{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2011197021","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2011.5771455","title":"A co-training framework for visual tracking with multiple instance learning","display_name":"A co-training framework for visual tracking with multiple instance learning","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2011197021","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2011.5771455","mag":"2011197021"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/fg.2011.5771455","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2011.5771455","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Face and Gesture 2011","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006986293","display_name":"Huchuan Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6668-9758"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Huchuan Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China","School of Information and Communication Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Liaoning 116023,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Liaoning 116023,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057233998","display_name":"Qiu-Hong Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiuhong Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China","School of Information and Communication Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Liaoning 116023,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Liaoning 116023,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100391493","display_name":"Dong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6976-4004"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China","School of Information and Communication Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Liaoning 116023,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Liaoning 116023,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015967560","display_name":"Xiang Ruan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4500-7516"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146230289","display_name":"Omron (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/00q0w1h45","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146230289"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruan Xiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["OMRON Corporation, Kusatsu, Japan","OMRON Corp., Kusatsu, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"OMRON Corporation, Kusatsu, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146230289"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"OMRON Corp., Kusatsu, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146230289"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006986293"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2878,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82495945,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"539","last_page":"544"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.773901104927063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.7156526446342468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.691165030002594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co-training","display_name":"Co-training","score":0.6723436713218689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.6398109793663025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5972661375999451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training-set","display_name":"Training set","score":0.5678226351737976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-boundary","display_name":"Decision boundary","score":0.564812421798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.41297653317451477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3861454725265503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.35380181670188904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semi-supervised-learning","display_name":"Semi-supervised learning","score":0.29112768173217773}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.773901104927063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.7156526446342468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.691165030002594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776959682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17005296","display_name":"Co-training","level":3,"score":0.6723436713218689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.6398109793663025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5972661375999451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.5678226351737976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42023084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249231","display_name":"Decision boundary","level":3,"score":0.564812421798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.41297653317451477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3861454725265503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.35380181670188904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58973888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1041418","display_name":"Semi-supervised learning","level":2,"score":0.29112768173217773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/fg.2011.5771455","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2011.5771455","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Face and Gesture 2011","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1636936512","https://openalex.org/W1807914171","https://openalex.org/W2048679005","https://openalex.org/W2102786230","https://openalex.org/W2104331347","https://openalex.org/W2108807072","https://openalex.org/W2121193292","https://openalex.org/W2139047213","https://openalex.org/W2143162151","https://openalex.org/W2150000644","https://openalex.org/W2161160446","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2162919312","https://openalex.org/W2163532725","https://openalex.org/W2166010828","https://openalex.org/W2167089254","https://openalex.org/W2170865122","https://openalex.org/W2295262250","https://openalex.org/W2613779721","https://openalex.org/W2753461371","https://openalex.org/W4231340930","https://openalex.org/W6638399501","https://openalex.org/W6676485797","https://openalex.org/W6681026066","https://openalex.org/W6683794642","https://openalex.org/W6684274140"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1487808658","https://openalex.org/W2251208230","https://openalex.org/W2924161931","https://openalex.org/W2098708659","https://openalex.org/W2138127867","https://openalex.org/W264117909","https://openalex.org/W3172695526","https://openalex.org/W2215421138","https://openalex.org/W2981877337","https://openalex.org/W2165396616"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,67],"Co-training":[4],"Multiple":[5],"Instance":[6],"Learning":[7],"algorithm":[8,114],"(CoMIL).":[9],"Our":[10],"framework":[11],"is":[12,42],"based":[13],"on":[14,122],"the":[15,26,33,37,58,91,95,100],"co-training":[16],"approach":[17],"which":[18,50,93],"labels":[19],"incoming":[20],"data":[21],"continuously,":[22],"and":[23,61],"then":[24],"uses":[25,85],"prediction":[27],"from":[28],"each":[29],"classifier":[30,41],"to":[31,90,99],"enlarge":[32],"training":[34],"set":[35],"of":[36,102],"other.":[38],"The":[39],"discriminative":[40],"implemented":[43],"using":[44],"online":[45],"multiple":[46,86],"instance":[47],"learning":[48],"(MIL),":[49],"can":[51],"deal":[52],"with":[53],"inaccurate":[54],"positive":[55,106],"samples":[56],"in":[57,76],"updating":[59],"process":[60],"allow":[62],"some":[63],"flexibility":[64],"while":[65],"finding":[66],"decision":[68],"boundary.":[69],"Firstly,":[70],"two":[71],"classifiers":[72],"are":[73],"improved":[74],"mutually":[75],"our":[77,82,111],"CoMIL":[78,112],"tracking":[79,113,120],"system.":[80],"Secondly,":[81],"update":[83,96],"mechanism":[84],"potential":[87],"positives":[88],"according":[89],"MIL":[92],"handles":[94],"error":[97],"due":[98],"risk":[101],"extracting":[103],"only":[104],"one":[105],"example.":[107],"Experiments":[108],"show":[109],"that":[110],"performs":[115],"better":[116],"than":[117],"several":[118],"state-of-the-art":[119],"algorithms":[121],"challenging":[123],"sequences.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
