{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2924387604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2019.8756588","title":"Micro-expression detection in long videos using optical flow and recurrent neural networks","display_name":"Micro-expression detection in long videos using optical flow and recurrent neural networks","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2924387604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2019.8756588","mag":"2924387604"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/fg.2019.8756588","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2019.8756588","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 14th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face &amp; Gesture Recognition (FG 2019)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1903.10765","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029997725","display_name":"Michiel Verburg","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83019370","display_name":"Eindhoven University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2kyt77","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michiel Verburg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands","Department of Mathematics & Computer Science; Eindhoven University of Technology; Eindhoven The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics & Computer Science; Eindhoven University of Technology; Eindhoven The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034523015","display_name":"Vlado Menkovski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5262-0605"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83019370","display_name":"Eindhoven University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2kyt77","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vlado Menkovski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands","Department of Mathematics & Computer Science; Eindhoven University of Technology; Eindhoven The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics & Computer Science; Eindhoven University of Technology; Eindhoven The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029997725"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2893,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64824854,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12268","display_name":"Deception detection and forensic psychology","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7568850517272949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spotting","display_name":"Spotting","score":0.6893378496170044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.6475958228111267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-neural-network","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","score":0.6329519748687744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.6311135292053223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5829842686653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-positive-paradox","display_name":"False positive paradox","score":0.57631516456604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-flow","display_name":"Optical flow","score":0.5423406958580017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.5316786170005798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4756726324558258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.47057148814201355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4203767478466034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expression","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","score":0.41325700283050537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.31800469756126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.18717822432518005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7568850517272949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779506182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7580141","display_name":"Spotting","level":2,"score":0.6893378496170044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.6475958228111267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.6329519748687744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.6311135292053223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5829842686653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64869954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1859747","display_name":"False positive paradox","level":2,"score":0.57631516456604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155542232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736111","display_name":"Optical flow","level":3,"score":0.5423406958580017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.5316786170005798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4756726324558258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.47057148814201355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4203767478466034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.41325700283050537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.31800469756126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.18717822432518005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/fg.2019.8756588","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2019.8756588","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 14th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face &amp; Gesture Recognition (FG 2019)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.tue.nl:openaire_cris_publications/b3ae87bb-8527-4761-af45-724a07ae7b2f","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tue.nl/en/publications/b3ae87bb-8527-4761-af45-724a07ae7b2f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Verburg, M G M & Menkovski, V 2019, Micro-expression detection in long videos using optical flow and recurrent neural networks. in 14th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, FG 2019., 8756588, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Piscataway, 14th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (FG 2019), Lille, France, 