{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4315777603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gcwkshps56602.2022.10008522","title":"Deep RL-assisted Energy Harvesting in CR-NOMA Communications for NextG IoT Networks","display_name":"Deep RL-assisted Energy Harvesting in CR-NOMA Communications for NextG IoT Networks","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4315777603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gcwkshps56602.2022.10008522"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/gcwkshps56602.2022.10008522","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gcwkshps56602.2022.10008522","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605011","display_name":"2022 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067179415","display_name":"Syed Asad Ullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4983-7760"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Asad Ullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST),School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science (SEECS),Islamabad,Pakistan,44000"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST),School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science (SEECS),Islamabad,Pakistan,44000","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013041102","display_name":"Shah Zeb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6797-9506"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shah Zeb","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST),School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science (SEECS),Islamabad,Pakistan,44000"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST),School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science (SEECS),Islamabad,Pakistan,44000","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015129195","display_name":"Aamir Mahmood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3717-7793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56475706","display_name":"Mid Sweden University","ror":"https://ror.org/019k1pd13","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56475706"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aamir Mahmood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mid Sweden University,Department of Information Systems & Technology,Sundsvall,Sweden,851 70"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mid Sweden University,Department of Information Systems & Technology,Sundsvall,Sweden,851 70","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56475706"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078865165","display_name":"Syed Ali Hassan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8572-7377"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Ali Hassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST),School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science (SEECS),Islamabad,Pakistan,44000"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST),School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science (SEECS),Islamabad,Pakistan,44000","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004012289","display_name":"Mikael Gidlund","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0873-7827"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56475706","display_name":"Mid Sweden University","ror":"https://ror.org/019k1pd13","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56475706"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mikael Gidlund","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mid Sweden University,Department of Information Systems & Technology,Sundsvall,Sweden,851 70"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mid Sweden University,Department of Information Systems & Technology,Sundsvall,Sweden,851 70","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56475706"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"74","last_page":"79"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7219122648239136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-harvesting","display_name":"Energy harvesting","score":0.6719416379928589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.663154661655426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.6486932635307312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noma","display_name":"Noma","score":0.6220255494117737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.6198358535766602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.5724571943283081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.549981951713562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.5375221967697144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.5072452425956726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4026152789592743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.34837427735328674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3321263790130615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2007051408290863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.18131065368652344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.18010371923446655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16576936841011047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.13024520874023438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08691561222076416}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7219122648239136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101518730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q930236","display_name":"Energy harvesting","level":3,"score":0.6719416379928589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.663154661655426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.6486932635307312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775918612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q994794","display_name":"Noma","level":3,"score":0.6220255494117737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.6198358535766602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.5724571943283081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.549981951713562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.5375221967697144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5072452425956726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4026152789592743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.34837427735328674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3321263790130615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2007051408290863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.18131065368652344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.18010371923446655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16576936841011047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.13024520874023438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08691561222076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/gcwkshps56602.2022.10008522","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gcwkshps56602.2022.10008522","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605011","display_name":"2022 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307330","display_name":"Knowledge Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/00v64cg28"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2154319347","https://openalex.org/W2166926072","https://openalex.org/W2963864421","https://openalex.org/W2981776589","https://openalex.org/W2993586168","https://openalex.org/W3033936606","https://openalex.org/W3098715527","https://openalex.org/W3128699734","https://openalex.org/W3136445001","https://openalex.org/W3170282381","https://openalex.org/W3189204085","https://openalex.org/W3203158143","https://openalex.org/W4210746388","https://openalex.org/W4226499103","https://openalex.org/W4280644686","https://openalex.org/W4286569392","https://openalex.org/W6684205842","https://openalex.org/W6684921986","https://openalex.org/W6838753732"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3030525848","https://openalex.org/W4385197910","https://openalex.org/W2340639785","https://openalex.org/W4404253608","https://openalex.org/W3010814398","https://openalex.org/W4385197899","https://openalex.org/W3005957545","https://openalex.org/W2076432172","https://openalex.org/W3165611029","https://openalex.org/W2370038111"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Zero-energy":[0],"radios":[1],"in":[2,54,68,127],"energy-constrained":[3],"devices":[4],"are":[5],"envisioned":[6],"as":[7,105],"key":[8],"enablers":[9],"to":[10,98],"realizing":[11],"the":[12,30,63,69,90,116,121],"next-generation":[13],"Internet-of-things":[14],"(NG-IoT)":[15],"networks":[16],"for":[17],"ultra-dense":[18],"sensing":[19],"and":[20,27,62,124],"monitoring.":[21],"This":[22],"paper":[23],"presents":[24],"analytical":[25],"modeling":[26],"analysis":[28],"of":[29,34,72,89,129],"energy-efficient":[31],"uplink":[32],"transmission":[33,118],"an":[35],"energyconstrained":[36],"secondary":[37,64,91],"sensor":[38,65,75,92],"operating":[39,134],"opportunistically":[40],"among":[41],"several":[42],"primary":[43,51,74],"sensors.":[44],"The":[45,86],"considered":[46],"scenario":[47],"assumes":[48],"that":[49,115],"all":[50],"sensors":[52],"transmit":[53],"a":[55,77,99,106],"round-robin,":[56],"time":[57,70],"division":[58],"multiple":[59,79],"access-based":[60],"schemes,":[61],"is":[66,93],"admitted":[67],"slot":[71],"each":[73],"using":[76],"nonorthogonal":[78],"access":[80],"technique,":[81],"inspired":[82],"by":[83,95],"cognitive":[84],"radio.":[85],"energy":[87,130],"efficiency":[88,131],"maximized":[94],"exposing":[96],"it":[97],"deep":[100,107],"reinforcement":[101],"learning-based":[102],"algorithm,":[103],"recognized":[104],"deterministic":[108],"policy":[109],"gradient":[110],"(DDPG).":[111],"Our":[112],"results":[113],"demonstrate":[114],"DDPG-based":[117],"scheme":[119],"outperforms":[120],"conventional":[122],"random":[123],"greedy":[125],"algorithms":[126],"terms":[128],"at":[132],"different":[133],"conditions.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}