{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4310357186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fie56618.2022.9962417","title":"Using Drawings to Understand Impacts of Soft Robotics Activity on Elementary Age Students\u2019 Perceptions of Robots","display_name":"Using Drawings to Understand Impacts of Soft Robotics Activity on Elementary Age Students\u2019 Perceptions of Robots","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4310357186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fie56618.2022.9962417"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/fie56618.2022.9962417","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fie56618.2022.9962417","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607793","display_name":"2022 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE)","issn_l":"0190-5848","issn":["0190-5848","2377-634X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005182241","display_name":"Sara Lamer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sara Lamer","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois Urbana Champaign,Department of Bioengineering,Urbana,IL","Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois Urbana Champaign,Department of Bioengineering,Urbana,IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076495981","display_name":"Aasiyah Adnan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aasiyah Adnan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois Urbana Champaign,Department of Bioengineering,Urbana,IL","Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois Urbana Champaign,Department of Bioengineering,Urbana,IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044507574","display_name":"Elizabeth McNeela","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elizabeth McNeela","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois Urbana Champaign,Department of Bioengineering,Urbana,IL","Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois Urbana Champaign,Department of Bioengineering,Urbana,IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018972581","display_name":"Thomas Tran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7034-9486"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Tran","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois Urbana Champaign,Department of Bioengineering,Urbana,IL","Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois Urbana Champaign,Department of Bioengineering,Urbana,IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038150171","display_name":"Holly Golecki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3691-0420"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Holly Golecki","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois Urbana Champaign,Department of Bioengineering,Urbana,IL","Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois Urbana Champaign,Department of Bioengineering,Urbana,IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.927,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95563365,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13827","display_name":"Mechatronics Education and Applications","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10672","display_name":"Design Education and Practice","score":0.9865000247955322,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.7825853824615479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.773227870464325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics","display_name":"Robotics","score":0.7509642839431763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6374661922454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5097898840904236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.48544842004776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.457946240901947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3769005835056305}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.7825853824615479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.773227870464325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34413123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978","display_name":"Robotics","level":3,"score":0.7509642839431763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6374661922454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5097898840904236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.48544842004776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.457946240901947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3769005835056305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/fie56618.2022.9962417","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fie56618.2022.9962417","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607793","display_name":"2022 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE)","issn_l":"0190-5848","issn":["0190-5848","2377-634X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W157075689","https://openalex.org/W1960409914","https://openalex.org/W2079574144","https://openalex.org/W2166893379","https://openalex.org/W2262104057","https://openalex.org/W2548714592","https://openalex.org/W2575091292","https://openalex.org/W2751480096","https://openalex.org/W2755382747","https://openalex.org/W2797804386","https://openalex.org/W2971654712","https://openalex.org/W2982220543","https://openalex.org/W3029268093","https://openalex.org/W3127128092","https://openalex.org/W4251981726","https://openalex.org/W6606449927","https://openalex.org/W6750605709"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1508899372","https://openalex.org/W2012658348","https://openalex.org/W2039460805","https://openalex.org/W4250956039","https://openalex.org/W4240485100","https://openalex.org/W4254970379","https://openalex.org/W2056130799","https://openalex.org/W2045758229","https://openalex.org/W405964254","https://openalex.org/W4392646554"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"Innovative":[1],"Practice":[2],"article":[3],"aims":[4],"to":[5,30,63,91,97,180,223,263,273],"address":[6],"the":[7,36,44,89,163,195,213,228,249,282,286],"gender":[8,37,45,287],"disparities":[9],"that":[10,49,55,269],"persist":[11],"across":[12],"traditional":[13,40,292],"engineering":[14,33,121,293],"disciplines":[15],"including":[16],"mechanical":[17],"and":[18,61,70,82,107,175,187,219,231,235,241,291],"electrical":[19],"engineering.":[20,74],"Participation":[21],"in":[22,32,39,59,120,254,289],"K12":[23,41],"educational":[24],"robotics":[25,42,51,60,95,234,253,267,276],"is":[26,52,270],"a":[27,53,134,165,172,198,204,244],"common":[28],"foundation":[29],"enrollment":[31],"majors,":[34],"however":[35],"gap":[38],"perpetuates":[43],"disparity.":[46],"We":[47,132,206,261],"hypothesize":[48],"soft":[50,94,224,252],"field":[54],"may":[56],"promote":[57],"interest":[58],"appeal":[62],"young":[64],"female":[65,279],"students\u2019":[66,229],"enthusiasm":[67],"for":[68,111,129,278],"bioengineering":[69],"healthcare":[71],"applications":[72],"of":[73,109,116,159,185,233,243,251,284],"Our":[75],"previous":[76,170],"work":[77],"has":[78],"focused":[79],"on":[80],"middle":[81],"high":[83],"school":[84,128],"curricula.":[85],"However,":[86],"after":[87,220],"having":[88],"opportunity":[90],"bring":[92],"our":[93],"curriculum":[96,268],"even":[98],"younger":[99],"students,":[100],"we":[101,161],"thought":[102],"critically":[103],"about":[104],"project":[105],"design":[106],"ease":[108],"implementation":[110],"this":[112],"age":[113],"group.":[114],"Perceptions":[115],"who":[117,189,236],"can":[118],"participate":[119],"are":[122],"formed":[123],"as":[124,126,256,258],"early":[125,257],"elementary":[127,259],"some":[130],"students.":[131],"piloted":[133],"soft-robotics":[135],"activity":[136],"over":[137],"three":[138,150],"one-hour":[139],"meetings":[140],"with":[141,281],"an":[142,177,265],"elementary-aged":[143],"Girl":[144,152,214],"Scout":[145,153,215],"troop":[146],"where":[147],"participants":[148,216],"earned":[149],"Daisy":[151],"Robotics":[154],"badges.":[155],"To":[156],"assess":[157],"perceptions":[158,232],"robotics,":[160],"developed":[162],"Draw":[164,171,176],"Robot":[166],"Task":[167],"(DART)":[168],"from":[169,209,212],"Scientist":[173],"Tests":[174,179],"Engineer":[178],"better":[181],"understand":[182],"children\u2019s":[183],"perception":[184],"robots":[186],"those":[188],"build":[190],"robots.":[191,238],"The":[192],"survey":[193,210],"includes":[194],"prompts":[196],"\"Draw":[197,201],"robot.\"":[199],"And":[200],"someone":[202],"building":[203],"robot\".":[205],"present":[207],"results":[208],"responses":[211,240],"conducted":[217],"before":[218],"their":[221],"exposure":[222],"robotics.":[225],"Surveys":[226],"captured":[227],"drawings":[230],"builds":[237],"Survey":[239],"development":[242],"validated":[245],"measure":[246],"will":[247],"inform":[248],"use":[250],"grades":[255],"school.":[260],"aim":[262],"evaluate":[264],"alternative":[266],"specifically":[271],"designed":[272],"create":[274],"inclusive":[275],"spaces":[277],"students":[280],"goal":[283],"reducing":[285],"disparity":[288],"STEM":[290],"majors.":[294]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}