{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2968197850","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fmec.2019.8795319","title":"Intrusion Detection for IoT Devices based on RF Fingerprinting using Deep Learning","display_name":"Intrusion Detection for IoT Devices based on RF Fingerprinting using Deep Learning","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2968197850","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fmec.2019.8795319","mag":"2968197850"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/fmec.2019.8795319","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fmec.2019.8795319","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 Fourth International Conference on Fog and Mobile Edge Computing (FMEC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015171644","display_name":"Joshua Bassey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3307-3252"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173268674","display_name":"Texas A&M University System","ror":"https://ror.org/0034eay46","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173268674"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I250520410","display_name":"Prairie View A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/0449kf092","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I250520410"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joshua Bassey","raw_affiliation_strings":["CREDIT Research Center, Texas A&amp;M University System, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA","CREDIT Research Center, Texas A&M University System, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CREDIT Research Center, Texas A&amp;M University System, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I250520410"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CREDIT Research Center, Texas A&M University System, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173268674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046282905","display_name":"Damilola Adesina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4131-448X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I250520410","display_name":"Prairie View A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/0449kf092","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I250520410"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173268674","display_name":"Texas A&M University System","ror":"https://ror.org/0034eay46","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173268674"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Damilola Adesina","raw_affiliation_strings":["CREDIT Research Center, Texas A&amp;M University System, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA","CREDIT Research Center, Texas A&M University System, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CREDIT Research Center, Texas A&amp;M University System, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I250520410"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CREDIT Research Center, Texas A&M University System, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173268674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063982441","display_name":"Xiangfang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0334-4733"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I250520410","display_name":"Prairie View A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/0449kf092","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I250520410"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173268674","display_name":"Texas A&M University System","ror":"https://ror.org/0034eay46","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173268674"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangfang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["CREDIT Research Center, Texas A&amp;M University System, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA","CREDIT Research Center, Texas A&M University System, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CREDIT Research Center, Texas A&amp;M University System, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I250520410"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CREDIT Research Center, Texas A&M University System, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173268674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085031765","display_name":"Lijun Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1577-3359"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173268674","display_name":"Texas A&M University System","ror":"https://ror.org/0034eay46","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173268674"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I250520410","display_name":"Prairie View A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/0449kf092","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I250520410"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lijun Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["CREDIT Research Center, Texas A&amp;M University System, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA","CREDIT Research Center, Texas A&M University System, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CREDIT Research Center, Texas A&amp;M University System, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I250520410"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CREDIT Research Center, Texas A&M University System, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173268674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088781157","display_name":"Alexander Aved","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7015-7359"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1280414376","display_name":"United States Air Force Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2egq70","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280414376","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I4210102105","https://openalex.org/I4389425425"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Aved","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Directorate, US Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), Rome, NY 13441, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Directorate, US Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), Rome, NY 13441, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280414376"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054814620","display_name":"Timothy Kroecker","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1280414376","display_name":"United States Air