{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4206939850","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gcwkshps52748.2021.9682125","title":"Vehicular Positioning Using mmWave TDOA with a Dynamically Tuned Covariance Matrix","display_name":"Vehicular Positioning Using mmWave TDOA with a Dynamically Tuned Covariance Matrix","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4206939850","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gcwkshps52748.2021.9682125"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/gcwkshps52748.2021.9682125","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gcwkshps52748.2021.9682125","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605397","display_name":"2021 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080134346","display_name":"Sharief Saleh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1365-417X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sharief Saleh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, Canada","Queen's University, Kingston, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queen's University, Kingston, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034181427","display_name":"Sameh Sorour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3936-7833"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sameh Sorour","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, Canada","School of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091253792","display_name":"Aboelmagd Noureldin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6614-7783"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51768193","display_name":"Royal Military College of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/04yr71909","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51768193"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aboelmagd Noureldin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Royal Military Collage of Canada, Kingston, Canada","School of Computing, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, Canada","School of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Royal Military Collage of Canada, Kingston, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51768193"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080134346"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1637,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88971213,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilateration","display_name":"Multilateration","score":0.8406329154968262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6973650455474854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covariance-matrix","display_name":"Covariance matrix","score":0.6743288636207581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.28345394134521484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.16263934969902039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09695017337799072}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104037064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1640884","display_name":"Multilateration","level":3,"score":0.8406329154968262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6973650455474854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185142706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134404","display_name":"Covariance matrix","level":2,"score":0.6743288636207581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.28345394134521484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.16263934969902039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09695017337799072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/gcwkshps52748.2021.9682125","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gcwkshps52748.2021.9682125","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605397","display_name":"2021 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1620042822","https://openalex.org/W2296816139","https://openalex.org/W2744366673","https://openalex.org/W2791639158","https://openalex.org/W2803186034","https://openalex.org/W2901657287","https://openalex.org/W2927060067","https://openalex.org/W2945361206","https://openalex.org/W2945982571"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2380293945","https://openalex.org/W1972023576","https://openalex.org/W1500522817","https://openalex.org/W1974812937","https://openalex.org/W3095239554","https://openalex.org/W3212409750","https://openalex.org/W4386822298"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"5G/6G":[0,32,144],"small":[1],"cells":[2],"have":[3],"the":[4,25,46,50,75,87,90,104,122,125,130,136,140,173,178,185,197],"potential":[5],"to":[6,44,81,101,110],"enable":[7],"sub-":[8],"meter":[9],"positioning":[10,82,188],"accuracy":[11],"in":[12,56,159,181],"urban":[13],"canyons":[14],"and":[15,62,165,194,199],"downtown":[16,160],"scenarios,":[17],"where":[18],"global":[19],"navigation":[20],"satellite":[21],"systems":[22],"(GNSS)":[23],"suffer":[24],"most.":[26],"In":[27,84],"order":[28],"offer":[29],"a":[30],"robust":[31],"time-based":[33],"trilateration":[34],"position":[35],"solution,":[36],"extended":[37],"Kalman":[38,105],"filter":[39],"(EKF)":[40],"is":[41,96],"usually":[42],"utilized":[43],"estimate":[45],"position.":[47],"One":[48],"of":[49,53,59,89,93,124,129,139],"main":[51],"drawbacks":[52],"EKF":[54,141,179],"lies":[55],"its":[57],"linearization":[58,68,118],"state":[60],"dynamics":[61],"processes,":[63],"which":[64,77],"would":[65,72],"inevitably":[66],"induce":[67,116],"errors.":[69,83],"Such":[70],"errors":[71,95,189],"propagate":[73],"through":[74],"filter,":[76],"will":[78],"eventually":[79],"lead":[80],"this":[85],"paper,":[86],"analysis":[88],"fundamental":[91],"causes":[92],"such":[94],"undergone.":[97],"Additionally,":[98],"we":[99],"propose":[100],"dynamically":[102],"tune":[103],"filter\u2019s":[106],"measurement":[107],"covariance":[108],"matrix":[109],"automatically":[111],"exclude":[112],"base-stations":[113],"(BSs)":[114],"that":[115,162,172],"high":[117],"errors,":[119],"hence,":[120],"mitigating":[121],"limitations":[123],"EKF.":[126],"The":[127,169],"performance":[128],"proposed":[131,174],"method":[132,175],"was":[133],"tested":[134],"against":[135],"traditional":[137,177],"implementation":[138,180],"using":[142],"realistic":[143,157],"signal":[145],"propagation":[146],"data,":[147],"obtained":[148],"from":[149],"Siradel\u2019s":[150],"S_5GChannel":[151],"simulator.":[152],"Our":[153],"simulations":[154],"include":[155],"two":[156],"trajectories":[158,201],"Toronto":[161],"are":[163],"1.63km":[164],"2.69km":[166],"long,":[167],"respectively.":[168,202],"results":[170],"show":[171],"outperforms":[176],"both":[182],"trajectories,":[183],"as":[184],"2D":[186],"RMS/maximum":[187],"were":[190],"reduced":[191],"by":[192],"71.76%/84.11%":[193],"51.18%/35.9%":[195],"for":[196],"first":[198],"second":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
