{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1981550505","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fpt.2010.5681425","title":"Design space exploration for sparse matrix-matrix multiplication on FPGAs","display_name":"Design space exploration for sparse matrix-matrix multiplication on FPGAs","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1981550505","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fpt.2010.5681425","mag":"1981550505"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/fpt.2010.5681425","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fpt.2010.5681425","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 International Conference on Field-Programmable Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007933442","display_name":"Colin Yu Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Colin Yu Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100459107","display_name":"Zheng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2292-0030"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072120057","display_name":"Ngai Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3026-0108"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ngai Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020581824","display_name":"Hayden Kwok\u2010Hay So","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6514-0237"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hayden Kwok-Hay So","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4505,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9510639,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"369","last_page":"372"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix-multiplication","display_name":"Matrix multiplication","score":0.7811195850372314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6302387714385986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.5635975003242493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.5251169800758362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","score":0.5181035399436951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-space-exploration","display_name":"Design space exploration","score":0.5119730234146118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sparse-matrix","display_name":"Sparse matrix","score":0.5054640769958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-size","display_name":"Block size","score":0.49268871545791626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.4877396523952484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplication","display_name":"Multiplication (music)","score":0.46546268463134766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.35173022747039795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.22604450583457947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.21466296911239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1911332905292511}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17349429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049914","display_name":"Matrix multiplication","level":3,"score":0.7811195850372314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6302387714385986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5635975003242493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.5251169800758362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5181035399436951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776221188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21072556","display_name":"Design space exploration","level":2,"score":0.5119730234146118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56372850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1050404","display_name":"Sparse matrix","level":3,"score":0.5054640769958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41431624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053357","display_name":"Block size","level":3,"score":0.49268871545791626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.4877396523952484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780595030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3860309","display_name":"Multiplication (music)","level":2,"score":0.46546268463134766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.35173022747039795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.22604450583457947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.21466296911239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1911332905292511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/fpt.2010.5681425","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fpt.2010.5681425","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 International Conference on Field-Programmable Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:hub.hku.hk:10722/129664","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10722/129664","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196271","display_name":"The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","host_organization_name":"University of Hong Kong","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference_Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2107356030","https://openalex.org/W2108308693","https://openalex.org/W2249727112","https://openalex.org/W6691296549"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4287593139","https://openalex.org/W3099313426","https://openalex.org/W2086146848","https://openalex.org/W4206811032","https://openalex.org/W2995605830","https://openalex.org/W4239424132","https://openalex.org/W2596457687","https://openalex.org/W3212757063","https://openalex.org/W2086123442","https://openalex.org/W2093666864"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"design":[1,45,63],"and":[2,29,49,64,86,107,118,124,143],"implementation":[3],"of":[4,15,20,36,39,56,105],"a":[5],"sparse":[6],"matrix-matrix":[7,96,131],"multiplication":[8,97],"architecture":[9,62,81],"on":[10],"FPGAs":[11],"is":[12,90],"presented.":[13],"Performance":[14],"the":[16,26,37,40,43,61,69,102,114,129],"design,":[17],"in":[18,60,68,91,134],"terms":[19],"computational":[21,80],"latency,":[22],"as":[23,25],"well":[24],"associated":[27],"power-delay":[28,48,85,119],"energy-delay":[30,50,87,139],"tradeoff":[31],"are":[32,147],"studied.":[33],"Taking":[34],"advantage":[35],"sparsity":[38],"input":[41],"matrices,":[42],"proposed":[44],"allows":[46,74],"user-tunable":[47],"tradeoffs":[51],"by":[52],"employing":[53],"different":[54,65,78,83],"number":[55,104],"processing":[57],"elements":[58],"(PEs)":[59],"block":[66,109,126,145],"size":[67,127,146],"blocking":[70],"decomposition.":[71],"Such":[72],"ability":[73],"designers":[75],"to":[76,93,136],"employ":[77],"on-chip":[79],"for":[82,128],"system":[84],"requirements.":[88],"It":[89],"contrast":[92],"conventional":[94],"dense":[95],"architectures":[98],"that":[99],"always":[100],"favor":[101],"maximum":[103],"PEs":[106,123,142],"largest":[108],"size.":[110],"In":[111],"our":[112],"implementation,":[113],"better":[115,138],"energy":[116],"consumption":[117],"product":[120],"favors":[121],"less":[122],"smaller":[125],"90%-sparsity":[130],"multiplications.":[132],"While":[133],"order":[135],"achieve":[137],"product,":[140],"more":[141],"larger":[144],"preferred.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
