{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1991115821","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ghtc.2014.6970359","title":"Mobile-enabled delay tolerant networking in rural developing regions","display_name":"Mobile-enabled delay tolerant networking in rural developing regions","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1991115821","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ghtc.2014.6970359","mag":"1991115821"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ghtc.2014.6970359","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ghtc.2014.6970359","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6958780/6970242/06970359.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC 2014)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6958780/6970242/06970359.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080960377","display_name":"Adriano Galati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9661-899X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137357","display_name":"Walt Disney (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/04h1x1p54","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137357","https://openalex.org/I4210142140"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Adriano Galati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Disney Research Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","Disney Research Zurich, 8092, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Disney Research Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Disney Research Zurich, 8092, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137357"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011205274","display_name":"Theodoros Bourchas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137357","display_name":"Walt Disney (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/04h1x1p54","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137357","https://openalex.org/I4210142140"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Theodoros Bourchas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Disney Research Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","Disney Research Zurich, 8092, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Disney Research Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Disney Research Zurich, 8092, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137357"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086784160","display_name":"Sandra Siby","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9481-0826"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137357","display_name":"Walt Disney (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/04h1x1p54","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137357","https://openalex.org/I4210142140"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandra Siby","raw_affiliation_strings":["Disney Research Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","Disney Research Zurich, 8092, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Disney Research Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Disney Research Zurich, 8092, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137357"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022089542","display_name":"Seth Frey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5298-5089"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137357","display_name":"Walt Disney (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/04h1x1p54","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137357","https://openalex.org/I4210142140"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seth Frey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Disney Research Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","Disney Research Zurich, 8092, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Disney Research Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Disney Research Zurich, 8092, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137357"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055678413","display_name":"Mar\u00eda Carbonell Olivares","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0712-2230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137357","display_name":"Walt Disney (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/04h1x1p54","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137357","https://openalex.org/I4210142140"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Olivares","raw_affiliation_strings":["Disney Research Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","Disney Research Zurich, 8092, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Disney Research Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Disney Research Zurich, 8092, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137357"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109514814","display_name":"Stefan Mangold","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137357","display_name":"Walt Disney (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/04h1x1p54","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137357","https://openalex.org/I4210142140"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Mangold","raw_affiliation_strings":["Disney Research Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","Disney Research Zurich, 8092, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Disney Research Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Disney Research Zurich, 8092, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137357"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080960377"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137357"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.894,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91408505,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"699","last_page":"705"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13194","display_name":"ICT in Developing Communities","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empowerment","display_name":"Empowerment","score":0.6227940917015076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5668783187866211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-area","display_name":"Rural area","score":0.4500086307525635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.43645456433296204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-telephony","display_name":"Mobile