{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411688867","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc/6gsummit63408.2025.11037159","title":"Short-Range Energy-Aware Optical Wireless Communications Module for Ns-3","display_name":"Short-Range Energy-Aware Optical Wireless Communications Module for Ns-3","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411688867","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc/6gsummit63408.2025.11037159"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/eucnc/6gsummit63408.2025.11037159","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc/6gsummit63408.2025.11037159","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 Joint European Conference on Networks and Communications & 6G Summit (EuCNC/6G Summit)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101955465","display_name":"Tiago Ribeiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1603-1218"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166615","display_name":"INESC TEC","ror":"https://ror.org/05fa8ka61","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiago Ribeiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade do Porto Campus da FEUP, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias,INESC TEC and Faculdade de Engenharia,Porto,Portugal,4200-465"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade do Porto Campus da FEUP, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias,INESC TEC and Faculdade de Engenharia,Porto,Portugal,4200-465","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061716927","display_name":"S\u00e9rgio Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4410-3071"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166615","display_name":"INESC TEC","ror":"https://ror.org/05fa8ka61","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S\u00e9rgio Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade do Porto Campus da FEUP, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias,INESC TEC and Faculdade de Engenharia,Porto,Portugal,4200-465"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade do Porto Campus da FEUP, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias,INESC TEC and Faculdade de Engenharia,Porto,Portugal,4200-465","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079820384","display_name":"Jo\u00e3o Loureiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6060-7662"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166615","display_name":"INESC TEC","ror":"https://ror.org/05fa8ka61","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jo\u00e3o Pedro Loureiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade do Porto Campus da FEUP, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias,INESC TEC and Faculdade de Engenharia,Porto,Portugal,4200-465"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade do Porto Campus da FEUP, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias,INESC TEC and Faculdade de Engenharia,Porto,Portugal,4200-465","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089694103","display_name":"Eduardo Nuno Almeida","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9981-9574"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166615","display_name":"INESC TEC","ror":"https://ror.org/05fa8ka61","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eduardo Nuno Almeida","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade do Porto Campus da FEUP, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias,INESC TEC and Faculdade de Engenharia,Porto,Portugal,4200-465"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade do Porto Campus da FEUP, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias,INESC TEC and Faculdade de Engenharia,Porto,Portugal,4200-465","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083594861","display_name":"Nuno T. Almeida","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8934-4640"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166615","display_name":"INESC TEC","ror":"https://ror.org/05fa8ka61","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nuno T. Almeida","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade do Porto Campus da FEUP, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias,INESC TEC and Faculdade de Engenharia,Porto,Portugal,4200-465"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade do Porto Campus da FEUP, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias,INESC TEC and Faculdade de Engenharia,Porto,Portugal,4200-465","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037152651","display_name":"H\u00e9lder Fontes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7672-8335"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166615","display_name":"INESC TEC","ror":"https://ror.org/05fa8ka61","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Helder Fontes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade do Porto Campus da FEUP, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias,INESC TEC and Faculdade de Engenharia,Porto,Portugal,4200-465"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade do Porto Campus da FEUP, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias,INESC TEC and Faculdade de Engenharia,Porto,Portugal,4200-465","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4704,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87796549,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"846","last_page":"851"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9035999774932861,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9035999774932861,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.6239885687828064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6149665713310242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.5784830451011658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4857931137084961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.4506929814815521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4342935383319855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3211056590080261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17800965905189514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.11755242943763733}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.6239885687828064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6149665713310242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.5784830451011658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4857931137084961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4506929814815521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4342935383319855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3211056590080261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17800965905189514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11755242943763733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/eucnc/6gsummit63408.2025.11037159","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc/6gsummit63408.2025.11037159","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 Joint European Conference on Networks and Communications & 6G Summit (EuCNC/6G Summit)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314731","display_name":"UK Research and Innovation","ror":"https://ror.org/001aqnf71"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2195032891","https://openalex.org/W2329036389","https://openalex.org/W2761519692","https://openalex.org/W3093786478","https://openalex.org/W3101674493","https://openalex.org/W3196531682","https://openalex.org/W4210474745","https://openalex.org/W4387140020"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2111375262","https://openalex.org/W2317728013","https://openalex.org/W4252076617","https://openalex.org/W1991205173","https://openalex.org/W2109048960","https://openalex.org/W2741481635","https://openalex.org/W2338537463","https://openalex.org/W2183644707","https://openalex.org/W2038165453","https://openalex.org/W1885824365"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Optical":[0],"Wireless":[1],"Communications":[2],"(OWC)":[3],"has":[4],"recently":[5],"emerged":[6],"as":[7],"a":[8,64,106,110],"viable":[9],"alternative":[10],"to":[11,115,136],"radio-frequency":[12],"technology,":[13],"especially":[14],"for":[15,45],"the":[16,87,119,128,138],"Internet":[17],"of":[18,69,89,130,140],"Things":[19],"(IoT)":[20],"domain.":[21],"However,":[22],"current":[23],"simulation":[24],"tools":[25],"primarily":[26],"focus":[27],"on":[28],"physical":[29],"layer":[30],"modelling,":[31],"ignoring":[32],"network-level":[33],"issues":[34],"and":[35,56,59,67,72,78,133],"energy-constrained":[36],"environments.":[37],"This":[38],"paper":[39],"presents":[40],"an":[41,61,97],"energy-aware":[42],"OWC":[43],"module":[44,52,132],"ns-3":[46],"that":[47,96],"addresses":[48],"these":[49],"limitations.":[50],"The":[51],"includes":[53],"specific":[54],"PHY":[55],"MAC":[57],"layers":[58],"integrates":[60],"energy":[62],"model,":[63,66],"mobility":[65,93],"models":[68],"monochromatic":[70],"transceivers":[71],"photodetectors,":[73],"supporting":[74],"both":[75],"visible":[76],"light":[77],"infrared":[79],"(IR)":[80],"communications.":[81],"Verification":[82],"against":[83],"MATLAB":[84],"simulations":[85],"confirms":[86],"accuracy":[88],"our":[90,131],"implementation.":[91],"Additionally,":[92],"tests":[94],"demonstrate":[95],"energy-restricted":[98],"end":[99],"device":[100],"transmitting":[101],"via":[102],"IR":[103],"can":[104],"maintain":[105],"stable":[107],"connection":[108],"with":[109],"gateway":[111],"at":[112],"distances":[113],"up":[114],"2.5":[116],"m,":[117],"provided":[118],"SNR":[120],"is":[121],"above":[122],"10":[123],"dB.":[124],"These":[125],"results":[126],"confirm":[127],"capabilities":[129],"its":[134],"potential":[135],"facilitate":[137],"development":[139],"energy-efficient":[141],"OWC-based":[142],"IoT":[143],"systems.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}