{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2093303089","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fpt.2014.7082790","title":"Hardware architecture of bi-cubic convolution interpolation for real-time image scaling","display_name":"Hardware architecture of bi-cubic convolution interpolation for real-time image scaling","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2093303089","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fpt.2014.7082790","mag":"2093303089"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/fpt.2014.7082790","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fpt.2014.7082790","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 International Conference on Field-Programmable Technology (FPT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041747019","display_name":"Gopinath Mahale","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6950-0834"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gopinath Mahale","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Science","INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Science","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002021146","display_name":"Hamsika Mahale","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1419-8182"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamsika Mahale","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Science","INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Science","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023211862","display_name":"Rajesh Babu Parimi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajesh Babu Parimi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Science","INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Science","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112000841","display_name":"S. K. Nandy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. K. Nandy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Science","INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Science","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101816833","display_name":"Sarani Bhattacharya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4190-2671"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9579091","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Mandi","ror":"https://ror.org/05r9r2f34","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9579091"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Bhattacharya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi","Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9579091"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9579091"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3596,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61719649,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"264","last_page":"267"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpolation","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","score":0.7523593902587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-scaling","display_name":"Image scaling","score":0.7468008399009705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7202503085136414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.6340125799179077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grayscale","display_name":"Grayscale","score":0.6242371797561646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolution","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","score":0.6183337569236755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.596993088722229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.5430088043212891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaling","display_name":"Scaling","score":0.5307984948158264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/column","display_name":"Column (typography)","score":0.4760686755180359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-science","display_name":"Computational science","score":0.47484853863716125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4298708438873291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.41778475046157837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.28761520981788635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.2534732222557068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.19428405165672302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.16937988996505737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.11276915669441223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.07908353209495544}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137800194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11713455","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","level":3,"score":0.7523593902587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27405340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q440296","display_name":"Image scaling","level":4,"score":0.7468008399009705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7202503085136414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.6340125799179077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78201319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685727","display_name":"Grayscale","level":3,"score":0.6242371797561646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.6183337569236755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.596993088722229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.5430088043212891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.5307984948158264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780551164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2306599","display_name":"Column (typography)","level":3,"score":0.4760686755180359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.47484853863716125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4298708438873291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41778475046157837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.28761520981788635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.2534732222557068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.19428405165672302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16937988996505737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.11276915669441223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.07908353209495544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/fpt.2014.7082790","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fpt.2014.7082790","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 International Conference on Field-Programmable Technology (FPT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.5400000214576721}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1496286872","https://openalex.org/W1569409624","https://openalex.org/W1925257894","https://openalex.org/W2032356325","https://openalex.org/W2063589338","https://openalex.org/W2063987927","https://openalex.org/W2102332952","https://openalex.org/W2113524221","https://openalex.org/W2136366631","https://openalex.org/W2141605988","https://openalex.org/W2157494358","https://openalex.org/W2163423121","https://openalex.org/W2165589608","https://openalex.org/W2172171018","https://openalex.org/W6640190588","https://openalex.org/W6680200300","https://openalex.org/W6683752055","https://openalex.org/W6684938941"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W115686965","https://openalex.org/W2768918307","https://openalex.org/W2110031805","https://openalex.org/W2040020606","https://openalex.org/W4362659915","https://openalex.org/W2050926897","https://openalex.org/W2113071088","https://openalex.org/W2321543601","https://openalex.org/W2972861887","https://openalex.org/W1603537081"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"two":[3],"hardware":[4],"architectures":[5,29,56,70],"of":[6,34,91],"bi-cubic":[7],"convolution":[8],"interpolation":[9],"termed":[10],"Parallelized":[11],"Row":[12,19],"Column":[13,20],"Interpolation":[14,21],"Architecture":[15,22],"(PRCIA)":[16],"and":[17,40,74,82,100],"Serialized":[18],"(SRCIA)":[23],"for":[24,65],"real-time":[25],"image":[26],"scaling.":[27],"These":[28],"factor":[30],"in":[31,50,113],"the":[32,54,63],"challenges":[33],"high":[35],"computational":[36],"complexity,":[37],"redundant":[38],"computations":[39,60],"repeated":[41],"memory":[42],"accesses,":[43],"which":[44],"were":[45],"otherwise":[46],"not":[47],"explicitly":[48],"addressed":[49],"existing":[51],"architectures.":[52],"Besides,":[53],"proposed":[55,69],"also":[57],"employ":[58],"parallel":[59],"to":[61,86,94,111],"improve":[62],"throughput":[64],"realtime":[66],"applications.":[67],"The":[68,79],"have":[71],"been":[72],"emulated":[73,80],"tested":[75],"on":[76],"Virtex-6":[77],"FPGA.":[78],"PRCIA":[81],"SRCIA":[83],"are":[84],"able":[85],"scale":[87],"input":[88],"grayscale":[89],"images":[90],"dimensions":[92],"up":[93,110],"640":[95],"\u00d7":[96],"480":[97],"at":[98],"59":[99],"48":[101],"frames":[102],"per":[103],"second":[104],"respectively":[105],"with":[106],"arbitrary":[107],"scaling":[108],"factors":[109],"4":[112],"both":[114],"dimensions.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}