{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400034262","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ets61313.2024.10567242","title":"Polynomial Formal Verification of Approximate Adders with Constant Cutwidth","display_name":"Polynomial Formal Verification of Approximate Adders with Constant Cutwidth","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400034262","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ets61313.2024.10567242"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ets61313.2024.10567242","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ets61313.2024.10567242","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE European Test Symposium (ETS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047269650","display_name":"Mohamed Nadeem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0835-1070"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180437899","display_name":"University of Bremen","ror":"https://ror.org/04ers2y35","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Nadeem","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bremen,Bremen,Germany","University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bremen,Bremen,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022866615","display_name":"Chandan Kumar Jha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7237-5878"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180437899","display_name":"University of Bremen","ror":"https://ror.org/04ers2y35","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chandan Kumar Jha","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bremen,Bremen,Germany","University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bremen,Bremen,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071742136","display_name":"Rolf Drechsler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9872-1740"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180437899","display_name":"University of Bremen","ror":"https://ror.org/04ers2y35","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rolf Drechsler","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bremen,Bremen,Germany","University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bremen,Bremen,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047269650"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4808,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89957479,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9708999991416931,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11159","display_name":"Manufacturing Process and Optimization","score":0.9180999994277954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constant","display_name":"Constant (computer programming)","score":0.7419106960296631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adder","display_name":"Adder","score":0.7334499955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polynomial","display_name":"Polynomial","score":0.579050600528717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4553258419036865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4389719069004059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.39333564043045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.3591182827949524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.13326400518417358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.09760648012161255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07887265086174011}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777027219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1284190","display_name":"Constant (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.7419106960296631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164620267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376953","display_name":"Adder","level":3,"score":0.7334499955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90119067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43260","display_name":"Polynomial","level":2,"score":0.579050600528717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4553258419036865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4389719069004059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.39333564043045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.3591182827949524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.13326400518417358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.09760648012161255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07887265086174011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ets61313.2024.10567242","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ets61313.2024.10567242","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE European Test Symposium (ETS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W34381828","https://openalex.org/W67485690","https://openalex.org/W1484403583","https://openalex.org/W1606891084","https://openalex.org/W1639901403","https://openalex.org/W2005865544","https://openalex.org/W2036265926","https://openalex.org/W2049791401","https://openalex.org/W2076698873","https://openalex.org/W2091138122","https://openalex.org/W2097333141","https://openalex.org/W2100465945","https://openalex.org/W2180619841","https://openalex.org/W2342889976","https://openalex.org/W2418533992","https://openalex.org/W2798849870","https://openalex.org/W2986165447","https://openalex.org/W2996685260","https://openalex.org/W3009178428","https://openalex.org/W3146960355","https://openalex.org/W3162314170","https://openalex.org/W3165204519","https://openalex.org/W3212814011","https://openalex.org/W4205522466","https://openalex.org/W4211177236","https://openalex.org/W4229450561","https://openalex.org/W4310732148","https://openalex.org/W4313496518","https://openalex.org/W4367663117","https://openalex.org/W4399886033","https://openalex.org/W6704599368"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390550886","https://openalex.org/W3217463396","https://openalex.org/W2790557758","https://openalex.org/W2516396101","https://openalex.org/W3204929712","https://openalex.org/W4295102875","https://openalex.org/W2300671402","https://openalex.org/W1993041309","https://openalex.org/W2013839957","https://openalex.org/W3196607417"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,121],"the":[1,28,114,152,160,173,177],"context":[2],"of":[3,151,172,176],"digital":[4],"circuits,":[5],"formal":[6,99,109],"verification":[7,19,110,158,180],"methods":[8,20],"have":[9,49,79,95],"been":[10,39,96],"well-studied":[11],"to":[12,22,41,88,98,111,154],"ensure":[13],"their":[14,90],"functional":[15,119],"correctness.":[16,91],"However,":[17],"several":[18,128,167],"fail":[21],"provide":[23,138],"an":[24],"upper":[25,174],"bound":[26,175],"for":[27],"time":[29],"and":[30,179],"space":[31],"complexity.":[32],"Therefore,":[33],"Polynomial":[34],"Formal":[35],"Verification":[36],"(PFV)":[37],"has":[38],"introduced":[40],"address":[42],"this":[43,122,145],"problem.":[44],"Unlike":[45],"prior":[46,93],"works,":[47],"which":[48],"shown":[50],"that":[51,62,113,127,142],"approximate":[52,63,77,115,129,168],"circuits":[53,64,78,131,153],"can":[54,69],"be":[55,70],"verified":[56,71],"in":[57,73,82,170],"polynomial":[58],"time,":[59],"we":[60,102,124,165],"show":[61,126],"with":[65],"a":[66,133,139,148,156],"constant":[67,134],"cutwidth":[68,146],"even":[72],"linear":[74],"time.":[75,181],"Since":[76],"become":[80],"ubiquitous":[81],"error-resilient":[83],"applications,":[84],"it":[85],"becomes":[86],"essential":[87],"guarantee":[89,112,155],"While":[92],"works":[94],"limited":[97],"error":[100],"analysis,":[101],"use":[103],"Answer":[104],"Set":[105],"Programming":[106],"(ASP)":[107],"based":[108],"circuit":[116],"matches":[117],"its":[118],"specification.":[120],"paper,":[123],"first":[125],"adder":[130],"exhibit":[132],"cutwidth.":[135],"We":[136],"then":[137],"PFV":[140],"approach":[141],"relies":[143],"on":[144],"as":[147],"structural":[149],"property":[150],"linear-time":[157],"w.r.t.":[159],"bitwidth":[161],"using":[162],"ASP.":[163],"Finally,":[164],"evaluate":[166],"adders":[169],"terms":[171],"cutwidth,":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}