{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321020667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg57933.2023.10042673","title":"AFFDEX 2.0: A Real-Time Facial Expression Analysis Toolkit","display_name":"AFFDEX 2.0: A Real-Time Facial Expression Analysis Toolkit","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321020667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg57933.2023.10042673"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/fg57933.2023.10042673","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg57933.2023.10042673","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 17th International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (FG)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036169900","display_name":"Mina Bishay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2368-7928"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127225","display_name":"Affectiva (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0322cev20","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mina Bishay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Affectiva, a Smart Eye company,Egypt","Affectiva, a Smart Eye company, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affectiva, a Smart Eye company,Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affectiva, a Smart Eye company, Egypt","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016762785","display_name":"Kenneth Preston","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127225","display_name":"Affectiva (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0322cev20","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenneth Preston","raw_affiliation_strings":["Affectiva, a Smart Eye company,Egypt","Affectiva, a Smart Eye company, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affectiva, a Smart Eye company,Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affectiva, a Smart Eye company, Egypt","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063865656","display_name":"Matthew Strafuss","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127225","display_name":"Affectiva (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0322cev20","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Strafuss","raw_affiliation_strings":["Affectiva, a Smart Eye company,Egypt","Affectiva, a Smart Eye company, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affectiva, a Smart Eye company,Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affectiva, a Smart Eye company, Egypt","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039437458","display_name":"Graham Page","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127225","display_name":"Affectiva (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0322cev20","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Graham Page","raw_affiliation_strings":["Affectiva, a Smart Eye company,Egypt","Affectiva, a Smart Eye company, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affectiva, a Smart Eye company,Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affectiva, a Smart Eye company, Egypt","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065191411","display_name":"Jay Turcot","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127225","display_name":"Affectiva (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0322cev20","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jay Turcot","raw_affiliation_strings":["Affectiva, a Smart Eye company,Egypt","Affectiva, a Smart Eye company, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affectiva, a Smart Eye company,Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affectiva, a Smart Eye company, Egypt","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074649074","display_name":"Mohammad Mavadati","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127225","display_name":"Affectiva (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0322cev20","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Mavadati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Affectiva, a Smart Eye company,Egypt","Affectiva, a Smart Eye company, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affectiva, a Smart Eye company,Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affectiva, a Smart Eye company, Egypt","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127225"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5358,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94378786,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.7908546924591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7160035967826843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confusion","display_name":"Confusion","score":0.6800312995910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentimentality","display_name":"Sentimentality","score":0.5673973560333252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5145444273948669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4779255986213684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.45901644229888916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.40345919132232666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.35339659452438354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.14169499278068542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.0996142029762268}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.7908546924591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7160035967826843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781140086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557945","display_name":"Confusion","level":2,"score":0.6800312995910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778786929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1726864","display_name":"Sentimentality","level":2,"score":0.5673973560333252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5145444273948669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4779255986213684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.45901644229888916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.40345919132232666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.35339659452438354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.14169499278068542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0996142029762268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/fg57933.2023.10042673","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg57933.2023.10042673","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 17th International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (FG)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.49000000953674316}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W18680518","https://openalex.org/W1595126664","https://openalex.org/W1628791547","https://openalex.org/W2003249666","https://openalex.org/W2008933718","https://openalex.org/W2045472600","https://openalex.org/W2051297709","https://openalex.org/W2096976598","https://openalex.org/W2101545465","https://openalex.org/W2115941714","https://openalex.org/W2141822677","https://openalex.org/W2345729520","https://openalex.org/W2405287689","https://openalex.org/W2559655401","https://openalex.org/W2559952875","https://openalex.org/W2726020179","https://openalex.org/W2737559518","https://openalex.org/W2784208377","https://openalex.org/W2789992948","https://openalex.org/W2790681991","https://openalex.org/W2799041689","https://openalex.org/W2887057293","https://openalex.org/W2888200171","https://openalex.org/W2903991757","https://openalex.org/W2905561276","https://openalex.org/W2937265852","https://openalex.org/W2949482489","https://openalex.org/W2957123975","https://openalex.org/W2957293233","https://openalex.org/W2961805080","https://openalex.org/W2964007075","https://openalex.org/W2969059826","https://openalex.org/W2995846001","https://openalex.org/W3009809768","https://openalex.org/W3101614002","https://openalex.org/W3102025332","https://openalex.org/W3124054989","https://openalex.org/W3129050419","https://openalex.org/W3175851380","https://openalex.org/W3176327573","https://openalex.org/W3195457786","https://openalex.org/W3211906354","https://openalex.org/W4221143482","https://openalex.org/W4221148554","https://openalex.org/W4221148656","https://openalex.org/W4221148657","https://openalex.org/W4221149405","https://openalex.org/W4221155485","https://openalex.org/W4221166187","https://openalex.org/W4292794012","https://openalex.org/W4308235829","https://openalex.org/W6620707391","https://openalex.org/W6771335037","https://openalex.org/W6809403191","https://openalex.org/W6809453366","https://openalex.org/W6810020734","https://openalex.org/W6810133556","https://openalex.org/W6810854680"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W233370316","https://openalex.org/W2036690572","https://openalex.org/W2607277528","https://openalex.org/W2101125682","https://openalex.org/W1997821654","https://openalex.org/W2356011113","https://openalex.org/W2358552094","https://openalex.org/W2999743619","https://openalex.org/W4294730932","https://openalex.org/W2347495337"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper":[2],"we":[3],"introduce":[4],"AFFDEX":[5,60,86,119,131],"2.0":[6,61,87,120,132],"\u2013":[7],"a":[8,73],"toolkit":[9,95],"for":[10,22],"analyzing":[11],"facial":[12,34,109],"expressions":[13],"in":[14,125,137],"the":[15,28,122,144],"wild,":[16],"that":[17,97],"is,":[18],"it":[19],"is":[20,88,98,141],"intended":[21],"users":[23],"aiming":[24],"to;":[25],"a)":[26],"estimate":[27],"3D":[29],"head":[30],"pose,":[31],"b)":[32],"detect":[33,52],"Action":[35],"Units":[36],"(AUs),":[37],"c)":[38],"recognize":[39],"basic":[40],"emotions":[41],"and":[42,48,50,58,69,111,117,128,140,146],"2":[43],"new":[44,113],"emotional":[45,114],"states":[46,115],"(sentimentality":[47,116],"confusion),":[49],"d)":[51],"high-level":[53],"expressive":[54],"metrics":[55],"like":[56],"blink":[57],"attention.":[59],"models":[62],"are":[63,70],"mainly":[64],"based":[65],"on":[66],"Deep":[67],"Learning,":[68],"trained":[71],"using":[72],"large-scale":[74],"naturalistic":[75],"dataset":[76],"consisting":[77],"of":[78,80,92,100],"thousands":[79],"participants":[81],"from":[82],"different":[83],"demographic":[84],"groups.":[85],"an":[89],"enhanced":[90],"version":[91],"our":[93],"previous":[94],"[36],":[96],"capable":[99],"tracking":[101],"faces":[102,136],"at":[103],"challenging":[104],"conditions,":[105],"detecting":[106],"more":[107],"accurately":[108],"expressions,":[110],"recognizing":[112],"confusion).":[118],"outperforms":[121],"state-of-the-art":[123],"methods":[124],"AU":[126],"detection":[127],"emotion":[129],"recognition.":[130],"can":[133],"process":[134],"multiple":[135],"real":[138],"time,":[139],"working":[142],"across":[143],"Windows":[145],"Linux":[147],"platforms.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
