{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2532585622","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gem.2014.7048125","title":"Surgical simulation workflow representation using hierarchical task analysis and statecharts: Implementation on the evolution engine","display_name":"Surgical simulation workflow representation using hierarchical task analysis and statecharts: Implementation on the evolution engine","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2532585622","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gem.2014.7048125","mag":"2532585622"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/gem.2014.7048125","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gem.2014.7048125","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE Games Media Entertainment","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018115386","display_name":"Justin MacKenzie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2314-917X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125749732","display_name":"Western University","ror":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Justin MacKenzie","raw_affiliation_strings":["UWO Electrical and Computer Engineering, London, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UWO Electrical and Computer Engineering, London, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084236596","display_name":"Shaun Carnegie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125749732","display_name":"Western University","ror":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaun Carnegie","raw_affiliation_strings":["UWO Electrical and Computer Engineering, London, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UWO Electrical and Computer Engineering, London, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051700683","display_name":"James Schmalz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122078","display_name":"Northern Digital (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/030wrns14","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122078"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Schmalz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Extremes, Inc., London, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Extremes, Inc., London, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122078"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035455910","display_name":"Mike Schmalz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122078","display_name":"Northern Digital (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/030wrns14","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122078"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mike Schmalz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Extremes, Inc., London, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Extremes, Inc., London, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122078"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075811250","display_name":"Sandrine de Ribaupierre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7096-2289"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125749732","display_name":"Western University","ror":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandrine de Ribaupierre","raw_affiliation_strings":["UWO Electrical and Computer Engineering, London, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UWO Electrical and Computer Engineering, London, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088509775","display_name":"Roy Eagleson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9264-8135"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125749732","display_name":"Western University","ror":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roy Eagleson","raw_affiliation_strings":["UWO Electrical and Computer Engineering, London, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UWO Electrical and Computer Engineering, London, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"163","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.979200005531311,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.979200005531311,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.9585999846458435,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10916","display_name":"Surgical Simulation and Training","score":0.9477999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow","display_name":"Workflow","score":0.7702047824859619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.757034420967102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.7174986600875854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scripting-language","display_name":"Scripting language","score":0.6405607461929321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/situation-awareness","display_name":"Situation awareness","score":0.5582261085510254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.540067195892334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task-analysis","display_name":"Task analysis","score":0.5098885297775269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.4973905384540558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-patient","display_name":"Virtual patient","score":0.48223409056663513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.456463485956192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.37423354387283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.12599539756774902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.11742052435874939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.09805592894554138}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.7702047824859619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.757034420967102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.7174986600875854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61423126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187432","display_name":"Scripting language","level":2,"score":0.6405607461929321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145804949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q478123","display_name":"Situation awareness","level":2,"score":0.5582261085510254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.540067195892334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.5098885297775269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.4973905384540558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778533338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7935148","display_name":"Virtual patient","level":2,"score":0.48223409056663513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.456463485956192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.37423354387283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.12599539756774902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.11742052435874939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.09805592894554138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/gem.2014.7048125","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gem.2014.7048125","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE Games Media Entertainment","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:electricalpub-1596","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/electricalpub/588","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400648","display_name":"Scholarship@Western (Western University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I125749732","host_organization_name":"Western University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications","raw_type":"conference"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1516999810","https://openalex.org/W2099529102","https://openalex.org/W2404776768","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6630821970"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2046765700","https://openalex.org/W4384345686","https://openalex.org/W1981780420","https://openalex.org/W2182707996","https://openalex.org/W2357937784","https://openalex.org/W45233828","https://openalex.org/W2964988449","https://openalex.org/W2547618384","https://openalex.org/W1996385088","https://openalex.org/W2098740605"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Healthcare":[1],"services":[2],"providers":[3],"and":[4,28,31,34,57,72],"medical":[5],"schools":[6],"have":[7,113],"only":[8],"recently":[9],"recognized":[10],"the":[11,59,75,88,102],"potential":[12],"of":[13,44,69,81,127],"simulation":[14,106],"as":[15],"a":[16,92,99,115],"training":[17],"tool,":[18],"focusing":[19],"primarily":[20],"on":[21,118],"realistic":[22],"standardized-patient":[23],"simulations":[24,36],"(for":[25,37],"problem":[26],"solving":[27],"decision-making":[29,61],"skills)":[30],"task":[32,94,133],"trainers":[33],"immersive":[35],"surgical":[38,89],"skills).":[39],"We":[40,112],"are":[41],"making":[42,125],"use":[43,126],"Game":[45],"Engine":[46],"tools":[47],"for":[48,52,101],"developing":[49],"virtual-world":[50],"scenarios":[51,103],"emergent":[53],"events":[54],"to":[55,86,131],"train":[56],"evaluate":[58],"higher":[60],"skills":[62],"in":[63,105],"endoscopie":[64],"tasks,":[65],"including":[66],"situational":[67],"assessment":[68],"OR":[70,76],"displays":[71],"communications":[73],"within":[74],"team.":[77],"A":[78],"critical":[79],"component":[80],"this":[82],"design":[83],"activity":[84],"is":[85],"capture":[87],"workflow":[90],"using":[91,107],"hierarchical":[93],"analysis":[95],"that":[96,120],"can":[97],"provide":[98],"representation":[100],"implemented":[104],"game":[108],"engine":[109],"scripting":[110],"tools.":[111],"developed":[114],"methodology":[116],"based":[117],"Statecharts":[119],"shortens":[121],"development":[122],"time":[123],"by":[124],"state-based":[128],"patterns,":[129],"extended":[130],"support":[132],"hierarchies.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}