{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4315777585","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gcwkshps56602.2022.10008695","title":"Reciprocity and Secret Key Generation for FDD Systems using Non-Linear Quantization","display_name":"Reciprocity and Secret Key Generation for FDD Systems using Non-Linear Quantization","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4315777585","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gcwkshps56602.2022.10008695"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/gcwkshps56602.2022.10008695","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gcwkshps56602.2022.10008695","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605011","display_name":"2022 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010758264","display_name":"Ehsan Olyaei Torshizi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0724-0907"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193619901","display_name":"Constructor University","ror":"https://ror.org/02yrs2n53","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193619901"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ehsan Olyaei Torshizi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jacobs University Bremen,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Bremen,Germany","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jacobs University Bremen,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Bremen,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193619901"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193619901"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052454991","display_name":"Werner Henkel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4959-8560"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193619901","display_name":"Constructor University","ror":"https://ror.org/02yrs2n53","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193619901"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Werner Henkel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jacobs University Bremen,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Bremen,Germany","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jacobs University Bremen,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Bremen,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193619901"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193619901"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193619901"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5514,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91776842,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"927","last_page":"932"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6297136545181274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.6008172631263733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-generation","display_name":"Key generation","score":0.5842095613479614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.5467965006828308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4859412908554077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reciprocity","display_name":"Reciprocity (cultural anthropology)","score":0.4563989043235779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4434937834739685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.42473864555358887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3324240446090698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3293612003326416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.24649527668952942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.19227692484855652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11726939678192139}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6297136545181274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.6008172631263733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163173736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3308558","display_name":"Key generation","level":3,"score":0.5842095613479614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5467965006828308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4859412908554077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169903001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3264987","display_name":"Reciprocity (cultural anthropology)","level":2,"score":0.4563989043235779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4434937834739685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.42473864555358887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3324240446090698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3293612003326416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.24649527668952942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.19227692484855652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11726939678192139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/gcwkshps56602.2022.10008695","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gcwkshps56602.2022.10008695","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605011","display_name":"2022 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980053810","https://openalex.org/W1984976418","https://openalex.org/W2010873271","https://openalex.org/W2011582944","https://openalex.org/W2030475121","https://openalex.org/W2076919976","https://openalex.org/W2102187818","https://openalex.org/W2131793795","https://openalex.org/W2149808502","https://openalex.org/W2273453296","https://openalex.org/W2290634991","https://openalex.org/W2488265751","https://openalex.org/W2769041090","https://openalex.org/W2804692329","https://openalex.org/W2897627692","https://openalex.org/W2919776248","https://openalex.org/W2956025352","https://openalex.org/W3045685747","https://openalex.org/W4200339013","https://openalex.org/W4206693220","https://openalex.org/W4232853770"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2548963335","https://openalex.org/W2159941915","https://openalex.org/W1995129237","https://openalex.org/W4388081250","https://openalex.org/W2909457694","https://openalex.org/W1761601995","https://openalex.org/W2904599916","https://openalex.org/W4321608401","https://openalex.org/W4300468626","https://openalex.org/W3193749313"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Secret":[0],"key":[1,36,71,182],"generation":[2,72],"based":[3],"on":[4,137],"wireless":[5],"channel":[6,91],"reciprocity":[7,15,97],"has":[8],"received":[9],"quite":[10],"some":[11],"attention,":[12],"recently.":[13],"Channel":[14],"as":[16,88,184],"an":[17],"inherent":[18],"feature":[19],"of":[20,61,210],"time":[21],"division":[22,63],"duplexing":[23],"(TDD)":[24],"systems":[25,66,75],"leads":[26],"to":[27,149,168,188,206],"creating":[28],"cryptographic":[29],"keys":[30],"without":[31],"the":[32,44,47,58,70,82,95,120,125,138,151,154,159,173,194,198,208,211],"need":[33],"for":[34,43,73,109,180,193],"a":[35,89,116,132,146,164,170,189],"exchange":[37],"procedure.":[38],"Using":[39],"different":[40],"carrier":[41],"frequencies":[42],"uplink":[45],"and":[46,67],"downlink,":[48],"however,":[49],"means":[50],"that":[51,93],"there":[52],"is":[53],"no":[54],"such":[55],"symmetry":[56],"in":[57,98,115,124,166],"frequency":[59,62,107,122,156],"response":[60],"duplex":[64],"(FDD)":[65],"it":[68,185],"makes":[69],"these":[74],"challenging.":[76],"In":[77],"this":[78],"paper,":[79],"we":[80,104,130,144],"use":[81,131],"phase":[83,139],"differences":[84,140],"between":[85,141,153],"neighboring":[86,106],"antennas":[87],"frequency-independent":[90],"parameter":[92],"provides":[94],"required":[96],"FDD":[99],"systems.":[100],"For":[101,128],"our":[102],"studies,":[103],"consider":[105],"ranges":[108,123,157],"both":[110],"directions,":[111],"which":[112],"should":[113],"result":[114],"continuous":[117],"curve":[118,134],"through":[119],"two":[121,126,155,160],"directions.":[127,162],"denoising":[129],"polynomial":[133],"fitting":[135],"procedure":[136],"antennas.":[142],"Moreover,":[143],"propose":[145],"non-linear":[147],"scheme":[148],"quantize":[150],"midpoint":[152],"with":[158],"measurement":[161],"As":[163],"consequence,":[165],"contrast":[167],"using":[169],"linear":[171],"scheme,":[172],"proposed":[174,212],"framework":[175],"would":[176],"be":[177],"highly":[178],"desirable":[179],"secret":[181],"applications":[183],"gives":[186],"rise":[187],"more":[190],"uniform":[191],"distribution":[192],"resulting":[195],"histogram":[196],"over":[197],"quantization":[199],"intervals.":[200],"Numerical":[201],"simulation":[202],"results":[203],"are":[204],"shown":[205],"verify":[207],"effectiveness":[209],"method.":[213]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
