{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2069617188","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fie.2011.6142836","title":"Informal learning in engineering education: Where we are &amp;#x2014; Where we need to go","display_name":"Informal learning in engineering education: Where we are &amp;#x2014; Where we need to go","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2069617188","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fie.2011.6142836","mag":"2069617188"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/fie.2011.6142836","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fie.2011.6142836","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053797378","display_name":"Daria Kotys-Schwartz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7075-8103"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daria Kotys-Schwartz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instructor and MSC-CU Mechanical Engineering Partnership Faculty Director, University of Colorado Boulder","Instructor and MSC-CU Mechanical Engineering Partnership Faculty Director, University of Colorado Boulder#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instructor and MSC-CU Mechanical Engineering Partnership Faculty Director, University of Colorado Boulder","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instructor and MSC-CU Mechanical Engineering Partnership Faculty Director, University of Colorado Boulder#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013000534","display_name":"Mary Besterfield\u2010Sacre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3758-6100"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mary Besterfield-Sacre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industrial Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, USA","Industrial Engineering and Fulton C. Noss Faculty Fellow, University of Pittsburgh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial Engineering and Fulton C. Noss Faculty Fellow, University of Pittsburgh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054991846","display_name":"Larry J. Shuman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6884-7070"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Larry Shuman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industrial Engineering and Associate Dean for Academic Affairs, University of Pittsburgh","Industrial Engineering and Associate Dean for Academic Affairs, University of Pittsburgh#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial Engineering and Associate Dean for Academic Affairs, University of Pittsburgh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial Engineering and Associate Dean for Academic Affairs, University of Pittsburgh#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.13204976,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"T4J","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13280","display_name":"Biomedical and Engineering Education","score":0.982699990272522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13280","display_name":"Biomedical and Engineering Education","score":0.982699990272522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11466","display_name":"Innovative Education and Learning Practices","score":0.9761000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.9563000202178955,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-education","display_name":"Engineering education","score":0.785141110420227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internship","display_name":"Internship","score":0.7764841318130493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identity","display_name":"Identity (music)","score":0.48209574818611145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/science-and-engineering","display_name":"Science and engineering","score":0.46016404032707214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-research","display_name":"Engineering research","score":0.4502236545085907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/informal-learning","display_name":"Informal learning","score":0.4234033226966858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-management","display_name":"Engineering management","score":0.3577743470668793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.34811389446258545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.32225388288497925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-ethics","display_name":"Engineering ethics","score":0.3071798086166382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedagogy","display_name":"Pedagogy","score":0.19680646061897278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-education","display_name":"Medical education","score":0.14936882257461548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.12801623344421387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.06997427344322205}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5041995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853745","display_name":"Engineering education","level":2,"score":0.785141110420227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C540751848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6500754","display_name":"Internship","level":2,"score":0.7764841318130493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.48209574818611145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993955422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Science and engineering","level":2,"score":0.46016404032707214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781466431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5377897","display_name":"Engineering research","level":2,"score":0.4502236545085907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780198215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q361428","display_name":"Informal learning","level":2,"score":0.4234033226966858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.3577743470668793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.34811389446258545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.32225388288497925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.3071798086166382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.19680646061897278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.14936882257461548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.12801623344421387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.06997427344322205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/fie.2011.6142836","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fie.2011.6142836","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W34038952","https://openalex.org/W34883810","https://openalex.org/W1504630295","https://openalex.org/W1512597895","https://openalex.org/W1523404050","https://openalex.org/W2001412809","https://openalex.org/W2012786237","https://openalex.org/W2017750977","https://openalex.org/W2072757856","https://openalex.org/W2162472278","https://openalex.org/W2245078923","https://openalex.org/W2331218270","https://openalex.org/W2337089760","https://openalex.org/W2470365926","https://openalex.org/W2591012768","https://openalex.org/W2625315316","https://openalex.org/W2728391499","https://openalex.org/W2731045058","https://openalex.org/W6690574004","https://openalex.org/W6733822210"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2152885393","https://openalex.org/W2187296548","https://openalex.org/W4214738039","https://openalex.org/W4210559863","https://openalex.org/W4401313100","https://openalex.org/W1911132679","https://openalex.org/W2096849628","https://openalex.org/W2158413814","https://openalex.org/W2042851961","https://openalex.org/W2592371130"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,16,28,37,45,60],"state":[4],"of":[5,47,80,85],"programmed":[6],"informal":[7,30,99],"learning":[8,31,51,100],"(e.g.,":[9],"team":[10],"competitions,":[11],"internships)":[12],"in":[13,33,63,91,102],"engineering":[14,34,38,54,71,82,86,103],"education,":[15,72],"relevant":[17],"research":[18,32,61,101],"and":[19,50,88],"available":[20],"assessment":[21],"instruments.":[22],"Our":[23],"purpose":[24],"is":[25],"to":[26,44,66],"synthesize":[27],"existing":[29],"education":[35,65],"for":[36,53,70,98],"community,":[39],"which":[40],"should":[41],"subsequently":[42],"lead":[43],"development":[46,79],"improved":[48,74],"programs":[49],"experiences":[52],"students.":[55],"We":[56],"also":[57],"draw":[58],"on":[59],"performed":[62],"science":[64],"identify":[67],"potential":[68],"outcomes":[69],"including:":[73],"student":[75],"attitudes":[76],"towards":[77],"engineering,":[78],"an":[81],"identity,":[83],"knowledge":[84],"practices,":[87],"broadened":[89],"participation":[90],"engineering.":[92],"Last,":[93],"we":[94],"provide":[95],"future":[96],"direction":[97],"education.":[104]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
