{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4315629918","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom48099.2022.10001330","title":"Energy-Aware Scheduling of Virtualized Base Stations in O-RAN with Online Learning","display_name":"Energy-Aware Scheduling of Virtualized Base Stations in O-RAN with Online Learning","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4315629918","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom48099.2022.10001330"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/globecom48099.2022.10001330","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom48099.2022.10001330","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607705","display_name":"GLOBECOM 2022 - 2022 IEEE Global Communications Conference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GLOBECOM 2022 - 2022 IEEE Global Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019667421","display_name":"Michail Kalntis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2328-9209"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michail Kalntis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft University of Technology,The Netherlands","Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology,The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044138533","display_name":"George Iosifidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-2323"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George Iosifidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft University of Technology,The Netherlands","Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology,The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"6048","last_page":"6054"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8028860092163086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.6885594129562378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regret","display_name":"Regret","score":0.6484882831573486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.6203469634056091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5920307636260986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-access-network","display_name":"Radio access network","score":0.5726282596588135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c-ran","display_name":"C-RAN","score":0.5664003491401672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.4478760361671448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4217418432235718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4121883809566498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.38559088110923767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.32455310225486755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.27452895045280457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.15438783168792725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.09252607822418213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08985206484794617}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8028860092163086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.6885594129562378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50817715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79895177","display_name":"Regret","level":2,"score":0.6484882831573486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.6203469634056091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5920307636260986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106365562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3078360","display_name":"Radio access network","level":4,"score":0.5726282596588135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779765720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5005908","display_name":"C-RAN","level":5,"score":0.5664003491401672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.4478760361671448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4217418432235718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4121883809566498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.38559088110923767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.32455310225486755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.27452895045280457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.15438783168792725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.09252607822418213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08985206484794617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207029474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q384018","display_name":"Mobile station","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/globecom48099.2022.10001330","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom48099.2022.10001330","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607705","display_name":"GLOBECOM 2022 - 2022 IEEE Global Communications Conference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GLOBECOM 2022 - 2022 IEEE Global Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:498db66a-163b-40b5-9319-d75d72606b3f","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:498db66a-163b-40b5-9319-d75d72606b3f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400906","display_name":"Research Repository (Delft University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","host_organization_name":"Delft University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2406092791","display_name":"Network intelligence for aDAptive and sElf-Learning MObile Networks","funder_award_id":"101017109","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2012731843","https://openalex.org/W2049934117","https://openalex.org/W2077902449","https://openalex.org/W2137898377","https://openalex.org/W2192203593","https://openalex.org/W2194020865","https://openalex.org/W2263102236","https://openalex.org/W2287724167","https://openalex.org/W2896528274","https://openalex.org/W2912755852","https://openalex.org/W2919034928","https://openalex.org/W2943028451","https://openalex.org/W2956517125","https://openalex.org/W2962883549","https://openalex.org/W2979918265","https://openalex.org/W2982493294","https://openalex.org/W3080563266","https://openalex.org/W3154037811","https://openalex.org/W3189693726","https://openalex.org/W3207047766","https://openalex.org/W4288086393","https://openalex.org/W6687551352"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2592537445","https://openalex.org/W2117039245","https://openalex.org/W2497039592","https://openalex.org/W3138350675","https://openalex.org/W2436923341","https://openalex.org/W2902173727","https://openalex.org/W4287262510","https://openalex.org/W2064969374","https://openalex.org/W2885291556","https://openalex.org/W4205856738"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"design":[1],"of":[2,18,36,63,130,138],"Open":[3],"Radio":[4],"Access":[5],"Network":[6],"(O-RAN)":[7],"compliant":[8],"systems":[9],"for":[10,21,56],"configuring":[11],"the":[12,30,58,85,91,102,135],"virtualized":[13],"Base":[14],"Stations":[15],"(vBSs)":[16],"is":[17,26,82],"paramount":[19],"importance":[20],"network":[22,79],"operators.":[23],"This":[24,66],"task":[25],"challenging":[27],"since":[28],"optimizing":[29],"vBS":[31,86,140],"scheduling":[32],"procedure":[33],"requires":[34],"knowledge":[35],"parameters,":[37],"which":[38],"are":[39],"erratic":[40],"and":[41,60,78,81,98,122],"demanding":[42],"to":[43,84,132],"obtain":[44],"in":[45,93,114,134,141],"advance.":[46],"In":[47],"this":[48],"paper,":[49],"we":[50,99],"propose":[51],"an":[52],"online":[53],"learning":[54],"algorithm":[55,67],"balancing":[57],"performance":[59,69],"energy":[61],"consumption":[62,137],"a":[64,115,139],"vBS.":[65],"provides":[68],"guarantees":[70],"under":[71],"unforeseeable":[72],"conditions,":[73],"such":[74],"as":[75],"non-stationary":[76],"traffic":[77],"state,":[80],"oblivious":[83],"operation":[87],"profile.":[88],"We":[89],"study":[90],"problem":[92],"its":[94],"most":[95],"general":[96],"form":[97],"prove":[100],"that":[101],"proposed":[103],"technique":[104],"achieves":[105],"sub-linear":[106],"regret":[107],"(i.e.,":[108],"zero":[109],"average":[110],"optimality":[111],"gap)":[112],"even":[113],"fast-changing":[116],"environment.":[117],"By":[118],"using":[119],"real-world":[120],"data":[121],"various":[123],"trace-driven":[124],"evaluations,":[125],"our":[126],"findings":[127],"indicate":[128],"savings":[129],"up":[131],"74.3%":[133],"power":[136],"comparison":[142],"with":[143],"state-of-the-art":[144],"benchmarks.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2023-01-12T00:00:00"}