telephony","score":0.41340845823287964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.3994695842266083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3820626437664032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"Economic growth","score":0.2107544243335724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-radio","display_name":"Mobile radio","score":0.13353252410888672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.12348529696464539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.0908152163028717}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20555606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868575","display_name":"Empowerment","level":2,"score":0.6227940917015076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5668783187866211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129047720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175185","display_name":"Rural area","level":2,"score":0.4500086307525635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43645456433296204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.41340845823287964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3994695842266083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3820626437664032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.2107544243335724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781307350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6887221","display_name":"Mobile radio","level":2,"score":0.13353252410888672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.12348529696464539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0908152163028717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ghtc.2014.6970359","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ghtc.2014.6970359","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6958780/6970242/06970359.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC 2014)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ghtc.2014.6970359","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ghtc.2014.6970359","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6958780/6970242/06970359.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC 2014)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1417781097","display_name":"Mobile Empowerment for the Socio-Economic Development in South Africa","funder_award_id":"611796","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3981126665","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Seventh Framework Programme","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5399556803","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"This project has received funding from the Europea","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1991115821.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1991115821.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1540047495","https://openalex.org/W1572481965","https://openalex.org/W1596065272","https://openalex.org/W1899668707","https://openalex.org/W1928838362","https://openalex.org/W1966518282","https://openalex.org/W1975261117","https://openalex.org/W1997529336","https://openalex.org/W2031318223","https://openalex.org/W2073418598","https://openalex.org/W2094082125","https://openalex.org/W2120358295","https://openalex.org/W2142522527","https://openalex.org/W2151342861","https://openalex.org/W2162076967","https://openalex.org/W2166713974","https://openalex.org/W2170914992","https://openalex.org/W3123192902","https://openalex.org/W3214428327","https://openalex.org/W6632257669","https://openalex.org/W6634082847","https://openalex.org/W6685308309"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3121443510","https://openalex.org/W2069408381","https://openalex.org/W4400980708","https://openalex.org/W641058583","https://openalex.org/W1968055665","https://openalex.org/W2114457122","https://openalex.org/W2176179953","https://openalex.org/W1994232288","https://openalex.org/W4234564246","https://openalex.org/W4210416133"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mobile":[0],"technology":[1],"is":[2,93],"already":[3],"playing":[4],"an":[5,188],"important":[6],"role":[7],"in":[8,17,47,88,174,187,194,204],"the":[9,116,145,163,175,205],"economic":[10,41,66],"and":[11,27,36,67,85,157],"social":[12,68],"empowerment":[13,69,173],"of":[14,70,99,118,130,177,207],"rural":[15,21,48,71,178,195],"communities":[16,193],"developing":[18,49],"regions.":[19],"However,":[20],"areas":[22,46],"often":[23],"suffer":[24],"from":[25],"slow":[26],"unreliable":[28],"network":[29,125],"infrastructures.":[30,142],"This":[31],"limits":[32],"access":[33],"to":[34,53,64,95,137,171],"content":[35,87,92,114,151],"services":[37],"that":[38,191],"may":[39],"promote":[40],"development.":[42,179],"Focusing":[43],"on":[44,109],"under-served":[45],"regions,":[50],"we":[51,183],"aim":[52],"explore":[54],"how":[55],"ICT":[56,141],"systems":[57,81],"for":[58,165],"collective":[59],"intelligence":[60],"can":[61,82],"be":[62],"used":[63],"foster":[65],"communities.":[72],"In":[73,103],"our":[74,185],"model,":[75],"microentrepreneurs":[76,96,203],"equipped":[77],"with":[78,139,152,198],"low-complexity":[79],"cinema-in-a-backpack":[80],"deliver":[83,113],"educational":[84],"entertainment":[86],"remote":[89],"villages.":[90],"The":[91,127],"distributed":[94],"by":[97,201],"means":[98],"opportunistic":[100,131,158],"(delay-tolerant)":[101],"networks.":[102,159],"such":[104],"networks,":[105],"mobile":[106,172],"infostations":[107],"mounted":[108],"public":[110],"transportation":[111],"vehicles":[112],"without":[115],"support":[117],"telecom":[119],"operators":[120],"or":[121],"any":[122],"other":[123],"dedicated":[124],"infrastructure.":[126],"delay":[128],"tolerance":[129],"networks":[132],"makes":[133],"them":[134],"ideally":[135],"suited":[136],"environments":[138],"under-developed":[140],"We":[143,160],"discuss":[144],"technical":[146],"challenges":[147],"behind":[148],"distributing":[149],"digital":[150],"a":[153,168,208],"low-cost":[154],"delivery":[155],"mechanism":[156],"also":[161],"establish":[162],"case":[164],"DTN":[166],"as":[167],"socially-grounded":[169],"approach":[170],"context":[176],"Toward":[180],"this":[181],"end,":[182],"present":[184],"work":[186],"ongoing":[189],"project":[190],"provides":[192],"South":[196],"Africa":[197],"cinema":[199],"experience":[200],"training":[202],"operation":[206],"DTN-enabled":[209],"microfranchise.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-11T14:59:36.786465","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
