{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7130596297","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fllm67465.2025.11391215","title":"Prompt Injection Detection and Mitigation with AI Multiagent NLP-based Agentic Frameworks","display_name":"Prompt Injection Detection and Mitigation with AI Multiagent NLP-based Agentic Frameworks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7130596297","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fllm67465.2025.11391215"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/fllm67465.2025.11391215","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fllm67465.2025.11391215","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 3rd International Conference on Foundation and Large Language Models (FLLM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126402210","display_name":"Diego Gosmar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I324488015","display_name":"Casper L\u00edbero Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/031vwce94","country_code":"BR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I324488015"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142780","display_name":"Turin Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/042xrxv40","country_code":"UZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142780"]}],"countries":["BR","UZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diego Gosmar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Polytechnic University of Turin, Mu Nu Chapter of IEEE-HKN","Voiceinteroperability.ai, Linux Foundation AI and Data"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Polytechnic University of Turin, Mu Nu Chapter of IEEE-HKN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142780"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Voiceinteroperability.ai, Linux Foundation AI and Data","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I324488015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022751300","display_name":"Deborah A. Dahl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3389-2784"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I324488015","display_name":"Casper L\u00edbero Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/031vwce94","country_code":"BR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I324488015"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deborah A. Dahl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Voiceinteroperability.ai, Linux Foundation AI and Data"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Voiceinteroperability.ai, Linux Foundation AI and Data","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I324488015"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120788492","display_name":"Dario Gosmar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I324488015","display_name":"Casper L\u00edbero Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/031vwce94","country_code":"BR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I324488015"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142780","display_name":"Turin Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/042xrxv40","country_code":"UZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142780"]}],"countries":["BR","UZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dario Gosmar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Polytechnic University of Turin, Mu Nu Chapter of IEEE-HKN","Voiceinteroperability.ai, Linux Foundation AI and Data"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Polytechnic University of Turin, Mu Nu Chapter of IEEE-HKN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142780"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Voiceinteroperability.ai, Linux Foundation AI and Data","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I324488015"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.396,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89389718,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"923","last_page":"930"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.47029998898506165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.47029998898506165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.21279999613761902,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.05260000005364418,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.5814999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.5813000202178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metadata","display_name":"Metadata","score":0.4187000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability-assessment","display_name":"Vulnerability assessment","score":0.38760000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-injection","display_name":"Fault injection","score":0.38029998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.3549000024795532}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5814999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.5813000202178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46540001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93518851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180160","display_name":"Metadata","level":2,"score":0.4187000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3991999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167063184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1400839","display_name":"Vulnerability assessment","level":3,"score":0.38760000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775928411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2041312","display_name":"Fault injection","level":3,"score":0.38029998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.3549000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776889888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135789","display_name":"Unintended consequences","level":2,"score":0.34380000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.29429998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780416260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2063","display_name":"JSON","level":2,"score":0.2874999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.2809999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2689000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.25429999828338623}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/fllm67465.2025.11391215","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fllm67465.2025.11391215","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 3rd International Conference on Foundation and Large Language Models (FLLM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4393861235"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Prompt":[0,113],"injection":[1,29,50,58,66,76,88,96],"is":[2],"a":[3,19,83,125,161],"significant":[4,84],"challenge":[5],"for":[6,74,101,142],"generative":[7],"AI":[8,41,144],"systems":[9],"because":[10],"it":[11],"can":[12],"lead":[13],"to":[14,26,43,123,169],"unintended":[15],"outputs.":[16],"We":[17],"introduce":[18],"Multiagent":[20],"NLP-based":[21],"experimental":[22,80],"framework,":[23],"specifically":[24],"designed":[25],"address":[27,170],"prompt":[28,65,95,175],"vulnerabilities":[30],"through":[31],"layered":[32],"detection":[33,93],"and":[34,48,70,90,117,159],"metadata":[35],"mechanisms.":[36],"The":[37,79,132],"framework":[38,141],"orchestrates":[39],"specialized":[40],"agents":[42],"generate":[44],"responses,":[45],"detect":[46],"vulnerabilities,":[47],"mitigate":[49],"effects.":[51],"An":[52],"empirical":[53],"evaluation":[54],"of":[55,94,174],"500":[56],"engineered":[57],"prompts":[59,73],"was":[60],"conducted,":[61],"with":[62],"ten":[63],"different":[64],"categories":[67],"properly":[68],"generated":[69],"shuffled":[71],"(50":[72],"each":[75],"attack":[77],"category).":[78],"results":[81],"show":[82],"reduction":[85],"in":[86],"the":[87,135,171],"score":[89],"an":[91],"increased":[92],"markers,":[97],"indicating":[98],"potential":[99],"applications":[100],"mitigation.":[102],"Novel":[103],"metrics\u2014including":[104],"Injection":[105,128],"Success":[106],"Rate":[107,115],"(ISR),":[108],"Policy":[109],"Override":[110],"Frequency":[111],"(POF),":[112],"Sanitization":[114],"(PSR),":[116],"Compliance":[118],"Consistency":[119],"Score":[120,130],"(CCS)\u2014are":[121],"proposed":[122],"derive":[124],"composite":[126],"Total":[127],"Vulnerability":[129],"(TIVS).":[131],"system":[133],"utilizes":[134],"vendor-independent":[136],"OFP":[137],"(Open":[138],"Floor":[139],"Protocol)":[140],"agentic":[143],"communication":[145],"via":[146],"structured":[147],"JSON":[148],"messages.":[149],"It":[150],"encapsulates":[151],"APIs":[152],"using":[153],"natural":[154],"language":[155],"while":[156],"also":[157],"comparing":[158],"extending":[160],"previously":[162],"established":[163],"multiagent":[164],"experiment":[165],"on":[166],"hallucination":[167],"mitigation":[168],"specific":[172],"challenges":[173],"injection.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-02-20T17:44:18.066148","created_date":"2026-02-20T00:00:00"}