{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1583243647","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fpt.2002.1188725","title":"Energy efficiency of FPGAs and programmable processors for matrix multiplication","display_name":"Energy efficiency of FPGAs and programmable processors for matrix multiplication","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1583243647","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fpt.2002.1188725","mag":"1583243647"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/fpt.2002.1188725","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fpt.2002.1188725","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2002 IEEE International Conference on Field-Programmable Technology, 2002. (FPT). Proceedings.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080319525","display_name":"Ronald Scrofano","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Scrofano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109895640","display_name":"Seonil Choi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116219","display_name":"Engineering Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02qg60849","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seonil Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering-Systems, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering-Systems, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212","https://openalex.org/I4210116219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033166029","display_name":"Viktor K. Prasanna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1609-8589"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116219","display_name":"Engineering Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02qg60849","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V.K. Prasanna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering-Systems, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering-Systems, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212","https://openalex.org/I4210116219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1538,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86539577,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2483","issue":null,"first_page":"422","last_page":"425"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.8139308094978333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processing","display_name":"Digital signal processing","score":0.6877303123474121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.681136965751648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.660651445388794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix-multiplication","display_name":"Matrix multiplication","score":0.6486000418663025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplication","display_name":"Multiplication (music)","score":0.6061665415763855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.5219885110855103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.5170617699623108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-latency","display_name":"Low latency (capital markets)","score":0.5052192807197571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.4748818278312683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4332680404186249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.43200817704200745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3977741599082947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.24361342191696167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10225555300712585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09408760070800781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.07175403833389282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.056294411420822144}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.8139308094978333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.6877303123474121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.681136965751648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.660651445388794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17349429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049914","display_name":"Matrix multiplication","level":3,"score":0.6486000418663025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780595030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3860309","display_name":"Multiplication (music)","level":2,"score":0.6061665415763855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.5219885110855103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.5170617699623108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46637626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6693015","display_name":"Low latency (capital markets)","level":2,"score":0.5052192807197571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.4748818278312683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4332680404186249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.43200817704200745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3977741599082947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.24361342191696167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10225555300712585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09408760070800781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.07175403833389282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.056294411420822144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/fpt.2002.1188725","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fpt.2002.1188725","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2002 IEEE International Conference on Field-Programmable Technology, 2002. (FPT). Proceedings.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.135.6355","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.135.6355","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://halcyon.usc.edu/~pk/prasannawebsite/papers/scrofanofpt02.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1492580319","https://openalex.org/W1493602245","https://openalex.org/W1511216606","https://openalex.org/W1791017232","https://openalex.org/W1820065643","https://openalex.org/W1885706698","https://openalex.org/W2030922743","https://openalex.org/W2101258501","https://openalex.org/W2104895125","https://openalex.org/W2144450815","https://openalex.org/W2170510975","https://openalex.org/W6638433071","https://openalex.org/W6675539769"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3099313426","https://openalex.org/W4287593139","https://openalex.org/W752783541","https://openalex.org/W1506547947","https://openalex.org/W2995605830","https://openalex.org/W4206811032","https://openalex.org/W2086123442","https://openalex.org/W2596457687","https://openalex.org/W3212757063","https://openalex.org/W3137340192"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Advances":[0],"in":[1,24,37,96],"their":[2],"technologies":[3],"have":[4,49],"positioned":[5],"FPGAs":[6,63,89],"and":[7,29,35,76],"embedded":[8,33],"processors":[9,15],"to":[10],"compete":[11],"with":[12,72],"digital":[13],"signal":[14,97],"(DSPs).":[16],"In":[17],"this":[18],"paper,":[19],"we":[20,48],"evaluate":[21],"the":[22,62,81,90],"performance":[23],"terms":[25],"of":[26,31,53,56,85],"both":[27,73],"latency":[28,75],"energy-efficiency":[30],"FPGAs,":[32],"processors,":[34],"DSPs":[36],"multiplying":[38],"two":[39,66,83],"n":[40,43,67,70],"/spl":[41,68],"times/":[42,69],"matrices.":[44],"As":[45],"specific":[46],"examples,":[47],"chosen":[50],"a":[51],"representative":[52],"each":[54],"type":[55],"device.":[57],"Our":[58],"results":[59],"show":[60],"that":[61],"can":[64],"multiply":[65],"matrices":[71],"lower":[74,77],"energy":[78],"consumption":[79],"than":[80],"other":[82],"types":[84],"devices.":[86],"This":[87],"makes":[88],"ideal":[91],"choice":[92],"for":[93],"matrix":[94],"multiplication":[95],"processing":[98],"applications.":[99]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
