{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3123817330","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom42002.2020.9322621","title":"Three-Dimensional Modeling of Millimeter-Wave MIMO Channels for UAV-Based Communications","display_name":"Three-Dimensional Modeling of Millimeter-Wave MIMO Channels for UAV-Based Communications","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3123817330","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom42002.2020.9322621","mag":"3123817330"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/globecom42002.2020.9322621","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom42002.2020.9322621","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GLOBECOM 2020 - 2020 IEEE Global Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047409822","display_name":"Zhangfeng Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9068-4770"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhangfeng Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100620739","display_name":"Bo Ai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6850-0595"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Ai","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012250827","display_name":"Ruisi He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4135-3227"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruisi He","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100350955","display_name":"Zhangdui Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8889-7374"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhangdui Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000793205","display_name":"Mi Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1423-8899"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mi Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100741004","display_name":"Junhong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2859-3616"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junhong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Lightwave Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Lightwave Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100439854","display_name":"Li Pei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3381-9883"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Pei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Lightwave Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Lightwave Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008900748","display_name":"Yujian Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6318-9782"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yujian Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Lightwave Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Lightwave Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100336905","display_name":"Jing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2469-1374"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Lightwave Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Lightwave Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.4247,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97905181,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.7168552875518799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.7142001390457153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6693820953369141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.6671950817108154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5567530989646912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-process","display_name":"Markov process","score":0.5067744851112366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.49086862802505493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4331352710723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.42795905470848083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.34356260299682617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2773611545562744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1709350347518921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10497570037841797}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.7168552875518799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.7142001390457153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6693820953369141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.6671950817108154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5567530989646912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.5067744851112366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.49086862802505493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4331352710723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.42795905470848083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.34356260299682617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2773611545562744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1709350347518921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10497570037841797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/globecom42002.2020.9322621","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom42002.2020.9322621","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GLOBECOM 2020 - 2020 IEEE Global Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6100000143051147}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1800548303","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFF0212103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7377280054","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61725101,U1834210,6196113039,61771037,61922012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7873871765","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"4182047","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8729541163","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RCS2018ZZ007,RCS2020ZT008,RCS2020ZT010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323067","funder_display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323067","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1667165204","https://openalex.org/W2046245205","https://openalex.org/W2769177830","https://openalex.org/W2769544239","https://openalex.org/W2775421175","https://openalex.org/W2791811070","https://openalex.org/W2797086109","https://openalex.org/W2800793214","https://openalex.org/W2805161269","https://openalex.org/W2886012125","https://openalex.org/W2896045615","https://openalex.org/W2904441958","https://openalex.org/W2908491787","https://openalex.org/W2959943703","https://openalex.org/W2962691117","https://openalex.org/W2962873247","https://openalex.org/W2964316728","https://openalex.org/W2968535831","https://openalex.org/W2991374702","https://openalex.org/W2998267513","https://openalex.org/W3029554135","https://openalex.org/W3034505848","https://openalex.org/W6749279547","https://openalex.org/W6757418579"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2355663289","https://openalex.org/W2106913410","https://openalex.org/W4380372336","https://openalex.org/W2354248671","https://openalex.org/W2359134391","https://openalex.org/W2059045613","https://openalex.org/W2902017755","https://openalex.org/W4387686915","https://openalex.org/W2953223428","https://openalex.org/W4307482984"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,75,112,126],"integration":[1],"of":[2,73,77,110,114,139],"unmanned":[3],"aerial":[4],"vehicles":[5],"(UAVs)":[6],"and":[7,22,71,80,86,122,128,135],"millimeter":[8],"wave":[9],"(mmWave)":[10],"technology":[11],"can":[12,130],"provide":[13],"high":[14],"data":[15],"rate":[16],"for":[17,40],"the":[18,53,67,78,91,97,100,107,137],"fifth":[19],"generation":[20],"(5G)":[21],"beyond":[23],"wireless":[24],"networks.":[25],"In":[26],"this":[27],"paper,":[28],"a":[29,46,58],"non-stationary":[30],"geometric":[31],"mmWave":[32,140],"multiple-input":[33],"multiple-output":[34],"(MIMO)":[35],"channel":[36,120],"model":[37,66,92,117],"is":[38,63],"proposed":[39,98],"air-to-air":[41],"(A2A)":[42],"communications":[43],"based":[44],"on":[45,96,119],"three-dimensional":[47],"(3D)":[48],"cylinder":[49],"model.":[50],"To":[51],"describe":[52],"real":[54],"A2A":[55,142],"propagation":[56,87],"environments,":[57],"two-state":[59],"continuous-time":[60],"Markov":[61],"process":[62],"introduced":[64],"to":[65,133],"dynamic":[68],"properties":[69],"(appearance":[70],"disappearance)":[72],"scatterers.":[74,111],"movements":[76],"transmitter":[79],"receiver":[81],"result":[82],"in":[83],"time-varying":[84],"angles":[85],"distances":[88],"that":[89],"make":[90],"more":[93],"general.":[94],"Based":[95],"model,":[99],"space-time-frequency":[101],"correlation":[102,121],"functions":[103],"are":[104,124],"derived":[105],"using":[106],"survival":[108],"probabilities":[109],"effects":[113],"some":[115],"important":[116],"parameters":[118],"non-stationarity":[123],"investigated.":[125],"observations":[127],"conclusions":[129],"be":[131],"used":[132],"evaluate":[134],"optimize":[136],"performance":[138],"UAV":[141],"communication":[143],"systems.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}