{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3183307237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc/6gsummit51104.2021.9482525","title":"Evaluating a Novel Bluetooth 5.1 AoA Approach for Low-Cost Indoor Vehicle Tracking via Simulation","display_name":"Evaluating a Novel Bluetooth 5.1 AoA Approach for Low-Cost Indoor Vehicle Tracking via Simulation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3183307237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc/6gsummit51104.2021.9482525","mag":"3183307237"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/eucnc/6gsummit51104.2021.9482525","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc/6gsummit51104.2021.9482525","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 Joint European Conference on Networks and Communications &amp; 6G Summit (EuCNC/6G Summit)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001691675","display_name":"Nuno Paulino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5547-0323"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166615","display_name":"INESC TEC","ror":"https://ror.org/05fa8ka61","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nuno Paulino","raw_affiliation_strings":["INESC TEC and Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, PORTUGAL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INESC TEC and Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, PORTUGAL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067749527","display_name":"L. M. Pessoa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6805-7191"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166615","display_name":"INESC TEC","ror":"https://ror.org/05fa8ka61","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis M. Pessoa","raw_affiliation_strings":["INESC TEC and Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, PORTUGAL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INESC TEC and Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, PORTUGAL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047614270","display_name":"Andre Branquinho","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andre Branquinho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wavecom - Solu\u00e7\u00f5es R\u00e1dio SA, Aveiro, PORTUGAL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wavecom - Solu\u00e7\u00f5es R\u00e1dio SA, Aveiro, PORTUGAL","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034190160","display_name":"Edgar Gon\u00e7alves","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edgar Goncalves","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wavecom - Solu\u00e7\u00f5es R\u00e1dio SA, Aveiro, PORTUGAL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wavecom - Solu\u00e7\u00f5es R\u00e1dio SA, Aveiro, PORTUGAL","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.628,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81154121,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"259","last_page":"264"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12801","display_name":"Bluetooth and Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9747999906539917,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beacon","display_name":"Beacon","score":0.9515200853347778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bluetooth","display_name":"Bluetooth","score":0.7912360429763794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7094922661781311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/angle-of-arrival","display_name":"Angle of arrival","score":0.6378771066665649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.5606950521469116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5125184059143066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.5076156854629517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.47124844789505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.37996014952659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.24289456009864807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1887775957584381}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102168758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7321258","display_name":"Beacon","level":2,"score":0.9515200853347778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546215728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39531","display_name":"Bluetooth","level":3,"score":0.7912360429763794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7094922661781311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13545353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4763363","display_name":"Angle of arrival","level":3,"score":0.6378771066665649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5606950521469116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5125184059143066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.5076156854629517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.47124844789505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.37996014952659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.24289456009864807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1887775957584381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/eucnc/6gsummit51104.2021.9482525","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc/6gsummit51104.2021.9482525","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 Joint European Conference on Networks and Communications &amp; 6G Summit (EuCNC/6G Summit)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6399999856948853}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2502764193","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"POCI-01-0247-FEDER-045388","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1893431417","https://openalex.org/W2105934661","https://openalex.org/W2204780533","https://openalex.org/W2623253267","https://openalex.org/W2896288916","https://openalex.org/W2964029185","https://openalex.org/W2974403665","https://openalex.org/W2997867422","https://openalex.org/W3085282225","https://openalex.org/W3157508035","https://openalex.org/W4288124122","https://openalex.org/W6688189775","https://openalex.org/W6795083046"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2567632598","https://openalex.org/W2106845956","https://openalex.org/W3158435160","https://openalex.org/W4313213593","https://openalex.org/W2518860590","https://openalex.org/W3136975152","https://openalex.org/W2165091969","https://openalex.org/W2100869099","https://openalex.org/W2528042058","https://openalex.org/W2949670021"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"recent":[1],"Bluetooth":[2],"5.1":[3],"specification":[4],"introduced":[5],"the":[6,14,37,65,79,91,97,108],"use":[7],"of":[8,16,39,43,70,86,96,99,107,125],"Angle-of-Arrival":[9],"(AoA)":[10],"information":[11],"which":[12],"enables":[13],"design":[15],"novel":[17],"low-cost":[18],"indoor":[19],"positioning":[20],"systems.":[21],"Existing":[22],"approaches":[23],"rely":[24],"on":[25],"multiple":[26],"fixed":[27,66],"gateways":[28],"equipped":[29,60],"with":[30,61],"antenna":[31,62],"arrays,":[32,63],"in":[33],"order":[34],"to":[35,77],"determine":[36],"location":[38],"an":[40,54],"arbitrary":[41],"number":[42,98],"simple":[44],"mobile":[45,57],"omni-directional":[46],"emitters.":[47],"In":[48],"this":[49],"paper,":[50],"we":[51],"instead":[52],"present":[53],"approach":[55],"where":[56],"receivers":[58],"are":[59],"and":[64,104],"infrastructure":[67],"is":[68,113],"composed":[69],"battery-powered":[71],"beacons.":[72],"We":[73,89],"implement":[74],"a":[75,82,94,121],"simulator":[76],"evaluate":[78],"solution":[80,92],"using":[81,115],"real-world":[83],"data":[84],"set":[85],"AoA":[87],"measurements.":[88],"evaluated":[90],"as":[93],"function":[95],"beacons,":[100],"their":[101],"transmission":[102,123],"period,":[103],"algorithmic":[105],"parameters":[106],"position":[109],"estimation.":[110],"Sub-meter":[111],"accuracy":[112],"achievable":[114],"1":[116],"beacon":[117,122],"per":[118],"15":[119],"m2and":[120],"period":[124],"500":[126],"ms.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
