{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2559216091","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fie.2016.7757593","title":"Exploring the role of spatial cognition in problem solving","display_name":"Exploring the role of spatial cognition in problem solving","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2559216091","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fie.2016.7757593","mag":"2559216091"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/fie.2016.7757593","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fie.2016.7757593","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arrow.tudublin.ie/engscheleart/359","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079171808","display_name":"Gavin Duffy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3049-7030"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gavin Duffy","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035561136","display_name":"Sheryl Sorby","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8608-4994"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148619446","display_name":"Ohio Department of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02dywf273","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148619446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheryl Sorby","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept of Engineering Education, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Engineering Education, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148619446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034581402","display_name":"Steven Nozaki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4733-246X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148619446","display_name":"Ohio Department of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02dywf273","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148619446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven Nozaki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept of Engineering Education, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Engineering Education, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148619446"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088284158","display_name":"Brian Bowe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4907-1913"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Bowe","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering & Built Environment, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering & Built Environment, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079171808"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0364,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81676635,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11904","display_name":"Spatial Cognition and Navigation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11904","display_name":"Spatial Cognition and Navigation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11516","display_name":"Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10072","display_name":"Science Education and Pedagogy","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.6174513697624207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-ability","display_name":"Spatial ability","score":0.6096135973930359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.5867027640342712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/think-aloud-protocol","display_name":"Think aloud protocol","score":0.5835927724838257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol-analysis","display_name":"Protocol analysis","score":0.5234971642494202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curriculum","display_name":"Curriculum","score":0.4957493245601654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.49572980403900146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-intelligence","display_name":"Spatial intelligence","score":0.4764828383922577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aptitude","display_name":"Aptitude","score":0.47074609994888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample","display_name":"Sample (material)","score":0.4646569788455963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.420371413230896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.40791234374046326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3757726848125458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.25881436467170715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedagogy","display_name":"Pedagogy","score":0.2223106324672699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.2064281404018402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.16615402698516846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developmental-psychology","display_name":"Developmental psychology","score":0.1559465229511261}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.6174513697624207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778662690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3125339","display_name":"Spatial ability","level":3,"score":0.6096135973930359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.5867027640342712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78821406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q391810","display_name":"Think aloud protocol","level":3,"score":0.5835927724838257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133112747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7251931","display_name":"Protocol analysis","level":2,"score":0.5234971642494202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47177190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207137","display_name":"Curriculum","level":2,"score":0.4957493245601654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.49572980403900146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155911833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3817354","display_name":"Spatial intelligence","level":2,"score":0.4764828383922577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48561166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1347367","display_name":"Aptitude","level":2,"score":0.47074609994888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.4646569788455963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.420371413230896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40791234374046326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3757726848125458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.25881436467170715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.2223106324672699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.2064281404018402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.16615402698516846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.1559465229511261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/fie.2016.7757593","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fie.2016.7757593","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arrow.tudublin.ie:engscheleart-1375","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arrow.tudublin.ie/engscheleart/359","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196307","display_name":"Arrow - TU Dublin (Technological University Dublin)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210144925","host_organization_name":"Technological University Dublin","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144925"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Conference papers","raw_type":"conferencepaper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arrow.tudublin.ie:engscheleart-1375","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arrow.tudublin.ie/engscheleart/359","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196307","display_name":"Arrow - TU Dublin (Technological University Dublin)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210144925","host_organization_name":"Technological University Dublin","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144925"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Conference papers","raw_type":"conferencepaper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8899999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W198742733","https://openalex.org/W206760230","https://openalex.org/W302597809","https://openalex.org/W565529220","https://openalex.org/W1971944486","https://openalex.org/W2018320119","https://openalex.org/W2025536151","https://openalex.org/W2049394617","https://openalex.org/W2059130745","https://openalex.org/W2077599165","https://openalex.org/W2084945517","https://openalex.org/W2100291730","https://openalex.org/W2101892923","https://openalex.org/W2103947235","https://openalex.org/W2112365876","https://openalex.org/W2165363078","https://openalex.org/W2403322533","https://openalex.org/W2566878985","https://openalex.org/W2575809731","https://openalex.org/W2607875956","https://openalex.org/W3106339966","https://openalex.org/W3146361359","https://openalex.org/W4234043690","https://openalex.org/W4251331807","https://openalex.org/W6608523582","https://openalex.org/W6713296613","https://openalex.org/W6731533985","https://openalex.org/W6737046879"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2188860261","https://openalex.org/W4299529040","https://openalex.org/W3188118552","https://openalex.org/W2125259630","https://openalex.org/W2016587816","https://openalex.org/W1795122992","https://openalex.org/W2127784610","https://openalex.org/W2108120676","https://openalex.org/W2201589544","https://openalex.org/W3137117987"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"spatial":[1,142,154],"aptitude":[2],"is":[3,17,82],"acknowledged":[4],"as":[5],"a":[6,83,88,100,107,128,141],"key":[7],"cognitive":[8],"ability":[9],"that":[10,85],"accompanies":[11],"success":[12],"in":[13,28,36,56,59],"STEM":[14,37,49],"education,":[15],"less":[16],"reported":[18],"about":[19],"the":[20,48,69,120,150,153],"qualitative":[21,66],"differences":[22,67],"between":[23,68,152],"weak":[24,71],"and":[25,32,65,72,122,135,147,155],"strong":[26,73],"visualisers":[27,74],"how":[29],"they":[30,118],"approach":[31],"engage":[33],"with":[34,87],"assessments":[35],"education.":[38],"In":[39],"this":[40],"paper,":[41],"we":[42],"study":[43],"one":[44],"particular":[45],"aspect":[46],"of":[47,103,149],"curriculum":[50],"-":[51,58],"solving":[52,77],"convergent":[53,92],"`word'":[54],"problems":[55,94,121],"mathematics":[57,93,156],"an":[60],"attempt":[61],"to":[62,99,114,123,131,161],"discern":[63],"quantitative":[64],"approaches":[70],"adopt":[75],"when":[76],"these":[78],"problems.":[79],"The":[80,145],"paper":[81],"work-in-progress":[84],"started":[86],"search":[89],"for":[90],"suitable":[91],"which":[95],"were":[96,112,159],"then":[97],"presented":[98],"small":[101],"sample":[102],"engineering":[104],"students":[105],"using":[106,127],"think":[108,115],"aloud":[109,116],"protocol.":[110],"Participants":[111],"asked":[113],"while":[117],"solved":[119],"write":[124],"their":[125],"answers":[126],"LiveScribe":[129],"pen":[130],"concurrently":[132],"record":[133],"spoken":[134],"written":[136],"responses.":[137],"They":[138],"also":[139],"completed":[140],"skills":[143],"test.":[144],"magnitude":[146],"significance":[148],"correlation":[151],"tests":[157],"scores":[158],"measured":[160],"be":[162],"r":[163],"=":[164],".79,":[165],"p":[166],"<;":[167],".01.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
