{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2086908167","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/formalise.2013.6612276","title":"Recommendations for improving the usability of formal methods for product lines","display_name":"Recommendations for improving the usability of formal methods for product lines","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2086908167","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/formalise.2013.6612276","mag":"2086908167"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/formalise.2013.6612276","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/formalise.2013.6612276","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 1st FME Workshop on Formal Methods in Software Engineering (FormaliSE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000279490","display_name":"Joanne M. Atlee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0760-526X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joanne M. Atlee","raw_affiliation_strings":["David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004481978","display_name":"Sandy Beidu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandy Beidu","raw_affiliation_strings":["David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003038141","display_name":"Nancy A. Day","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1422-692X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nancy A. Day","raw_affiliation_strings":["David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011331492","display_name":"Fathiyeh Faghih","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8877-6895"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fathiyeh Faghih","raw_affiliation_strings":["David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023543451","display_name":"Pourya Shaker","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pourya Shaker","raw_affiliation_strings":["David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000279490"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8474,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93630123,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7436","issue":null,"first_page":"43","last_page":"49"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7408434152603149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usable","display_name":"USable","score":0.7120558023452759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.6803538799285889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-methods","display_name":"Formal methods","score":0.6778200268745422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.6534783840179443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-specification","display_name":"Formal specification","score":0.5289504528045654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotation-formalisms-in-three-dimensions","display_name":"Rotation formalisms in three dimensions","score":0.4737730324268341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-verification","display_name":"Formal verification","score":0.45069509744644165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.4373226463794708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.33144405484199524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.23821067810058594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.20326513051986694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.16650685667991638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14877083897590637}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7408434152603149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780615836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2471869","display_name":"USable","level":2,"score":0.7120558023452759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.6803538799285889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75606506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049183","display_name":"Formal methods","level":2,"score":0.6778200268745422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.6534783840179443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116253237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437424","display_name":"Formal specification","level":2,"score":0.5289504528045654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171018156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7370306","display_name":"Rotation formalisms in three dimensions","level":2,"score":0.4737730324268341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111498074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173326","display_name":"Formal verification","level":2,"score":0.45069509744644165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4373226463794708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.33144405484199524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.23821067810058594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.20326513051986694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.16650685667991638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14877083897590637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/formalise.2013.6612276","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/formalise.2013.6612276","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 1st FME Workshop on Formal Methods in Software Engineering (FormaliSE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6100000143051147,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W128940437","https://openalex.org/W1489391022","https://openalex.org/W1491716768","https://openalex.org/W1497843565","https://openalex.org/W1505618619","https://openalex.org/W1511496623","https://openalex.org/W1517173520","https://openalex.org/W1600581889","https://openalex.org/W1612453857","https://openalex.org/W1967180522","https://openalex.org/W1996832037","https://openalex.org/W1996883319","https://openalex.org/W2000623793","https://openalex.org/W2002454301","https://openalex.org/W2022615696","https://openalex.org/W2024160016","https://openalex.org/W2025383609","https://openalex.org/W2049497188","https://openalex.org/W2075642720","https://openalex.org/W2099213660","https://openalex.org/W2115309705","https://openalex.org/W2117189826","https://openalex.org/W2120119918","https://openalex.org/W2121396013","https://openalex.org/W2125767667","https://openalex.org/W2129289644","https://openalex.org/W2130195901","https://openalex.org/W2131878172","https://openalex.org/W2132609582","https://openalex.org/W2140225592","https://openalex.org/W2149112249","https://openalex.org/W2149539327","https://openalex.org/W2153690411","https://openalex.org/W2156817008","https://openalex.org/W2159124591","https://openalex.org/W2159152974","https://openalex.org/W2159292690","https://openalex.org/W2161253570","https://openalex.org/W2164024695","https://openalex.org/W2167672803","https://openalex.org/W2183677651","https://openalex.org/W4233493270","https://openalex.org/W4242102241","https://openalex.org/W4243493946","https://openalex.org/W6630705985","https://openalex.org/W6636501790","https://openalex.org/W6675205218","https://openalex.org/W6679769159"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2009291520","https://openalex.org/W1903167137","https://openalex.org/W2171674700","https://openalex.org/W2145025660","https://openalex.org/W1922520186","https://openalex.org/W1544097700","https://openalex.org/W1946493810","https://openalex.org/W1495250406","https://openalex.org/W17088386","https://openalex.org/W1608485412"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"there":[1,25],"may":[2],"be":[3,15],"general":[4],"agreement":[5],"on":[6,35,91],"what":[7,36],"it":[8],"means":[9],"for":[10,59,94],"a":[11,79,111,134,138],"formal":[12,62,70,92,127,139],"method":[13],"to":[14,39,48,67,84,126],"usable":[16,41],"(e.g.,":[17,77],"ease":[18],"of":[19,97,110,122,137],"modelling,":[20,71],"automated":[21,72,75],"and":[22,74,142],"scalable":[23],"analysis),":[24],"is":[26],"no":[27],"consensus":[28],"in":[29,69,105,114,129],"the":[30,82,123],"software-engineering":[31],"or":[32],"formal-methods":[33],"communities":[34],"strategies":[37,53],"lead":[38],"more":[40],"formalisms.":[42],"In":[43],"this":[44,106],"paper,":[45],"we":[46],"aim":[47],"raise":[49],"discussion":[50],"around":[51],"such":[52],"by":[54],"proposing":[55],"fourteen":[56],"concrete":[57],"recommendations":[58,65,89,124],"achieving":[60],"practical":[61],"methods.":[63],"Our":[64,88],"apply":[66,125],"research":[68,112],"analysis,":[73],"transformation":[76],"transforming":[78],"model":[80],"into":[81],"input":[83],"an":[85,117,143],"analysis":[86],"tool).":[87],"focus":[90],"methods":[93,128],"functional":[95],"requirements":[96],"software":[98],"product":[99],"lines,":[100],"as":[101,108],"per":[102],"our":[103,149],"experience":[104],"area":[107],"part":[109],"project":[113],"collaboration":[115],"with":[116],"automotive":[118],"manufacturer;":[119],"however,":[120],"most":[121],"general.":[130],"We":[131],"also":[132],"provide":[133],"brief":[135],"overview":[136],"modelling":[140],"language":[141],"underdevelopment":[144],"tool":[145],"chain":[146],"that":[147],"realizes":[148],"recommendations.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}