14/05/19. https://doi.org/10.1109/FG.2019.8756588","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1903.10765","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1903.10765","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1903.10765","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2924387604","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1903.10765","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:913182","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://library.tue.nl/csp/dare/LinkToRepository.csp?recordnumber=913182","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923046","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal (Eindhoven University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},{"id":"pmh:oai:library.tue.nl:913182","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.tue.nl/913182","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923046","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal (Eindhoven University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},{"id":"pmh:tue:oai:pure.tue.nl:publications/b3ae87bb-8527-4761-af45-724a07ae7b2f","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tue.nl/nl/publications/b3ae87bb-8527-4761-af45-724a07ae7b2f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"14th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, FG 2019","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencepaper"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1903.10765","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1903.10765","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1903.10765","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1903.10765","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1903.10765","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2924387604.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2924387604.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1854318472","https://openalex.org/W1969736828","https://openalex.org/W1983014650","https://openalex.org/W2006426145","https://openalex.org/W2044106642","https://openalex.org/W2056591378","https://openalex.org/W2072038603","https://openalex.org/W2113977317","https://openalex.org/W2115252128","https://openalex.org/W2125556102","https://openalex.org/W2139675209","https://openalex.org/W2264829898","https://openalex.org/W2399188776","https://openalex.org/W2426188534","https://openalex.org/W2567449792","https://openalex.org/W2567602236","https://openalex.org/W2571743746","https://openalex.org/W2587585332","https://openalex.org/W2594048267","https://openalex.org/W2726381870","https://openalex.org/W2806880187","https://openalex.org/W2808103905","https://openalex.org/W2899293823","https://openalex.org/W2899883316","https://openalex.org/W3100960056","https://openalex.org/W3103539074","https://openalex.org/W6645733745","https://openalex.org/W6677618333","https://openalex.org/W6785539971"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2964097128","https://openalex.org/W3126405550","https://openalex.org/W3134895419","https://openalex.org/W2892646493","https://openalex.org/W54565787","https://openalex.org/W2282645884","https://openalex.org/W3156130462","https://openalex.org/W2765428956","https://openalex.org/W3046848563","https://openalex.org/W2554875566","https://openalex.org/W3119074770","https://openalex.org/W2887368306","https://openalex.org/W3175370094","https://openalex.org/W152517427","https://openalex.org/W1786100747","https://openalex.org/W3200425201","https://openalex.org/W3143042575","https://openalex.org/W3026008638","https://openalex.org/W2229051683","https://openalex.org/W1970604134"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Facial":[0],"micro-expressions":[1],"are":[2,13,64,121],"subtle":[3],"and":[4,30,59],"involuntary":[5],"expressions":[6],"that":[7,73,162,179],"can":[8,67],"reveal":[9],"concealed":[10],"emotions.":[11],"Micro-expressions":[12],"an":[14],"invaluable":[15],"source":[16],"of":[17,33,40,46,71,99,126,141,173,191,198],"information":[18],"in":[19,37,110],"application":[20],"domains":[21],"such":[22],"as":[23,203],"lie":[24],"detection,":[25],"mental":[26],"health,":[27],"sentiment":[28],"analysis":[29],"more.":[31],"One":[32],"the":[34,43,69,107,115,136,148,154,158,163,180,185,199,204,216,222],"biggest":[35],"challenges":[36],"this":[38],"field":[39],"research":[41],"is":[42,55,133,144],"small":[44],"amount":[45,70],"available":[47],"spontaneous":[48,52],"micro-expression":[49,83],"data.":[50],"However,":[51],"data":[53,72,160],"collection":[54],"burdened":[56],"by":[57,146,188],"time-consuming":[58],"expensive":[60],"annotation.":[61],"Hence,":[62],"methods":[63],"needed":[65],"which":[66,120,215],"reduce":[68,184],"annotators":[74],"have":[75],"to":[76,105,123],"review.":[77],"This":[78],"paper":[79],"presents":[80],"a":[81,87,171,189],"novel":[82],"spotting":[84],"method":[85,132,164,182,218],"using":[86,150],"recurrent":[88],"neural":[89],"network":[90],"(RNN)":[91],"on":[92,135],"optical":[93],"flow":[94],"features.":[95],"We":[96],"extract":[97],"Histogram":[98],"Oriented":[100],"Optical":[101],"Flow":[102],"(HOOF)":[103],"features":[104],"encode":[106],"temporal":[108],"changes":[109],"selected":[111],"face":[112],"regions.":[113],"Finally,":[114],"RNN":[116,149],"spots":[117],"short":[118],"intervals":[119,156],"likely":[122],"contain":[124],"occurrences":[125],"relevant":[127,200],"facial":[128],"micro-movements.":[129,201],"The":[130,175],"proposed":[131,181,217],"evaluated":[134],"SAMM":[137],"database.":[138],"Any":[139],"chance":[140],"subject":[142],"bias":[143],"eliminated":[145],"training":[147],"Leave-One-Subject-Out":[151],"cross-validation.":[152],"Comparing":[153],"spotted":[155],"with":[157],"labeled":[159],"shows":[161],"produced":[165],"1569":[166],"false":[167],"positives":[168],"while":[169,193],"obtaining":[170],"recall":[172],"0.4654.":[174],"initial":[176],"results":[177],"show":[178],"would":[183],"video":[186],"length":[187],"factor":[190],"3.5,":[192],"still":[194],"retaining":[195],"almost":[196],"half":[197],"Lastly,":[202],"model":[205],"gets":[206],"more":[207],"data,":[208],"it":[209],"becomes":[210],"better":[211],"at":[212],"detecting":[213],"intervals,":[214],"suitable":[219],"for":[220],"supporting":[221],"annotation":[223],"process.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
