{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4206955200","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gcwkshps52748.2021.9682017","title":"The Air to Ground Clutter Loss Measurements and Modelling Below 10 GHz","display_name":"The Air to Ground Clutter Loss Measurements and Modelling Below 10 GHz","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4206955200","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gcwkshps52748.2021.9682017"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/gcwkshps52748.2021.9682017","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gcwkshps52748.2021.9682017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605397","display_name":"2021 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058038579","display_name":"Zhimeng Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5878-0930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhimeng Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Huawei Technologies CO., Ltd, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Huawei Technologies CO., Ltd, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025440511","display_name":"Cen Ling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1138-0497"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cen Ling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Huawei Technologies CO., Ltd, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Huawei Technologies CO., Ltd, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058038579"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.145,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79078845,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13905","display_name":"Telecommunications and Broadcasting Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13905","display_name":"Telecommunications and Broadcasting Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.8870255351066589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-height-considerations","display_name":"Antenna height considerations","score":0.6892028450965881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.510261058807373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5074502825737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.5057938098907471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-spectrum","display_name":"Radio spectrum","score":0.4915545880794525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.4883248507976532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4835953116416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.4760132431983948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-band","display_name":"Frequency band","score":0.4586733281612396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.4565238356590271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.4519507586956024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.4476029574871063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terminal","display_name":"Terminal (telecommunication)","score":0.4220523536205292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.2519688010215759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14945873618125916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.1312074363231659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.1110924780368805}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.8870255351066589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155050386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068623","display_name":"Antenna height considerations","level":3,"score":0.6892028450965881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.510261058807373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5074502825737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.5057938098907471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92545706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902174","display_name":"Radio spectrum","level":2,"score":0.4915545880794525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.4883248507976532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4835953116416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4760132431983948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778116611","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25110567","display_name":"Frequency band","level":3,"score":0.4586733281612396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4565238356590271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.4519507586956024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.4476029574871063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779664074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3518405","display_name":"Terminal (telecommunication)","level":2,"score":0.4220523536205292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2519688010215759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14945873618125916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.1312074363231659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.1110924780368805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/gcwkshps52748.2021.9682017","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gcwkshps52748.2021.9682017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605397","display_name":"2021 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7200000286102295,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2554256089","https://openalex.org/W2762420127","https://openalex.org/W2771402204","https://openalex.org/W2776994552","https://openalex.org/W2797071385","https://openalex.org/W2908002359","https://openalex.org/W2972403878","https://openalex.org/W2973516093"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2997547465","https://openalex.org/W2484100172","https://openalex.org/W3109219622","https://openalex.org/W2776062836","https://openalex.org/W4385282352","https://openalex.org/W2766891017","https://openalex.org/W3199841937","https://openalex.org/W2396592261","https://openalex.org/W1965488317","https://openalex.org/W2138735934"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"6G-7G":[0],"Hz":[1,118],"(U6G)":[2],"is":[3,42,67,168,185,224],"one":[4,43],"promising":[5],"frequency":[6,18,98,114,172],"band":[7,19,57],"and":[8,36,122,141,161,216,241],"will":[9,235],"be":[10,49,124,236],"utilized":[11],"in":[12,28,40,58,108,159],"5G":[13,37,59,242],"evolution":[14,38,243],"period,":[15],"but":[16],"this":[17,135],"has":[20,76,149,188],"been":[21,150],"occupied":[22],"by":[23],"non-terrestrial":[24],"network":[25],"(NTN)":[26],"networks":[27],"some":[29],"countries.":[30],"The":[31,232],"interference":[32],"assessment":[33],"between":[34],"NTN":[35,106,147,240],"services":[39],"U6G":[41,56],"of":[44,55,88,130],"key":[45],"issues":[46],"needed":[47],"to":[48,69,119,126,170,226,238],"considered":[50],"before":[51],"the":[52,62,70,86,101,113,127,137,157,165,171,178,182,192,239],"large-scale":[53],"deployment":[54],"evolution.":[60],"Therefore,":[61],"clutter":[63,89,102,138],"loss":[64,90,103,139],"(CL)":[65],"model":[66,84,104,167,234],"pivotal":[68],"different":[71,93,153,205,228],"systems":[72,244],"co-existence":[73,245],"evaluations.":[74],"ITU-R":[75,109],"issued":[77],"a":[78,201],"Recommendation":[79],"(ITU-R":[80],"P.2108)":[81],"giving":[82],"CL":[83,166,180,193,233],"for":[85,96,105,146],"estimation":[87],"at":[91,152],"three":[92],"terminal":[94,128,154,183],"environments":[95],"varied":[97],"range.":[99],"However,":[100],"environment":[107],"P.2108":[110],"only":[111],"supports":[112],"range":[115],"from":[116],"10G":[117,175],"100":[120],"GHz":[121,145],"can":[123],"applicable":[125],"heights":[129,155],"below":[131,143,174],"5":[132],"m.":[133],"In":[134,177],"paper,":[136],"measurement":[140,215],"simulation":[142],"10":[144],"scenario":[148],"conducted":[151],"on":[156,191,212],"ground":[158,206],"urban":[160],"suburban":[162],"environments.":[163],"Furthermore,":[164],"extended":[169],"bands":[173],"Hz.":[176],"proposed":[179],"model,":[181],"height":[184,199,208,230],"considered,":[186],"which":[187],"high":[189],"impact":[190],"results.":[194],"Taking":[195],"4-6m":[196],"base":[197],"station":[198,207],"as":[200],"baseline,":[202],"we":[203],"provide":[204],"results":[209],"analysis":[210],"based":[211],"both":[213],"real":[214],"ray-tracing":[217],"simulation.":[218],"An":[219],"additional":[220],"adjusting":[221],"factor":[222],"\u03b1":[223],"modelled":[225],"reflect":[227],"antenna":[229],"characteristics.":[231],"adopted":[237],"evaluation.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}