{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4295768443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fuzz-ieee55066.2022.9882821","title":"Focus! Rating XAI Methods and Finding Biases","display_name":"Focus! Rating XAI Methods and Finding Biases","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4295768443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fuzz-ieee55066.2022.9882821"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/fuzz-ieee55066.2022.9882821","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fuzz-ieee55066.2022.9882821","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608205","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2117/373903","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019656391","display_name":"Anna Arias-Duart","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8819-6735"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799803557","display_name":"Barcelona Supercomputing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05sd8tv96","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799803557","https://openalex.org/I9617848"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anna Arias-Duart","raw_affiliation_strings":["Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC),Barcelona,Spain","Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC),Barcelona,Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848","https://openalex.org/I2799803557"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848","https://openalex.org/I2799803557"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075205682","display_name":"Ferran Par\u00e9s","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8329-0343"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799803557","display_name":"Barcelona Supercomputing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05sd8tv96","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799803557","https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ferran Pares","raw_affiliation_strings":["Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848","https://openalex.org/I2799803557"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010831226","display_name":"Dario Garc\u00eda-Gasulla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6732-5641"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799803557","display_name":"Barcelona Supercomputing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05sd8tv96","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799803557","https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dario Garcia-Gasulla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848","https://openalex.org/I2799803557"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081818290","display_name":"V\u00edctor Gim\u00e9nez-\u00c1balos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4514-6145"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799803557","display_name":"Barcelona Supercomputing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05sd8tv96","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799803557","https://openalex.org/I9617848"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victor Gimenez-Abalos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848","https://openalex.org/I2799803557"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019656391"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799803557","https://openalex.org/I9617848"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0699,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95251722,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.953499972820282,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9345999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.6994138360023499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6307315230369568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34453755617141724}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.6994138360023499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6307315230369568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34453755617141724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/fuzz-ieee55066.2022.9882821","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fuzz-ieee55066.2022.9882821","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608205","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/373903","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2117/373903","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207057","display_name":"QRU Quaderns de Recerca en Urbanisme","issn_l":"2014-9689","issn":["2014-9689","2385-6777"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322448","host_organization_name":"Q71272178","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322448"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Q71272178"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference report"},{"id":"pmh:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/381159","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2117/381159","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207057","display_name":"QRU Quaderns de Recerca en Urbanisme","issn_l":"2014-9689","issn":["2014-9689","2385-6777"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322448","host_organization_name":"Q71272178","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322448"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Q71272178"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/373903","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2117/373903","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207057","display_name":"QRU Quaderns de Recerca en Urbanisme","issn_l":"2014-9689","issn":["2014-9689","2385-6777"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322448","host_organization_name":"Q71272178","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322448"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Q71272178"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference report"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2017605187","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"H2020 Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2020622295","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Big Data","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G417740753","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"INFRAIA-01-2018-2019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4937468798","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"H2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5577442034","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DI 2018-100","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321505","funder_display_name":"Generalitat de Catalunya"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7926685355","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"87104","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8051717526","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8274803949","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"871042","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G899169222","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"871042","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321505","display_name":"Generalitat de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/01bg62x04"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1787224781","https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2152161678","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2195388612","https://openalex.org/W2282821441","https://openalex.org/W2594633041","https://openalex.org/W2605409611","https://openalex.org/W2732026016","https://openalex.org/W2765793020","https://openalex.org/W2776207810","https://openalex.org/W2785523195","https://openalex.org/W2953073956","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W2963847595","https://openalex.org/W2972441196","https://openalex.org/W2997520586","https://openalex.org/W3085380432","https://openalex.org/W3197347140","https://openalex.org/W4221114191","https://openalex.org/W4287634290","https://openalex.org/W4293861706","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6734194636","https://openalex.org/W6736518430","https://openalex.org/W6739575509","https://openalex.org/W6740934225","https://openalex.org/W6747620207","https://openalex.org/W6754669440","https://openalex.org/W6760904063","https://openalex.org/W6783213970","https://openalex.org/W6784308623"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"AI":[0],"explainability":[1,22,153],"improves":[2],"the":[3,11,20,28,41,85,105,118,134,137,190],"transparency":[4],"and":[5,61,117,159,192],"trustworthiness":[6],"of":[7,13,30,43,112,136,142,185,194],"models.":[8,198],"However,":[9,51],"in":[10,197,203],"domain":[12],"images,":[14],"where":[15],"deep":[16],"learning":[17],"has":[18],"succeeded":[19],"most,":[21],"is":[23,108],"still":[24],"poorly":[25],"assessed.":[26],"In":[27,66],"field":[29],"image":[31],"recognition":[32],"many":[33],"feature":[34,76],"attribution":[35,77],"methods":[36,64,166],"have":[37,54],"been":[38,55],"proposed":[39],"with":[40],"purpose":[42],"explaining":[44],"a":[45,71,98,126,140],"model\u2019s":[46],"behavior":[47],"using":[48,187],"visual":[49,127],"cues.":[50],"no":[52],"metrics":[53],"established":[56],"so":[57],"far":[58],"to":[59,80,84,94,100,149,167],"assess":[60],"select":[62],"these":[63,120],"objectively.":[65],"this":[67],"paper":[68],"we":[69,96,124,132,146,181],"propose":[70],"consistent":[72],"evaluation":[73],"score":[74],"for":[75,189],"methods\u2014the":[78],"Focus\u2014designed":[79],"quantify":[81],"their":[82],"coherency":[83],"task.":[86],"While":[87],"most":[88],"previous":[89],"work":[90],"adds":[91],"out-of-distribution":[92],"noise":[93,102],"samples,":[95],"introduce":[97,182],"methodology":[99],"add":[101],"from":[103,114],"within":[104],"distribution.":[106],"This":[107,199],"done":[109],"through":[110,139],"mosaics":[111],"instances":[113],"different":[115],"classes,":[116],"explanations":[119,177],"generate.":[121],"On":[122],"those,":[123],"compute":[125],"pseudo-precision":[128],"metric,":[129],"Focus.":[130],"First,":[131],"show":[133],"robustness":[135],"approach":[138],"set":[141],"randomization":[143],"experiments.":[144],"Then":[145],"use":[147],"Focus":[148],"compare":[150],"six":[151],"popular":[152],"techniques":[154],"across":[155],"several":[156],"CNN":[157],"architectures":[158],"classification":[160],"datasets.":[161],"Our":[162],"results":[163],"find":[164],"some":[165],"be":[168],"consistently":[169],"reliable":[170],"(LRP,":[171],"GradCAM),":[172],"while":[173],"others":[174],"produce":[175],"class-agnostic":[176],"(SmoothGrad,":[178],"IG).":[179],"Finally":[180],"another":[183,204],"application":[184],"Focus,":[186],"it":[188],"identification":[191],"characterization":[193],"biases":[195],"found":[196],"empowers":[200],"bias-management":[201],"tools,":[202],"small":[205],"step":[206],"towards":[207],"trustworthy":[208],"AI.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
