{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390874762","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gcaiot61060.2023.10385117","title":"SmokeAway: An Early Smoke Detection IoT Architecture for Outdoors","display_name":"SmokeAway: An Early Smoke Detection IoT Architecture for Outdoors","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390874762","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gcaiot61060.2023.10385117"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/gcaiot61060.2023.10385117","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gcaiot61060.2023.10385117","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE Global Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things (GCAIoT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093719484","display_name":"Lama Alqarafi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23075662","display_name":"Taibah University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xv1nn60","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23075662"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lama Alqarafi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Taibah University,College of Computer Science and Engineering,Department of Computer Science,Medina,Saudi Arabia","Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Engineering, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taibah University,College of Computer Science and Engineering,Department of Computer Science,Medina,Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23075662"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Engineering, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23075662"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093719485","display_name":"Norah Aloufi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23075662","display_name":"Taibah University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xv1nn60","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23075662"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Norah Aloufi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Taibah University,College of Computer Science and Engineering,Department of Computer Science,Medina,Saudi Arabia","Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Engineering, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taibah University,College of Computer Science and Engineering,Department of Computer Science,Medina,Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23075662"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Engineering, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23075662"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093719486","display_name":"Rahaf Alluqmani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23075662","display_name":"Taibah University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xv1nn60","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23075662"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahaf Alluqmani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Taibah University,College of Computer Science and Engineering,Department of Computer Science,Medina,Saudi Arabia","Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Engineering, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taibah University,College of Computer Science and Engineering,Department of Computer Science,Medina,Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23075662"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Engineering, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23075662"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109674253","display_name":"Shatha Alrehaili","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23075662","display_name":"Taibah University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xv1nn60","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23075662"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shatha Alrehaili","raw_affiliation_strings":["Taibah University,College of Computer Science and Engineering,Department of Computer Science,Medina,Saudi Arabia","Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Engineering, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taibah University,College of Computer Science and Engineering,Department of Computer Science,Medina,Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23075662"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Engineering, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23075662"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025708954","display_name":"Modhawi Alotaibi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5205-560X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23075662","display_name":"Taibah University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xv1nn60","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23075662"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Modhawi Alotaibi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Taibah University,College of Computer Science and Engineering,Department of Computer Science,Medina,Saudi Arabia","Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Engineering, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taibah University,College of Computer Science and Engineering,Department of Computer Science,Medina,Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23075662"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Engineering, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23075662"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23075662"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.23759847,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"23","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12597","display_name":"Fire Detection and Safety Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12597","display_name":"Fire Detection and Safety Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11500","display_name":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7364909052848816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.6844803094863892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.6630059480667114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoke","display_name":"Smoke","score":0.6005347967147827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.5487174391746521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambient-intelligence","display_name":"Ambient intelligence","score":0.4122902750968933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.40486863255500793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4001341462135315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15892872214317322}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7364909052848816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.6844803094863892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.6630059480667114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58874564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130768","display_name":"Smoke","level":2,"score":0.6005347967147827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.5487174391746521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201638289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q457396","display_name":"Ambient intelligence","level":2,"score":0.4122902750968933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.40486863255500793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4001341462135315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15892872214317322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/gcaiot61060.2023.10385117","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gcaiot61060.2023.10385117","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE Global Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things (GCAIoT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6899999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1508960934","https://openalex.org/W2099386276","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2531409750","https://openalex.org/W2947516080","https://openalex.org/W3046170061","https://openalex.org/W3086844398","https://openalex.org/W3126517847","https://openalex.org/W3152647699","https://openalex.org/W4200555195","https://openalex.org/W4210300573","https://openalex.org/W4235397869","https://openalex.org/W4245888765","https://openalex.org/W4246193833","https://openalex.org/W4318777648","https://openalex.org/W4405361344","https://openalex.org/W6630486035","https://openalex.org/W6763710828"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4394991182","https://openalex.org/W4245926026","https://openalex.org/W2328698228","https://openalex.org/W4311097251","https://openalex.org/W2586548817","https://openalex.org/W4288693901","https://openalex.org/W830499452","https://openalex.org/W2353278981","https://openalex.org/W2495534660","https://openalex.org/W2382876515"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,24,120],"lack":[1],"of":[2,16,26,46,61,122,152],"available":[3],"smoke":[4,28,36],"detectors":[5,29],"outdoors":[6],"constitutes":[7],"a":[8,40,89,106,116],"significant":[9],"factor":[10],"contributing":[11],"to":[12,92,101,138,154],"the":[13,44,50,59,69],"rapid":[14],"spread":[15],"fires":[17],"before":[18],"effective":[19],"containment":[20],"can":[21],"be":[22],"achieved.":[23],"integration":[25],"outdoor":[27,97],"helps":[30],"tremendously":[31],"with":[32],"reducing":[33],"fire":[34],"and":[35,49,64,79,94,115,133,149],"hazards,":[37],"consequently":[38],"fostering":[39],"safe":[41],"environment.":[42],"With":[43],"emergence":[45],"smart":[47],"cities":[48],"revolutionary":[51],"shift":[52],"in":[53],"relying":[54],"on":[55,112],"technologies":[56],"such":[57],"as":[58],"Internet":[60],"Things":[62],"(IoT)":[63],"artificial":[65],"intelligence":[66],"(AI)":[67],"tools,":[68],"current":[70],"stage":[71],"requires":[72],"developing":[73],"systems":[74],"that":[75,110],"integrate":[76],"these":[77],"tools":[78],"leverage":[80],"them.":[81],"To":[82],"address":[83],"that,":[84],"this":[85],"paper":[86],"presents":[87],"\"SmokeAway,\"":[88],"reliable":[90],"system":[91],"promptly":[93],"accurately":[95],"detect":[96],"smoke.":[98],"In":[99],"order":[100],"do":[102],"so,":[103],"we":[104],"propose":[105],"layered":[107],"IoT":[108],"architecture":[109],"relies":[111],"computer":[113],"vision":[114],"deep":[117],"learning":[118],"model.":[119],"efficacy":[121],"our":[123,141],"model":[124,142],"is":[125],"assessed":[126],"through":[127],"two":[128],"key":[129],"performance":[130],"metrics:":[131],"accuracy":[132,150],"categorical":[134],"cross-entropy":[135],"loss.":[136],"Compared":[137],"other":[139],"models,":[140],"has":[143],"achieved":[144],"notably":[145],"low":[146],"loss":[147],"values,":[148],"rates":[151],"up":[153],"96%,":[155],"outperforming":[156],"alternate":[157],"models.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
