{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2956505011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2019.8756575","title":"Deformable Face Net: Learning Pose Invariant Feature with Pose Aware Feature Alignment for Face Recognition","display_name":"Deformable Face Net: Learning Pose Invariant Feature with Pose Aware Feature Alignment for Face Recognition","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2956505011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2019.8756575","mag":"2956505011"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/fg.2019.8756575","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2019.8756575","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 14th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face & Gesture Recognition (FG 2019)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101758580","display_name":"Mingjie He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2168-8276"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingjie He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100436755","display_name":"Jie Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5305-7911"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050297728","display_name":"Shiguang Shan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8348-392X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiguang Shan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047682975","display_name":"Meina Kan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9483-875X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meina Kan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083420537","display_name":"Xilin Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3024-4404"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xilin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9152,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79115688,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7789629101753235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6923627257347107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.6262690424919128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.5964154601097107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5725997686386108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5719608664512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5676590204238892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/three-dimensional-face-recognition","display_name":"Three-dimensional face recognition","score":0.558427631855011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/invariant","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","score":0.5121550559997559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4162255525588989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-detection","display_name":"Face detection","score":0.40108996629714966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13871636986732483}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7789629101753235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6923627257347107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6262690424919128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.5964154601097107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5725997686386108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5719608664512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5676590204238892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88799230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398329","display_name":"Three-dimensional face recognition","level":5,"score":0.558427631855011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190470478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370229","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5121550559997559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4162255525588989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.40108996629714966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13871636986732483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/fg.2019.8756575","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2019.8756575","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 14th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face & Gesture Recognition (FG 2019)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1523385540","https://openalex.org/W1916406603","https://openalex.org/W1935685005","https://openalex.org/W1955369839","https://openalex.org/W1975780119","https://openalex.org/W1983474530","https://openalex.org/W2024922353","https://openalex.org/W2025341678","https://openalex.org/W2071207147","https://openalex.org/W2127182692","https://openalex.org/W2137857332","https://openalex.org/W2138621090","https://openalex.org/W2139332436","https://openalex.org/W2142780847","https://openalex.org/W2148714246","https://openalex.org/W2153169342","https://openalex.org/W2157038204","https://openalex.org/W2157364932","https://openalex.org/W2162458225","https://openalex.org/W2186500555","https://openalex.org/W2186615578","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2220707429","https://openalex.org/W2302255633","https://openalex.org/W2441198140","https://openalex.org/W2515770085","https://openalex.org/W2559289659","https://openalex.org/W2588595876","https://openalex.org/W2601564443","https://openalex.org/W2617561348","https://openalex.org/W2725151104","https://openalex.org/W2726626628","https://openalex.org/W2735553491","https://openalex.org/W2753407461","https://openalex.org/W2767014173","https://openalex.org/W2782974417","https://openalex.org/W2789628170","https://openalex.org/W2798807671","https://openalex.org/W2887901449","https://openalex.org/W2949309273","https://openalex.org/W2962898354","https://openalex.org/W2963100452","https://openalex.org/W2963466847","https://openalex.org/W2963671154","https://openalex.org/W2963896050","https://openalex.org/W2964337551","https://openalex.org/W6631216910","https://openalex.org/W6640455264","https://openalex.org/W6641173728","https://openalex.org/W6646444622","https://openalex.org/W6683601012","https://openalex.org/W6686509673","https://openalex.org/W6698183232","https://openalex.org/W6743905813","https://openalex.org/W6754033747"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2607108626","https://openalex.org/W2003685048","https://openalex.org/W2532573070","https://openalex.org/W1989039360","https://openalex.org/W2146295394","https://openalex.org/W2017517155","https://openalex.org/W4312603404","https://openalex.org/W2031420897","https://openalex.org/W2147083459","https://openalex.org/W2316114728"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Face":[0,31,44],"recognition":[1,54],"plays":[2],"an":[3],"important":[4],"role":[5],"in":[6,39,98],"computer":[7],"vision.":[8],"It":[9],"still":[10],"remains":[11],"a":[12,28],"challenging":[13],"task":[14],"due":[15],"to":[16,34,50,76],"pose,":[17],"expression,":[18],"illumination,":[19],"partial":[20],"occlusion,":[21],"etc.":[22],"In":[23],"this":[24],"work,":[25],"we":[26],"propose":[27],"novel":[29],"Deformable":[30,43],"Net":[32,45],"(DFN)":[33],"handle":[35],"the":[36,78,99,103,106,118,125,129,134],"pose":[37],"variations":[38],"face":[40,53],"recognition.":[41],"The":[42],"introduces":[46],"deformable":[47,96],"convolution":[48],"modules":[49],"simultaneously":[51],"learn":[52,91],"oriented":[55],"alignment":[56],"and":[57,69],"feature":[58,80],"extraction.":[59],"Specifically,":[60],"two":[61,87],"loss":[62,67,72,88],"functions,":[63],"namely":[64],"displacement":[65,93],"consistency":[66,71],"(DCL)":[68],"identity":[70],"(ICL)":[73],"are":[74],"designed":[75],"minimize":[77],"intra-class":[79],"variation":[81],"caused":[82],"by":[83],"different":[84,113],"poses.":[85,138],"These":[86],"functions":[89],"jointly":[90],"pose-aware":[92],"fields":[94],"for":[95],"convolutions":[97],"DFN.":[100],"Different":[101],"from":[102],"existing":[104],"methods,":[105,131],"DFN":[107,127],"focuses":[108],"on":[109,133],"aligning":[110],"features":[111],"across":[112],"poses":[114],"rather":[115],"than":[116],"frontalizing":[117],"input":[119],"faces.":[120],"Extensive":[121],"experiments":[122],"show":[123],"that":[124],"proposed":[126],"outperforms":[128],"state-of-the-art":[130],"especially":[132],"datasets":[135],"with":[136],"large":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}