{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4226510704","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fmec54266.2021.9732414","title":"Internet-Wide Scanner Fingerprint Identifier Based on TCP/IP Header","display_name":"Internet-Wide Scanner Fingerprint Identifier Based on TCP/IP Header","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4226510704","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fmec54266.2021.9732414"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/fmec54266.2021.9732414","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fmec54266.2021.9732414","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 Sixth International Conference on Fog and Mobile Edge Computing (FMEC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072328427","display_name":"Akira Tanaka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2623-8151"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90023481","display_name":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/016bgq349","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90023481"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135598925","display_name":"Kyushu University","ror":"https://ror.org/00p4k0j84","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135598925"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Akira Tanaka","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Information and Communications Technology,Tokyo,Japan","Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan","National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90023481"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135598925"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90023481"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068829903","display_name":"Chansu Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1728-5300"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90023481","display_name":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/016bgq349","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90023481"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chansu Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Information and Communications Technology,Tokyo,Japan","National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90023481"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90023481"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029032117","display_name":"Takeshi Takahashi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6477-7770"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90023481","display_name":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/016bgq349","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90023481"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takeshi Takahashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Information and Communications Technology,Tokyo,Japan","National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90023481"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90023481"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067662454","display_name":"Katsuki Fujisawa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8549-641X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135598925","display_name":"Kyushu University","ror":"https://ror.org/00p4k0j84","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135598925"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katsuki Fujisawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kyushu University,Fukuoka,Japan","Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kyushu University,Fukuoka,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135598925"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135598925"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072328427"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135598925","https://openalex.org/I90023481"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9599,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78163415,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"119","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8019766807556152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","score":0.7948184013366699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/header","display_name":"Header","score":0.7795206904411316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scanner","display_name":"Scanner","score":0.7353930473327637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.5705857872962952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identifier","display_name":"Identifier","score":0.5667775869369507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.5561776161193848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.5211160778999329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint-recognition","display_name":"Fingerprint recognition","score":0.5121981501579285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4882667064666748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4682406485080719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4578060805797577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3703683614730835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.1177125871181488}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8019766807556152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777826928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3745713","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","level":2,"score":0.7948184013366699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48105269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141160","display_name":"Header","level":2,"score":0.7795206904411316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779751349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474480","display_name":"Scanner","level":2,"score":0.7353930473327637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.5705857872962952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154504017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853614","display_name":"Identifier","level":2,"score":0.5667775869369507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.5561776161193848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5211160778999329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168406668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178022","display_name":"Fingerprint recognition","level":3,"score":0.5121981501579285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4882667064666748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4682406485080719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4578060805797577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3703683614730835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.1177125871181488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/fmec54266.2021.9732414","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fmec54266.2021.9732414","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 Sixth International Conference on Fog and Mobile Edge Computing (FMEC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:t2r2.star.titech.ac.jp:50704078","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://t2r2.star.titech.ac.jp/cgi-bin/publicationinfo.cgi?q_publication_content_number=CTT100919326","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196385","display_name":"Tokyo Tech Research Repository (Tokyo Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114531698","host_organization_name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:t2r2.star.titech.ac.jp:50729849","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://t2r2.star.titech.ac.jp/cgi-bin/publicationinfo.cgi?q_publication_content_number=CTT100931462","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196385","display_name":"Tokyo Tech Research Repository (Tokyo Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114531698","host_organization_name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W284347760","https://openalex.org/W2055159505","https://openalex.org/W2109599309","https://openalex.org/W2114398364","https://openalex.org/W2743785144","https://openalex.org/W2748868501","https://openalex.org/W2947969447","https://openalex.org/W2991553767","https://openalex.org/W3034722371","https://openalex.org/W3036824467","https://openalex.org/W3040628207","https://openalex.org/W3091110052","https://openalex.org/W3171395508","https://openalex.org/W4242912132","https://openalex.org/W4247909786","https://openalex.org/W6610362903","https://openalex.org/W6677217071","https://openalex.org/W6743493502","https://openalex.org/W6779919997","https://openalex.org/W6824418168"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3014822659","https://openalex.org/W4362496757","https://openalex.org/W4389371618","https://openalex.org/W2117826006","https://openalex.org/W2566091814","https://openalex.org/W2114937328","https://openalex.org/W4312797710","https://openalex.org/W2148654711","https://openalex.org/W2608025327","https://openalex.org/W1621827506"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Identifying":[0],"individual":[1],"scan":[2,79,138],"activities":[3],"is":[4,110],"a":[5,65,69,88],"crucial":[6],"and":[7,29,56,80,135,150],"challenging":[8],"activity":[9],"for":[10],"mitigating":[11],"emerging":[12],"cyber":[13,147],"threats":[14],"or":[15],"gaining":[16],"insights":[17],"into":[18,71],"security":[19],"scans.":[20],"Sophisticated":[21],"adversaries":[22],"distribute":[23],"their":[24],"scans":[25,35,49,59],"over":[26],"multiple":[27],"hosts":[28],"operate":[30],"with":[31,145],"stealth;":[32],"therefore,":[33],"low-rate":[34],"hide":[36],"beneath":[37],"other":[38,81],"benign":[39],"traffic.":[40,82,130],"Although":[41],"previous":[42],"studies":[43],"attempted":[44],"to":[45,62,75,91,154],"discover":[46],"such":[47,113],"stealth":[48],"by":[50],"observing":[51],"the":[52,72,78,93,99,104,111,133,143,156],"distribution":[53],"of":[54,98,106,158],"ports":[55],"hosts,":[57],"well-organized":[58],"are":[60],"difficult":[61],"find.":[63],"However,":[64],"scanner":[66,152],"can":[67],"embed":[68],"fingerprint":[70,95],"packet":[73],"fields":[74],"distinguish":[76],"between":[77],"In":[83],"this":[84,109],"study,":[85],"we":[86,141],"propose":[87],"new":[89],"algorithm":[90,101],"identify":[92],"flexible":[94],"in":[96],"consideration":[97],"genetic":[100],"idea.":[102],"To":[103],"best":[105],"our":[107,159],"knowledge,":[108],"first":[112],"attempt.":[114],"We":[115,131],"successfully":[116],"identified":[117],"previously":[118],"unknown":[119],"fingerprints":[120],"rather":[121],"than":[122],"existing":[123],"ones":[124],"through":[125],"numer-ical":[126],"experiments":[127],"on":[128],"darknet":[129],"analyzed":[132],"packets":[134],"discovered":[136],"distinctive":[137],"activities.":[139],"Further,":[140],"collated":[142],"results":[144],"both":[146],"threat":[148],"intelligence":[149],"investigation/large-scale":[151],"lists":[153],"ascertain":[155],"reliability":[157],"model.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}