{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4295767719","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fuzz-ieee55066.2022.9882759","title":"Confidence path regularization for handling label uncertainty in semi-supervised learning: use case in bipolar disorder monitoring","display_name":"Confidence path regularization for handling label uncertainty in semi-supervised learning: use case in bipolar disorder monitoring","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4295767719","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fuzz-ieee55066.2022.9882759"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/fuzz-ieee55066.2022.9882759","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fuzz-ieee55066.2022.9882759","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608205","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11586/413722","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075672177","display_name":"Kamil Kmita","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8829-2420"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99542240","display_name":"Polish Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01dr6c206","country_code":"PL","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99542240"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66083562","display_name":"Systems Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0111cp837","country_code":"PL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66083562","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kamil Kmita","raw_affiliation_strings":["Polish Academy of Sciences,Systems Research Institute,Warsaw,Poland","Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Polish Academy of Sciences,Systems Research Institute,Warsaw,Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66083562","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66083562","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038778858","display_name":"Gabriella Casalino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0713-2260"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5561750","display_name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","ror":"https://ror.org/027ynra39","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriella Casalino","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bari Aldo Moro,Computer Science Dept.,Bari,Italy","Computer Science Dept., University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bari Aldo Moro,Computer Science Dept.,Bari,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Dept., University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050227787","display_name":"Giovanna Castellano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6489-8628"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5561750","display_name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","ror":"https://ror.org/027ynra39","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanna Castellano","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bari Aldo Moro,Computer Science Dept.,Bari,Italy","Computer Science Dept., University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bari Aldo Moro,Computer Science Dept.,Bari,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Dept., University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023109012","display_name":"Olgierd Hryniewicz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9877-508X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66083562","display_name":"Systems Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0111cp837","country_code":"PL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66083562","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99542240","display_name":"Polish Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01dr6c206","country_code":"PL","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99542240"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olgierd Hryniewicz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Polish Academy of Sciences,Systems Research Institute,Warsaw,Poland","Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Polish Academy of Sciences,Systems Research Institute,Warsaw,Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66083562","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66083562","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090397097","display_name":"Katarzyna Kaczmarek\u2010Majer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0422-9366"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66083562","display_name":"Systems Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0111cp837","country_code":"PL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66083562","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99542240","display_name":"Polish Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01dr6c206","country_code":"PL","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99542240"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katarzyna Kaczmarek-Majer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Polish Academy of Sciences,Systems Research Institute,Warsaw,Poland","Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Polish Academy of Sciences,Systems Research Institute,Warsaw,Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66083562","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66083562","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075672177"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66083562","https://openalex.org/I99542240"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6137,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65434439,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11220","display_name":"Water Systems and Optimization","score":0.9882000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regularization","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","score":0.778212308883667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6436734199523926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5682087540626526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5502257347106934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-confidence","display_name":"Low Confidence","score":0.5108525156974792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4938271939754486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supervised-learning","display_name":"Supervised