{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3010384738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom38437.2019.9013256","title":"Deep Learning for Large Intelligent Surfaces in Millimeter Wave and Massive MIMO Systems","display_name":"Deep Learning for Large Intelligent Surfaces in Millimeter Wave and Massive MIMO Systems","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3010384738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom38437.2019.9013256","mag":"3010384738"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/globecom38437.2019.9013256","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom38437.2019.9013256","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000913573","display_name":"Abdelrahman Taha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6046-6641"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdelrahman Taha","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036355947","display_name":"Muhammad Alrabeiah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7586-2631"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Alrabeiah","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003243464","display_name":"Ahmed Alkhateeb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5648-1569"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Alkhateeb","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.4411,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":188,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99245622,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.8098275065422058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.704238772392273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflection","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","score":0.617639422416687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.6054480075836182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseband","display_name":"Baseband","score":0.5429503917694092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5310554504394531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4767376184463501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.45170724391937256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.43746206164360046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4356074929237366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.4118436574935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.3380570709705353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.2596646547317505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2387964427471161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.1895870566368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15608730912208557}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.8098275065422058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.704238772392273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65682993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056451","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.617639422416687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.6054480075836182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65165936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575784","display_name":"Baseband","level":3,"score":0.5429503917694092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5310554504394531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4767376184463501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.45170724391937256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.43746206164360046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4356074929237366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.4118436574935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3380570709705353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.2596646547317505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2387964427471161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1895870566368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15608730912208557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/globecom38437.2019.9013256","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/globecom38437.2019.9013256","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2137983211","https://openalex.org/W2195693430","https://openalex.org/W2735938380","https://openalex.org/W2765606903","https://openalex.org/W2805166665","https://openalex.org/W2914949576","https://openalex.org/W2921649036","https://openalex.org/W2950077417","https://openalex.org/W2963408914","https://openalex.org/W2963460596","https://openalex.org/W2997056960","https://openalex.org/W3013594094","https://openalex.org/W3013689226","https://openalex.org/W3134059753","https://openalex.org/W3146803896","https://openalex.org/W4288365549","https://openalex.org/W4288574671","https://openalex.org/W4289400719","https://openalex.org/W6759127422","https://openalex.org/W6762532188","https://openalex.org/W6763068224"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2134916061","https://openalex.org/W2155567810","https://openalex.org/W4381785485","https://openalex.org/W4205696264","https://openalex.org/W3010469571","https://openalex.org/W2463053673","https://openalex.org/W2393478743","https://openalex.org/W4224872188","https://openalex.org/W4285223123","https://openalex.org/W4386970495"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"a":[1,164,174],"promising":[2,175],"candidate":[3],"for":[4,177],"future":[5],"wireless":[6],"systems,":[7],"large":[8,28],"intelligent":[9],"surfaces":[10,25],"(LISs)":[11],"recently":[12],"emerged":[13],"to":[14,57,69,107,116,141],"serve":[15],"considerate":[16],"improvements":[17],"in":[18,50,55],"both":[19,181],"spectral":[20],"and":[21,78,184],"energy":[22,182],"efficiencies.":[23],"These":[24],"consist":[26],"of":[27,30,34,167],"numbers":[29],"passive":[31,44,99],"elements":[32,97,105,170],"capable":[33],"intelligently":[35],"reflecting":[36],"the":[37,41,51,60,71,95,108,118,136,139,143,153,158,168],"incident":[38],"signals.":[39],"Since":[40],"LIS":[42,61,91,96,119,137,145,169,178],"employs":[43],"elements,":[45],"critical":[46],"challenges":[47],"are":[48,98,171],"inherent":[49],"channel":[52,72],"training/estimation":[53],"process":[54],"order":[56],"properly":[58],"design":[59,117],"reflection":[62,120,146],"matrices.":[63,147],"One":[64],"challenge":[65],"particularly":[66],"is":[67],"how":[68],"acquire":[70],"knowledge":[73],"with":[74,122],"low":[75],"training":[76,124,185],"overhead":[77,186],"power":[79],"consumption":[80],"solutions.":[81],"In":[82],"this":[83],"paper,":[84],"we":[85,111,132],"first":[86],"propose":[87],"an":[88,113],"energy-efficient":[89],"novel":[90],"architecture":[92],"where":[93],"all":[94],"except":[100],"few":[101],"non-uniformly":[102],"distributed":[103],"active":[104],"(connected":[106],"baseband).":[109],"Then,":[110],"develop":[112],"efficient":[114],"solution":[115,155,176],"matrices,":[121],"negligible":[123],"overhead,":[125],"leveraging":[126],"deep":[127],"learning":[128],"tools.":[129],"Given":[130],"what":[131],"call":[133],"environment":[134],"descriptors,":[135],"has":[138],"ability":[140],"learn":[142],"optimal":[144,159],"The":[148],"simulation":[149],"results":[150],"show":[151],"that":[152],"developed":[154],"can":[156],"approach":[157],"upper":[160],"bound,":[161],"when":[162],"only":[163],"small":[165],"fraction":[166],"active,":[172],"yielding":[173],"systems":[179],"from":[180],"efficiency":[183],"perspectives.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":45},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}