{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1705250603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc.2015.7194075","title":"Delay metrics and delay characteristics: A study of four Swedish HSDPA+ and LTE networks","display_name":"Delay metrics and delay characteristics: A study of four Swedish HSDPA+ and LTE networks","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1705250603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc.2015.7194075","mag":"1705250603"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/eucnc.2015.7194075","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc.2015.7194075","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-37756","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102018078","display_name":"Johan Garcia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3461-7079"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43968019","display_name":"Karlstad University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s754026","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43968019"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Johan Garcia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Karlstad University, Sweden","Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Karlstad University Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Karlstad University, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43968019"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Karlstad University Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43968019"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078595875","display_name":"Stefan Alfredsson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0368-9221"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43968019","display_name":"Karlstad University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s754026","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43968019"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Alfredsson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Karlstad University, Sweden","Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Karlstad University Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Karlstad University, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43968019"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Karlstad University Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43968019"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004876884","display_name":"Anna Brunstr\u00f6m","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7311-9334"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43968019","display_name":"Karlstad University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s754026","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43968019"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Brunstrom","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Karlstad University, Sweden","Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Karlstad University Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Karlstad University, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43968019"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Karlstad University Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43968019"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102018078"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43968019"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5783,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84672335,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"234","last_page":"238"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10138","display_name":"Network Traffic and Congestion Control","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11409","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Network Optimization","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handshake","display_name":"Handshake","score":0.7919221520423889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-delay","display_name":"Network delay","score":0.7843374013900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7760025858879089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.6882724165916443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6171875596046448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/end-to-end-delay","display_name":"End-to-end delay","score":0.5540171265602112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/processing-delay","display_name":"Processing delay","score":0.5359058976173401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-simulation","display_name":"Network simulation","score":0.5001850128173828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-performance","display_name":"Network performance","score":0.46802788972854614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol-stack","display_name":"Protocol stack","score":0.45966848731040955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.42734211683273315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.4264974594116211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propagation-delay","display_name":"Propagation delay","score":0.4174741804599762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4154302775859833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission-delay","display_name":"Transmission delay","score":0.35785412788391113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1453123390674591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.08224552869796753}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778000800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830043","display_name":"Handshake","level":3,"score":0.7919221520423889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152623178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q436417","display_name":"Network delay","level":3,"score":0.7843374013900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7760025858879089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.6882724165916443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6171875596046448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37624559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5375776","display_name":"End-to-end delay","level":3,"score":0.5540171265602112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21434264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7247320","display_name":"Processing delay","level":4,"score":0.5359058976173401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139940560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q290036","display_name":"Network simulation","level":2,"score":0.5001850128173828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203274722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7001161","display_name":"Network performance","level":2,"score":0.46802788972854614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38601921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1757693","display_name":"Protocol stack","level":3,"score":0.45966848731040955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.42734211683273315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.4264974594116211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90806461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1144416","display_name":"Propagation delay","level":2,"score":0.4174741804599762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4154302775859833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108921912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7834639","display_name":"Transmission delay","level":3,"score":0.35785412788391113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1453123390674591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.08224552869796753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151319957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752739","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/eucnc.2015.7194075","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc.2015.7194075","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:kau-37756","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-37756","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:kau-37756","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-37756","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W52657929","https://openalex.org/W1712090402","https://openalex.org/W1817407785","https://openalex.org/W1982445646","https://openalex.org/W2006788199","https://openalex.org/W2023820561","https://openalex.org/W2063753557","https://openalex.org/W2074028702","https://openalex.org/W2129636357","https://openalex.org/W2141847331","https://openalex.org/W2153771889","https://openalex.org/W2159559173","https://openalex.org/W2284512399","https://openalex.org/W4238579824","https://openalex.org/W6637516643","https://openalex.org/W6695369691"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W77573491","https://openalex.org/W4366679797","https://openalex.org/W3091405833","https://openalex.org/W2169254439","https://openalex.org/W2125448478","https://openalex.org/W78977128","https://openalex.org/W2592965047","https://openalex.org/W2919246144","https://openalex.org/W2127389870","https://openalex.org/W2016489600"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Network":[0],"delays":[1],"and":[2,23,42,100],"user":[3],"perceived":[4],"latencies":[5],"are":[6],"of":[7,34,60,76,129,140,155,170],"major":[8],"importance":[9,139],"in":[10,13,73,113,134],"many":[11],"applications":[12],"cellular":[14],"networks.":[15],"Delays":[16],"can":[17,90,165],"be":[18],"measured":[19,123],"with":[20,93],"multiple":[21],"approaches":[22],"at":[24],"different":[25,88],"protocol":[26],"layers.":[27],"This":[28],"work":[29],"involves":[30],"a":[31,39,67,167],"detailed":[32],"examination":[33,63],"several":[35],"delay":[36,49,85,94,112,124,173],"metrics":[37,89],"from":[38,96],"network,":[40,136],"transport,":[41],"application":[43],"perspective.":[44],"The":[45,62,80],"study":[46],"explores":[47],"base":[48,110],"as":[50,52],"well":[51],"latency":[53,143],"under":[54,144],"load,":[55],"capturing":[56,142],"also":[57,141],"the":[58,74,84,97,105,135,138],"effect":[59],"buffering.":[61],"is":[64,121],"based":[65],"on":[66],"comprehensive":[68],"active":[69],"measurement":[70],"campaign":[71],"performed":[72],"networks":[75],"four":[77],"Swedish":[78],"operators.":[79],"results":[81,108],"show":[82,160],"that":[83,161],"captured":[86,95],"by":[87,126],"vary":[91],"significantly,":[92],"TCP":[98],"three-way-handshake":[99],"adaptive":[101],"ping":[102],"measurements":[103,164],"giving":[104],"most":[106],"consistent":[107],"for":[109],"network":[111,148,163],"our":[114],"measurements.":[115],"As":[116],"expected,":[117],"when":[118,146],"background":[119],"traffic":[120],"introduced":[122],"increases":[125],"an":[127,152],"order":[128],"magnitude":[130],"due":[131],"to":[132],"buffering":[133],"highlighting":[137],"load":[145],"describing":[147],"performance.":[149,174],"Finally,":[150],"using":[151],"analytic":[153],"model":[154],"flow":[156],"completion":[157],"time,":[158],"we":[159],"well-selected":[162],"provide":[166],"good":[168],"prediction":[169],"higher":[171],"layer":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