Force Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2egq70","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280414376","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I4210102105","https://openalex.org/I4389425425"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timothy Kroecker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Directorate, US Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), Rome, NY 13441, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Directorate, US Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), Rome, NY 13441, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280414376"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015171644"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173268674","https://openalex.org/I250520410"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.775,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":58,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95997158,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"98","last_page":"104"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7425748705863953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.63507479429245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion-detection-system","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","score":0.6189212203025818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint-recognition","display_name":"Fingerprint recognition","score":0.41850078105926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3946654200553894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","score":0.3570224642753601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3360995054244995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7425748705863953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.63507479429245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.6189212203025818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168406668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178022","display_name":"Fingerprint recognition","level":3,"score":0.41850078105926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3946654200553894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777826928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3745713","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3570224642753601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3360995054244995}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/fmec.2019.8795319","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fmec.2019.8795319","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 Fourth International Conference on Fog and Mobile Edge Computing (FMEC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2022956935","https://openalex.org/W2083804560","https://openalex.org/W2118661197","https://openalex.org/W2118728867","https://openalex.org/W2141474904","https://openalex.org/W2254387803","https://openalex.org/W2273396394","https://openalex.org/W2402043120","https://openalex.org/W2546811795","https://openalex.org/W2596636257","https://openalex.org/W2734408173","https://openalex.org/W2767429593","https://openalex.org/W2775220042","https://openalex.org/W2791256362","https://openalex.org/W2809706118","https://openalex.org/W2815513874","https://openalex.org/W2906836969","https://openalex.org/W2962970834","https://openalex.org/W2963083182","https://openalex.org/W2963090019","https://openalex.org/W2963798233","https://openalex.org/W3184998487","https://openalex.org/W6656503433","https://openalex.org/W6691749348","https://openalex.org/W6745434554","https://openalex.org/W6746845476","https://openalex.org/W7038994942","https://openalex.org/W7052518534"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3014822659","https://openalex.org/W2117826006","https://openalex.org/W1621827506","https://openalex.org/W4362496757","https://openalex.org/W2051501574","https://openalex.org/W2124627279","https://openalex.org/W2050967184","https://openalex.org/W2566091814","https://openalex.org/W2114937328","https://openalex.org/W2148654711"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Internet":[0],"of":[1,12,30,148,154,215],"Things":[2],"(IoT)":[3],"and":[4,14,50,123,170,173],"4G/5G":[5],"wireless":[6,34],"networks":[7],"have":[8,22],"added":[9],"huge":[10],"number":[11],"devices":[13,21,68,103,136,201,232],"new":[15,231],"services,":[16],"where":[17],"commercial-of-the-shelf":[18],"(COTS)":[19],"IoT":[20,53,102,189],"been":[23],"deployed":[24],"extensively.":[25],"To":[26],"ensure":[27,152],"secure":[28],"operations":[29],"these":[31],"systems":[32],"with":[33],"transmission":[35],"capabilities,":[36],"Radio":[37],"Frequency":[38],"(RF)":[39],"surveillance":[40],"is":[41,97,110,161,197],"important":[42],"to":[43,58,84,99,126,151,163,187,199,229],"monitor":[44],"their":[45],"activities":[46],"in":[47,56,82],"RF":[48,113,128,168],"spectrum":[49],"detect":[51,100],"unauthorized":[52,101],"devices.":[54,190],"Specifically,":[55],"order":[57,83],"prevent":[59],"an":[60],"adversary":[61],"from":[62,69,132,166],"impersonating":[63],"legitimate":[64],"users":[65],"using":[66,104],"identical":[67],"the":[70,155,167,178,194,213],"same":[71],"manufacturer,":[72],"unique":[73],"\u201csignatures\u201d":[74],"must":[75],"be":[76],"obtained":[77],"for":[78,226],"every":[79],"individual":[80],"device":[81,121],"uniquely":[85],"identify":[86,188,200],"each":[87],"device.":[88],"In":[89],"this":[90],"study,":[91],"a":[92,138,146],"novel":[93],"intrusion":[94],"detection":[95],"method":[96,109,196],"proposed":[98,108,195],"deep":[105,216],"learning.":[106],"The":[107,143,181,208],"based":[111,118,140,218],"on":[112,177],"fingerprinting":[114],"since":[115],"physical":[116],"layer":[117],"features":[119,165,183],"are":[120,130,175,184,203,235],"specific":[122],"more":[124],"difficult":[125],"impersonate.":[127],"traces":[129,144],"collected":[131],"six":[133],"\u201cidentical\u201d":[134],"ZigBee":[135],"via":[137],"USRP":[139],"test":[141],"bed.":[142],"span":[145],"range":[147],"Signal-to-Noise":[149],"Ratio,":[150],"robustness":[153],"model.":[156],"A":[157],"convolutional":[158],"neural":[159],"network":[160],"used":[162],"extract":[164],"traces,":[169],"dimension":[171],"reduction":[172],"de-correlation":[174],"performed":[176],"extracted":[179],"features.":[180],"reduced":[182],"then":[185],"clustered":[186],"We":[191],"show":[192,223],"that":[193,202,234],"able":[198,228],"not":[204,210,236],"observed":[205,237],"during":[206,238],"training.":[207,239],"results":[209],"only":[211],"highlight":[212],"benefit":[214],"learning":[217],"feature":[219],"extraction,":[220],"but":[221],"also":[222],"promising":[224],"prospects":[225],"being":[227],"distinguish":[230],"(classes)":[233]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-28T08:17:26.163206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
