{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2910767115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ghtc.2018.8601552","title":"Text to Braille Scanner with Ultra Low Cost Refreshable Braille Display","display_name":"Text to Braille Scanner with Ultra Low Cost Refreshable Braille Display","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2910767115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ghtc.2018.8601552","mag":"2910767115"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ghtc.2018.8601552","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ghtc.2018.8601552","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090852740","display_name":"Shahruk Hossain","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183697816","display_name":"Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05a1qpv97","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183697816"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shahruk Hossain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183697816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057425018","display_name":"Abdullah Abyad Raied","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183697816","display_name":"Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05a1qpv97","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183697816"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Abyad Raied","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183697816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109243321","display_name":"Asifur Rahman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183697816","display_name":"Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05a1qpv97","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183697816"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asifur Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183697816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015295231","display_name":"Zaowad Rahabin Abdullah","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183697816","display_name":"Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05a1qpv97","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183697816"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zaowad Rahabin Abdullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183697816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074933912","display_name":"Dipanjan Adhikary","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183697816","display_name":"Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05a1qpv97","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183697816"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dipanjan Adhikary","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183697816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036611459","display_name":"Ahsan Rabby Khan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183697816","display_name":"Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05a1qpv97","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183697816"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahsan Rabby Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183697816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012800582","display_name":"Arnab Bhattacharjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2798-2350"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183697816","display_name":"Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05a1qpv97","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183697816"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arnab Bhattacharjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183697816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028676188","display_name":"Celia Shahnaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8660-0335"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183697816","display_name":"Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05a1qpv97","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183697816"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Celia Shahnaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183697816"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074606314","display_name":"Shaikh Anowarul Fattah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-2327"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183697816","display_name":"Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05a1qpv97","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183697816"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaikh Anowarul Fattah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183697816"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090852740"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183697816"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4938,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64086208,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11687","display_name":"Teleoperation and Haptic Systems","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/braille","display_name":"Braille","score":0.9737493395805359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7792798280715942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-character-recognition","display_name":"Optical character recognition","score":0.6760792136192322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scanner","display_name":"Scanner","score":0.6611064672470093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.5138816833496094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3815458416938782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3382750153541565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.3272297978401184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.297161728143692}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778802812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79894","display_name":"Braille","level":2,"score":0.9737493395805359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7792798280715942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546480517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Optical character recognition","level":3,"score":0.6760792136192322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779751349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474480","display_name":"Scanner","level":2,"score":0.6611064672470093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5138816833496094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3815458416938782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3382750153541565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.3272297978401184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.297161728143692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ghtc.2018.8601552","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ghtc.2018.8601552","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1486818355","https://openalex.org/W2136805403","https://openalex.org/W2140025273","https://openalex.org/W2283809828","https://openalex.org/W2545679637","https://openalex.org/W2792719405","https://openalex.org/W4254673984","https://openalex.org/W6836142199"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1525606688","https://openalex.org/W2113415290","https://openalex.org/W2056248531","https://openalex.org/W2805875310","https://openalex.org/W2626963359","https://openalex.org/W3203015479","https://openalex.org/W2787678320","https://openalex.org/W2078499755","https://openalex.org/W1991513203","https://openalex.org/W3178467699"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Braille":[0,100],"is":[1,163,185,232,270],"the":[2,11,114,137,151,154,166,222,252,255],"ubiquitous":[3],"method":[4],"used":[5],"to":[6,75,83,128,145,220,244,248],"consume":[7],"text":[8,36,82,161,191],"material":[9,24],"by":[10,102,132],"visually":[12,223],"impaired":[13,224],"and":[14,22,59,217,265,279],"blind":[15],"but":[16],"braille":[17,39,84,93,199],"forms":[18],"of":[19,61,106,113,126,150,156,168,188,196,254,274,277],"most":[20],"books":[21],"educational":[23],"are":[25],"not":[26],"available":[27,46],"especially":[28],"in":[29,38,66,165,193,200,226,234,272],"third":[30,67],"world":[31,68],"countries.":[32,69],"For":[33],"displaying":[34],"digital":[35],"documents":[37],"form,":[40],"electronic":[41],"refreshable":[42,92],"displays,":[43],"have":[44,55,245],"been":[45,56,260],"for":[47,64],"quite":[48],"some":[49],"time.":[50],"However":[51],"since":[52],"inception,":[53],"they":[54],"very":[57,267],"expensive":[58],"out":[60,147],"reach":[62],"financially":[63],"many":[65],"This":[70],"paper":[71],"presents":[72],"a":[73,88,123,169,194,235,266],"solution":[74],"these":[76],"problems":[77],"-":[78],"an":[79],"open":[80,175],"source":[81,176],"scanner":[85,162,183],"along":[86],"with":[87],"unique":[89],"low":[90,142],"cost":[91],"display.":[94],"The":[95,160,182,207,229],"proposed":[96,138,230,256],"display":[97,139,257],"generates":[98],"all":[99],"characters":[101,247],"simple":[103],"sliding":[104,149],"arrangement":[105],"two":[107],"eleven-slot":[108],"pre-protruded":[109],"sliders":[110,152],"utilizing":[111],"permutations":[112],"slots.":[115],"Unlike":[116],"conventional":[117],"piezo-electric":[118],"based":[119],"displays":[120],"that":[121,239],"consumes":[122],"large":[124],"amount":[125],"power":[127,143],"generate":[129],"each":[130],"character":[131,178],"dynamically":[133],"actuating":[134],"various":[135,263],"slots,":[136],"requires":[140],"extremely":[141],"just":[144],"carry":[146],"linear":[148],"without":[153,203],"need":[155],"individual":[157],"slot":[158],"excitation.":[159],"presented":[164],"form":[167],"mobile":[170],"app,":[171],"built":[172],"using":[173],"Google's":[174],"optical":[177],"recognition":[179],"(OCR)":[180],"engine.":[181],"app":[184,208],"currently":[186],"capable":[187],"converting":[189],"English":[190],"printed":[192],"multitude":[195],"fonts":[197],"into":[198],"real":[201],"time":[202],"any":[204],"internet":[205],"connectivity.":[206],"also":[209],"features":[210],"assistive":[211],"technologies":[212],"such":[213,238],"as":[214],"voice":[215],"guidance":[216],"tactile":[218],"feedback":[219],"assist":[221],"user":[225],"scanning":[227],"documents.":[228],"device":[231,258],"implemented":[233],"modular":[236],"fashion":[237],"one":[240],"can":[241],"easily":[242],"expand":[243],"more":[246],"be":[249],"displayed.":[250],"Finally":[251],"performance":[253,269],"has":[259],"tested":[261],"under":[262],"conditions":[264],"satisfactory":[268],"achieved,":[271],"terms":[273],"cost,":[275],"comfort":[276],"use":[278],"speed.":[280]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
