{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2897913490","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fuzz-ieee.2018.8491595","title":"A preliminary study on Hybrid Spill-Tree Fuzzy k-Nearest Neighbors for big data classification","display_name":"A preliminary study on Hybrid Spill-Tree Fuzzy k-Nearest Neighbors for big data classification","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2897913490","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fuzz-ieee.2018.8491595","mag":"2897913490"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/fuzz-ieee.2018.8491595","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fuzz-ieee.2018.8491595","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1175103","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012082459","display_name":"Jes\u00fas Maillo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7520-9496"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jesus Maillo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, Granada, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015587020","display_name":"Juli\u00e1n Luengo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3952-3629"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julian Luengo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, Granada, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078909305","display_name":"Salvador Garc\u00eda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4494-7565"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salvador Garcia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, Granada, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045016749","display_name":"Francisco Herrera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7283-312X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francisco Herrera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, Granada, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075541426","display_name":"Isaac Triguero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0150-0651"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isaac Triguero","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012082459"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1402,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84040168,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"117","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10538","display_name":"Data Mining Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7465347647666931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.6415287256240845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6357667446136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5649774074554443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.5553344488143921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/k-nearest-neighbors-algorithm","display_name":"k-nearest neighbors algorithm","score":0.5202444791793823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5073625445365906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-set","display_name":"Fuzzy set","score":0.46817415952682495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4536608159542084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/replicate","display_name":"Replicate","score":0.44094833731651306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.157327800989151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.0884893536567688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.07720905542373657}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7465347647666931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.6415287256240845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6357667446136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5649774074554443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.5553344488143921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113238511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071612","display_name":"k-nearest neighbors algorithm","level":2,"score":0.5202444791793823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5073625445365906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42011625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1055058","display_name":"Fuzzy set","level":3,"score":0.46817415952682495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4536608159542084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781162219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26250693","display_name":"Replicate","level":2,"score":0.44094833731651306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.157327800989151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0884893536567688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07720905542373657}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/fuzz-ieee.2018.8491595","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fuzz-ieee.2018.8491595","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:nottingham-repository.worktribe.com:1175103","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1175103","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402483","display_name":"Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","host_organization_name":"University of Nottingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"acceptedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:nottingham-repository.worktribe.com:1175103","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1175103","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402483","display_name":"Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","host_organization_name":"University of Nottingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"acceptedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W161262974","https://openalex.org/W1485408073","https://openalex.org/W1542270631","https://openalex.org/W1570448133","https://openalex.org/W2040895929","https://openalex.org/W2049623605","https://openalex.org/W2049644877","https://openalex.org/W2098994397","https://openalex.org/W2122111042","https://openalex.org/W2131975293","https://openalex.org/W2145065594","https://openalex.org/W2157355837","https://openalex.org/W2170605888","https://openalex.org/W2173213060","https://openalex.org/W2174053585","https://openalex.org/W2341060459","https://openalex.org/W2747637521","https://openalex.org/W3120740533","https://openalex.org/W6679815717","https://openalex.org/W6684723771","https://openalex.org/W6743117494"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4254851101","https://openalex.org/W3171007296","https://openalex.org/W22115721","https://openalex.org/W2321234655","https://openalex.org/W2065444835","https://openalex.org/W4394550905","https://openalex.org/W2470062578","https://openalex.org/W2952773340","https://openalex.org/W2981861370","https://openalex.org/W2116242695"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,36,59,84,157,207],"Fuzzy":[1,112,135,146,188],"k":[2],"Nearest":[3],"Neighbor":[4],"(Fuzzy":[5],"kNN)":[6],"classifier":[7],"is":[8,53,62,162],"well":[9],"known":[10],"for":[11,43,64,70,190],"its":[12],"effectiveness":[13],"in":[14,47,76,182,195,212],"supervised":[15],"learning":[16],"problems.":[17],"kNN":[18,41,92,113,147,189],"classifies":[19,87],"by":[20],"comparing":[21],"new":[22],"incoming":[23],"examples":[24],"with":[25,104,171,186,199,217],"a":[26],"similarity":[27],"function":[28],"using":[29],"the":[30,33,40,44,48,66,74,90,96,111,130,134,165,187,196,213,220],"samples":[31],"of":[32,39,55,73,110,133,159,201],"training":[34],"set.":[35],"fuzzy":[37,67],"version":[38],"accounts":[42],"underlying":[45],"uncertainty":[46],"class":[49,99],"labels,":[50],"and":[51,144,168,184,215],"it":[52],"composed":[54],"two":[56],"different":[57],"stages.":[58],"first":[60],"one":[61],"responsible":[63],"calculating":[65],"membership":[68,100],"degree":[69],"each":[71],"sample":[72],"problem":[75],"order":[77],"to":[78,89,128,163,169,203,219],"obtain":[79],"smoother":[80],"boundaries":[81],"between":[82],"classes.":[83],"second":[85],"stage":[86],"similarly":[88],"standard":[91],"algorithm":[93,114],"but":[94],"uses":[95],"previously":[97],"calculated":[98],"degree.":[101],"To":[102],"deal":[103,170],"very":[105],"large":[106],"datasets,":[107],"distributed":[108,145],"versions":[109],"have":[115],"been":[116],"proposed.":[117],"However,":[118],"existing":[119,194],"approaches":[120],"remain":[121],"not":[122],"fully":[123],"scalable":[124],"as":[125],"they":[126],"aim":[127,158],"replicate":[129],"exact":[131,222],"behavior":[132],"kNN.":[136],"In":[137,177],"this":[138,160],"work,":[139],"we":[140,180],"present":[141],"an":[142,210],"approximate":[143],"approach":[148],"based":[149],"on":[150],"Hybrid":[151],"Spill-Tree":[152],"implemented":[153],"under":[154],"Apache":[155],"Spark.":[156],"model":[161],"alleviate":[164],"scalability":[166],"problems":[167,193],"big":[172,191],"datasets":[173,200],"maintaining":[174],"high":[175],"accuracy.":[176],"our":[178],"experiments,":[179],"compare":[181],"precision":[183],"runtime":[185,214],"data":[192],"literature,":[197],"running":[198],"up":[202],"11":[204],"million":[205],"instances.":[206],"results":[208],"show":[209],"improvement":[211],"accuracy":[216],"respect":[218],"previous":[221],"model.":[223]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}