{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2957980793","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2019.8756566","title":"Advanced Motion-Tracking System with Multi-Layers Deep Learning Framework for Innovative Car-Driver Drowsiness Monitoring","display_name":"Advanced Motion-Tracking System with Multi-Layers Deep Learning Framework for Innovative Car-Driver Drowsiness Monitoring","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2957980793","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2019.8756566","mag":"2957980793"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/fg.2019.8756566","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2019.8756566","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 14th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face & Gesture Recognition (FG 2019)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066281190","display_name":"Francesca Trenta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2524-3837"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39063666","display_name":"University of Catania","ror":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesca Trenta","raw_affiliation_strings":["IPLAB \u2013 Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IPLAB \u2013 Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005143396","display_name":"Sabrina Conoci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5874-7284"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154781","display_name":"STMicroelectronics (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/053bqv655","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131827901","https://openalex.org/I4210154781"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sabrina Conoci","raw_affiliation_strings":["STMicroelectronics ADG \u2013 Central R&D, Catania, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"STMicroelectronics ADG \u2013 Central R&D, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036892535","display_name":"Francesco Rundo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1766-3065"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154781","display_name":"STMicroelectronics (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/053bqv655","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131827901","https://openalex.org/I4210154781"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Rundo","raw_affiliation_strings":["STMicroelectronics ADG \u2013 Central R&D, Catania, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"STMicroelectronics ADG \u2013 Central R&D, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154781"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042746008","display_name":"Sebastiano Battiato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6127-2470"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39063666","display_name":"University of Catania","ror":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sebastiano Battiato","raw_affiliation_strings":["IPLAB \u2013 Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IPLAB \u2013 Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.6849,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99527843,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11373","display_name":"Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heartbeat","display_name":"Heartbeat","score":0.8527981042861938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoplethysmogram","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","score":0.84381103515625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.692124605178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6525627374649048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.6300854086875916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-rate-variability","display_name":"Heart rate variability","score":0.6058350205421448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5827769637107849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.36175400018692017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.32464489340782166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-rate","display_name":"Heart rate","score":0.3015170693397522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-pressure","display_name":"Blood pressure","score":0.2528213858604431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.1427205502986908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.09290149807929993}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13852961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17021880","display_name":"Heartbeat","level":2,"score":0.8527981042861938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116390426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187885","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","level":3,"score":0.84381103515625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.692124605178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6525627374649048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.6300854086875916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71635504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q933954","display_name":"Heart rate variability","level":4,"score":0.6058350205421448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5827769637107849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.36175400018692017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.32464489340782166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777953023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1073121","display_name":"Heart rate","level":3,"score":0.3015170693397522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.2528213858604431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1427205502986908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.09290149807929993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/fg.2019.8756566","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2019.8756566","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 14th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face & Gesture Recognition (FG 2019)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6000000238418579,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998391547","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2087681821","https://openalex.org/W2106057776","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2157181596","https://openalex.org/W2516265259","https://openalex.org/W2587470505","https://openalex.org/W2754761984","https://openalex.org/W2770297267","https://openalex.org/W2770401329","https://openalex.org/W2793412197","https://openalex.org/W2804306500","https://openalex.org/W2889351385","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W6675759528"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2732360296","https://openalex.org/W1994871954","https://openalex.org/W4297152434","https://openalex.org/W2072858761","https://openalex.org/W3196000489","https://openalex.org/W2092419518","https://openalex.org/W1489924780","https://openalex.org/W2135573418","https://openalex.org/W2071516037","https://openalex.org/W2043464206"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"the":[1,15,22,32,38,41,46,55,60,70,73,87,89,102,124,129,164,167,174],"ability":[2],"to":[3,20,25,44,68,112,116,138,148,153],"monitor":[4],"driver":[5,28],"drowsiness":[6,56],"has":[7,35,106],"attracted":[8],"a":[9,79],"great":[10],"deal":[11],"of":[12,40,72,81],"attention":[13,47],"in":[14,18,53,114,134,146],"automotive":[16],"industry,":[17],"order":[19,115,147],"prevent":[21],"risk":[23],"due":[24,137],"an":[26],"inadequate":[27],"psycho-physical":[29],"state.":[30],"Specifically,":[31],"research":[33],"effort":[34],"focused":[36],"on":[37],"study":[39],"physiological":[42],"signals":[43],"assess":[45],"level.":[48],"The":[49,65,92,157],"main":[50],"idea":[51],"consists":[52],"verifying":[54],"level":[57],"through":[58],"analyzing":[59],"Heart":[61],"Rate":[62],"Variability":[63],"(HRV).":[64],"HRV":[66,93],"allows":[67],"understand":[69],"activity":[71],"autonomic":[74],"nervous":[75],"system":[76],"that":[77],"regulates":[78],"series":[80],"unconscious":[82],"and":[83,132,152,173],"involuntary":[84],"activities":[85],"(e.g.":[86],"heartbeat,":[88],"blood":[90,139],"pressure).":[91],"is":[94],"traditionally":[95],"obtained":[96,160],"from":[97,121,178],"electrocardiography":[98],"(ECG)":[99],"even":[100],"though":[101],"photoplethysmography":[103],"(PPG)":[104],"signal":[105,169,177],"been":[107],"proposed":[108],"as":[109],"valid":[110],"alternative":[111],"ECG":[113],"overcome":[117],"some":[118],"limitations":[119],"derived":[120],"it.":[122],"For":[123],"above":[125],"reasons,":[126],"we":[127,159],"analyzed":[128],"skin":[130],"micro-movements":[131],"changes":[133],"facial":[135,150,179],"color":[136],"circulation":[140],"quite":[141],"indistinguishable":[142],"with":[143],"naked":[144],"eye":[145],"extract":[149],"landmarks":[151],"reconstruct":[154],"PPG":[155,168,176],"signal.":[156],"results":[158],"by":[161,171],"validation":[162],"confirmed":[163],"correlation":[165],"between":[166],"detected":[170],"sensors":[172],"reconstructed":[175],"landmarks.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}