College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering,Hangzhou,China,310027"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University,College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering,Hangzhou,China,310027","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100777660"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.2647102,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1161","last_page":"1166"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.982200026512146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.982200026512146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9718999862670898,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10752","display_name":"Terahertz technology and applications","score":0.9666000008583069,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.6208521723747253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5966734290122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stage","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","score":0.5437991619110107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam","display_name":"Beam (structure)","score":0.4540884494781494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/millimeter","display_name":"Millimeter","score":0.42675432562828064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.35555240511894226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.19673562049865723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.19366630911827087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.17004436254501343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.15191757678985596}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.6208521723747253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5966734290122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146357865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123245","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.5437991619110107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.4540884494781494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109792285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174789","display_name":"Millimeter","level":2,"score":0.42675432562828064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35555240511894226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.19673562049865723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.19366630911827087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.17004436254501343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.15191757678985596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/globecom52923.2024.10901432","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom52923.2024.10901432","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GLOBECOM 2024 - 2024 IEEE Global Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1991056455","https://openalex.org/W2053521124","https://openalex.org/W2075378407","https://openalex.org/W2113257905","https://openalex.org/W2615358882","https://openalex.org/W2876820033","https://openalex.org/W2978330116","https://openalex.org/W2985466239","https://openalex.org/W2990747873","https://openalex.org/W3038533179","https://openalex.org/W3046938740","https://openalex.org/W3091842477","https://openalex.org/W3121978485","https://openalex.org/W3204162029","https://openalex.org/W4323022492","https://openalex.org/W4387870758"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2317169686","https://openalex.org/W1185324648","https://openalex.org/W2539553997","https://openalex.org/W3159902002","https://openalex.org/W3208155863","https://openalex.org/W2363237216","https://openalex.org/W2033762247","https://openalex.org/W2530392398","https://openalex.org/W2070366004","https://openalex.org/W1997983170"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,19,31,122,147],"the":[2,21,33,39,42,47,79,84,99,110,133,140,149,152,156],"capability":[3],"of":[4,103,151],"reshaping":[5],"wireless":[6],"transmission":[7],"environments,":[8],"intelligent":[9],"reflecting":[10,51,126],"surface":[11],"(IRS)":[12],"has":[13],"emerged":[14],"as":[15],"a":[16,64,113],"promising":[17],"solution":[18],"address":[20],"blockage":[22],"issue":[23],"in":[24,38,139],"millimeter":[25],"wave":[26],"(mmWave)":[27],"communication":[28],"systems.":[29],"However,":[30],"reduce":[32],"channel":[34,86,136],"estimation":[35],"overhead":[36],"and":[37,50,92,128],"meantime":[40],"harvest":[41],"beamforming":[43],"gain":[44],"brought":[45],"by":[46],"large-scale":[48],"antennas":[49],"elements,":[52],"efficient":[53],"beam":[54,70,118],"training":[55,71],"methods":[56],"are":[57,107,145],"indispensable.":[58],"In":[59,78,109],"this":[60],"paper,":[61],"we":[62,82],"develop":[63],"deep":[65,114],"learning":[66],"(DL)":[67],"aided":[68],"two-stage":[69],"scheme":[72,154],"for":[73,88],"an":[74,124],"IRS-assisted":[75],"mmWave":[76],"system.":[77],"first":[80,141],"stage,":[81,112],"recognize":[83],"effective":[85],"paths":[87,137],"both":[89],"direct":[90],"link":[91,94],"cascaded":[93],"via":[95],"multibeam":[96],"scanning,":[97],"where":[98],"different":[100],"sparse":[101],"properties":[102],"these":[104],"two":[105],"links":[106],"exploited.":[108],"second":[111],"neural":[115],"network":[116],"(DNN)-based":[117],"synthesizer":[119],"is":[120],"developed":[121],"generate":[123],"optimized":[125],"vector":[127],"hybrid":[129],"precoder,":[130],"based":[131],"on":[132],"recognized":[134],"multiple":[135],"obtained":[138],"stage.":[142],"Simulation":[143],"results":[144],"presented":[146],"demonstrate":[148],"superiority":[150],"proposed":[153],"over":[155],"state-of-the-arts.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-28T23:10:05.387466","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}