{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2078966519","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2011.5771411","title":"Facial component-landmark detection","display_name":"Facial component-landmark detection","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2078966519","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2011.5771411","mag":"2078966519"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/fg.2011.5771411","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2011.5771411","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Face and Gesture 2011","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049119707","display_name":"Boris Efraty","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. A. Efraty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedicine Laboratory, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA","Computational Biomedicine Lab, University of Houston, TX, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedicine Laboratory, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computational Biomedicine Lab, University of Houston, TX, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083103442","display_name":"Manos Papadakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9758-7076"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Papadakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedicine Laboratory, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA","Computational Biomedicine Lab, University of Houston, TX, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedicine Laboratory, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computational Biomedicine Lab, University of Houston, TX, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009380741","display_name":"A. Profitt","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Profitt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedicine Laboratory, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA","Computational Biomedicine Lab, University of Houston, TX, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedicine Laboratory, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computational Biomedicine Lab, University of Houston, TX, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038747694","display_name":"Shishir K. Shah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4093-6906"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Shah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedicine Laboratory, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA","Computational Biomedicine Lab, University of Houston, TX, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedicine Laboratory, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computational Biomedicine Lab, University of Houston, TX, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031773367","display_name":"Ioannis A. Kakadiaris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0591-1079"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. A. Kakadiaris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedicine Laboratory, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA","Computational Biomedicine Lab, University of Houston, TX, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedicine Laboratory, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computational Biomedicine Lab, University of Houston, TX, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"278","last_page":"285"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landmark","display_name":"Landmark","score":0.9426761865615845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6693519353866577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.6231838464736938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.597465455532074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5339141488075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.46079570055007935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780297707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4895393","display_name":"Landmark","level":2,"score":0.9426761865615845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6693519353866577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.6231838464736938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.597465455532074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5339141488075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.46079570055007935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/fg.2011.5771411","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2011.5771411","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Face and Gesture 2011","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.462.2377","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.462.2377","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://cbl.uh.edu/~efros/Publications/comp_land_det17_148.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1499329969","https://openalex.org/W1855204404","https://openalex.org/W1996969321","https://openalex.org/W2031813546","https://openalex.org/W2038952578","https://openalex.org/W2066047996","https://openalex.org/W2107034620","https://openalex.org/W2115812588","https://openalex.org/W2116277445","https://openalex.org/W2134600967","https://openalex.org/W2136000821","https://openalex.org/W2144834017","https://openalex.org/W2146932984","https://openalex.org/W2149382413","https://openalex.org/W2149918784","https://openalex.org/W2152328854","https://openalex.org/W2152826865","https://openalex.org/W2153353865","https://openalex.org/W2160126058","https://openalex.org/W2163998463","https://openalex.org/W2912990735","https://openalex.org/W3097096317","https://openalex.org/W4250465975","https://openalex.org/W6629740406","https://openalex.org/W6638958570","https://openalex.org/W6681287379"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2036807459","https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Landmark":[0],"detection":[1,48],"has":[2,97,107],"proven":[3],"to":[4,27,80,99],"be":[5],"a":[6,28,42,60,108,128,151],"very":[7],"challenging":[8],"task":[9,18],"in":[10,133],"biometrics.":[11],"In":[12],"this":[13],"paper,":[14],"we":[15,25,118],"address":[16],"the":[17,32,75,84,125],"of":[19,31,62,86,91,114,127,138,142],"facial":[20,46],"component-landmark":[21,47,68],"detection.":[22],"By":[23],"\u201ccomponent\u201d":[24],"refer":[26],"rectangular":[29],"subregion":[30],"face,":[33],"containing":[34],"an":[35],"anatomical":[36],"component":[37],"(e.g.,":[38],"\u201ceye\u201d).":[39],"We":[40],"present":[41],"fully-automated":[43],"system":[44],"for":[45,83,124],"based":[49],"on":[50],"multi-resolution":[51],"isotropic":[52],"analysis":[53],"and":[54,73],"adaptive":[55],"bag-of-words":[56],"descriptors":[57],"incorporated":[58],"into":[59],"cascade":[61],"boosted":[63],"classifiers.":[64],"Specifically,":[65],"first":[66],"each":[67],"detector":[69,131],"is":[70,78,94],"applied":[71],"independently":[72],"then":[74],"information":[76],"obtained":[77],"used":[79],"make":[81],"inferences":[82],"localization":[85],"multiple":[87],"components.":[88],"The":[89],"advantage":[90],"our":[92,122,143],"approach":[93],"that":[95,113,120,137],"it":[96],"robustness":[98],"pose":[100],"as":[101,103],"well":[102],"illumination.":[104],"Our":[105],"method":[106,123],"failure":[109],"rate":[110],"lower":[111],"than":[112],"commercial":[115],"software.":[116],"Additionally,":[117],"demonstrate":[119],"using":[121,148],"initialization":[126],"point":[129],"landmark":[130],"results":[132],"performance":[134],"comparable":[135],"with":[136],"state-of-the-art":[139],"methods.":[140],"All":[141],"experiments":[144],"are":[145],"carried":[146],"out":[147],"data":[149],"from":[150],"publicly":[152],"available":[153],"database.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}