learning","score":0.4804491698741913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3588913679122925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.14089375734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.10030344128608704}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776135515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17143721","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.778212308883667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6436734199523926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5682087540626526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5502257347106934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909755999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4751126","display_name":"Low Confidence","level":2,"score":0.5108525156974792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4938271939754486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136389625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334384","display_name":"Supervised learning","level":3,"score":0.4804491698741913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3588913679122925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.14089375734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.10030344128608704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/fuzz-ieee55066.2022.9882759","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fuzz-ieee55066.2022.9882759","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608205","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ricerca.uniba.it:11586/413722","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11586/413722","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196296","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Bari Aldo Moro)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5561750","host_organization_name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ricerca.uniba.it:11586/413722","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11586/413722","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196296","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Bari Aldo Moro)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5561750","host_organization_name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2005912592","https://openalex.org/W2078979416","https://openalex.org/W2090777335","https://openalex.org/W2095075148","https://openalex.org/W2099189653","https://openalex.org/W2226450201","https://openalex.org/W2232160917","https://openalex.org/W2620673134","https://openalex.org/W2746791238","https://openalex.org/W2807661964","https://openalex.org/W2951863938","https://openalex.org/W2952361104","https://openalex.org/W2962762068","https://openalex.org/W2967052791","https://openalex.org/W2971345800","https://openalex.org/W2994472006","https://openalex.org/W2996060033","https://openalex.org/W2996108195","https://openalex.org/W3036586801","https://openalex.org/W3106611824","https://openalex.org/W3190778472","https://openalex.org/W3198815918","https://openalex.org/W3204667605","https://openalex.org/W4200127707","https://openalex.org/W4287388854","https://openalex.org/W4287716221","https://openalex.org/W4288095202","https://openalex.org/W6689727051","https://openalex.org/W6738763127","https://openalex.org/W6762161020","https://openalex.org/W6762563763","https://openalex.org/W6767678101","https://openalex.org/W6768848008","https://openalex.org/W6771630921","https://openalex.org/W6780530918","https://openalex.org/W6785764886","https://openalex.org/W6788329692"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4224009465","https://openalex.org/W1670153145","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W4300427796","https://openalex.org/W4286629047","https://openalex.org/W2021131614","https://openalex.org/W4285328440","https://openalex.org/W4226172683","https://openalex.org/W4313644201"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Semi-supervised":[0],"learning":[1],"has":[2],"gained":[3],"great":[4],"interest":[5],"because":[6],"of":[7,45,106,158,180,224,253],"its":[8],"ability":[9],"to":[10,55,120,220,236,255],"combine":[11],"unlabeled":[12],"data":[13,76,198,219],"with":[14,82,123,193,245,260],"\u2013":[15,18],"potentially":[16,90],"few":[17],"labeled":[19,81,171,197],"observations":[20,122,254],"in":[21,26,42,92,184,241],"a":[22,51,128,151],"training":[23],"process.":[24],"However,":[25],"some":[27,61],"application":[28,205],"contexts,":[29],"one":[30],"can":[31],"question":[32],"whether":[33],"all":[34,75],"available":[35],"labels":[36,112,242],"are":[37,80,113],"equally":[38],"valid.":[39],"For":[40],"example,":[41],"the":[43,57,66,68,83,96,104,111,141,166,178,185,222,231,238,246,251,256],"context":[44],"bipolar":[46],"disorder":[47],"(BD)":[48],"remote":[49],"monitoring,":[50],"common":[52],"practice":[53],"is":[54,150,191,228],"extrapolate":[56],"psychiatrist\u2019s":[58],"assessment":[59],"onto":[60],"fixed":[62],"time":[63],"window":[64],"surrounding":[65],"visit,":[67],"so-called":[69],"ground":[70,262],"truth":[71,263],"period.":[72],"In":[73,99,173,209],"consequence,":[74],"from":[77,203],"this":[78,100,138,210],"period":[79,264],"same":[84,257],"category.":[85],"Such":[86],"an":[87],"approach":[88,149,234,248],"may":[89,117],"result":[91],"misguided":[93],"supervision":[94],"affecting":[95],"model\u2019s":[97],"performance.":[98],"paper,":[101],"we":[102,214],"consider":[103],"problem":[105],"label":[107,159],"uncertainty,":[108],"assuming":[109],"that":[110,136,230],"crisp,":[114],"but":[115],"they":[116],"be":[118],"assigned":[119],"particular":[121,211],"varying":[124,239],"confidence.":[125,187],"We":[126,161],"propose":[127],"novel":[129,152],"method":[130,153,190],"called":[131],"Confidence":[132],"Path":[133],"Regularization":[134],"(CPR)":[135],"incorporates":[137],"uncertainty":[139],"into":[140],"fuzzy":[142],"c-means":[143],"semi-supervised":[144],"learning.":[145],"The":[146,188],"proposed":[147,189,232],"CPR":[148,175,233],"for":[154,169,177,206],"automatic,":[155],"data-driven":[156],"handling":[157],"uncertainty.":[160],"achieve":[162],"it":[163],"by":[164],"estimating":[165],"confidence":[167,225,240],"factor":[168],"each":[170],"observation.":[172],"addition,":[174],"allows":[176],"exploration":[179],"potential":[181],"class-specific":[182],"patterns":[183],"adjusted":[186],"illustrated":[192],"experiments":[194],"on":[195],"partially":[196],"about":[199],"speech":[200],"characteristics":[201],"collected":[202],"smartphone":[204],"BD":[207],"monitoring.":[208],"applied":[212],"scenario,":[213],"also":[215],"use":[216],"additional":[217],"contextual":[218],"improve":[221],"construction":[223],"paths.":[226],"It":[227],"shown":[229],"enables":[235],"reflect":[237],"as":[243],"compared":[244],"nominal":[247],"which":[249],"assigns":[250],"majority":[252],"class":[258],"associated":[259],"relevant":[261]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
