{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400527548","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg59268.2024.10581988","title":"TetraLoss: Improving the Robustness of Face Recognition Against Morphing Attacks","display_name":"TetraLoss: Improving the Robustness of Face Recognition Against Morphing Attacks","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400527548","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg59268.2024.10581988"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/fg59268.2024.10581988","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg59268.2024.10581988","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE 18th International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (FG)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078717363","display_name":"Mathias Ibsen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7531-806X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107257983","display_name":"Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/047wbd030","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107257983"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mathias Ibsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["da/sec-Biometrics and Security Research Group, Hochschule Darmstadt,Darmstadt,Germany,64295"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"da/sec-Biometrics and Security Research Group, Hochschule Darmstadt,Darmstadt,Germany,64295","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107257983"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049402182","display_name":"L\u00e1zaro J. Gonz\u00e1lez\u2010Soler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6470-2966"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107257983","display_name":"Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/047wbd030","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107257983"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. J. Gonzalez-Soler","raw_affiliation_strings":["da/sec-Biometrics and Security Research Group, Hochschule Darmstadt,Darmstadt,Germany,64295"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"da/sec-Biometrics and Security Research Group, Hochschule Darmstadt,Darmstadt,Germany,64295","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107257983"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087866084","display_name":"Christian Rathgeb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1901-9468"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107257983","display_name":"Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/047wbd030","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107257983"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Rathgeb","raw_affiliation_strings":["da/sec-Biometrics and Security Research Group, Hochschule Darmstadt,Darmstadt,Germany,64295"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"da/sec-Biometrics and Security Research Group, Hochschule Darmstadt,Darmstadt,Germany,64295","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107257983"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017716310","display_name":"Christoph Busch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9159-2923"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107257983","display_name":"Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/047wbd030","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107257983"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christoph Busch","raw_affiliation_strings":["da/sec-Biometrics and Security Research Group, Hochschule Darmstadt,Darmstadt,Germany,64295"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"da/sec-Biometrics and Security Research Group, Hochschule Darmstadt,Darmstadt,Germany,64295","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107257983"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5311,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83709685,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/morphing","display_name":"Morphing","score":0.924423336982727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7930328845977783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6991468667984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.6678361892700195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.47528162598609924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.45066016912460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.37111571431159973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3611345887184143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3111704885959625}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50637493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136781","display_name":"Morphing","level":2,"score":0.924423336982727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7930328845977783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6991468667984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.6678361892700195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.47528162598609924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.45066016912460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.37111571431159973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3611345887184143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3111704885959625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/fg59268.2024.10581988","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg59268.2024.10581988","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE 18th International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (FG)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1679315481","https://openalex.org/W3151495635","https://openalex.org/W4385170164","https://openalex.org/W4236870338","https://openalex.org/W2016917053","https://openalex.org/W1580681114","https://openalex.org/W51472912","https://openalex.org/W4362722828","https://openalex.org/W2098693229","https://openalex.org/W2384651879"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Face":[0],"recognition":[1,40,85,116,131,148],"systems":[2,107,149],"are":[3,108],"widely":[4],"deployed":[5],"in":[6,111,179],"high-security":[7],"applications":[8],"such":[9,30],"as":[10,31],"for":[11,143],"biometric":[12,187],"verification":[13,188],"at":[14],"border":[15],"controls.":[16],"Despite":[17],"their":[18],"high":[19,75,186],"accuracy":[20],"on":[21],"pristine":[22],"data,":[23],"it":[24],"is":[25],"well-known":[26],"that":[27,118,168,196],"digital":[28],"manipulations,":[29],"face":[32,39,84,115,130,147,155,173],"morphing,":[33],"pose":[34],"a":[35,140,164,191],"security":[36],"threat":[37],"to":[38,55,66,81,102,121,134,150,170],"systems.":[41,86],"Malicious":[42],"actors":[43],"can":[44,73,200],"exploit":[45],"the":[46,50,67,70,78,114,129,180,197,203],"facilities":[47],"offered":[48],"by":[49],"identity":[51,57,79],"document":[52,80],"issuance":[53],"process":[54],"obtain":[56],"documents":[58],"containing":[59],"morphed":[60,71,172],"images.":[61],"Thus,":[62],"subjects":[63,178],"who":[64],"contributed":[65],"creation":[68],"of":[69],"image":[72],"with":[74,124],"probability":[76],"use":[77],"bypass":[82],"automated":[83],"In":[87,190],"recent":[88],"years,":[89],"no-reference":[90],"(i.e.,":[91],"single":[92],"image)":[93],"and":[94,125],"differential":[95],"morphing":[96,156],"attack":[97],"detectors":[98],"have":[99,120],"been":[100],"proposed":[101,198],"tackle":[103],"this":[104,159],"risk.":[105],"These":[106],"typically":[109],"evaluated":[110],"isolation":[112],"from":[113,175],"system":[117,205],"they":[119],"operate":[122],"jointly":[123],"do":[126],"not":[127],"consider":[128],"process.":[132],"Contrary":[133],"most":[135],"existing":[136],"works,":[137],"we":[138,161,194],"present":[139],"novel":[141,165],"method":[142,199],"adapting":[144],"deep":[145],"learning-based":[146],"be":[151],"more":[152],"robust":[153],"against":[154],"attacks.":[157],"To":[158],"end,":[160],"introduce":[162],"TetraLoss,":[163],"loss":[166],"function":[167],"learns":[169],"separate":[171],"images":[174],"its":[176],"contributing":[177],"embedding":[181],"space":[182],"while":[183,206],"still":[184],"achieving":[185],"performance.":[189],"comprehensive":[192],"evaluation,":[193],"show":[195],"significantly":[201,208],"enhance":[202],"original":[204],"also":[207],"outperforming":[209],"other":[210],"tested":[211],"baseline":[212],"methods.":[213]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}