{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387583594","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa54631.2023.10275488","title":"Model Predictive Control of a wastewater treatment process using neural networks","display_name":"Model Predictive Control of a wastewater treatment process using neural networks","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387583594","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa54631.2023.10275488"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/etfa54631.2023.10275488","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa54631.2023.10275488","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 28th International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030434658","display_name":"Iulian Vasiliev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2791-0824"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3122748864","display_name":"\"Dunarea de Jos\" University of Galati","ror":"https://ror.org/052sta926","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3122748864"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iulian Vasiliev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dun&#x0103;rea de Jos University of Galati,Department of Automation and Electrical Engineering,Galati,Romania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dun&#x0103;rea de Jos University of Galati,Department of Automation and Electrical Engineering,Galati,Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3122748864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007094123","display_name":"Irina Luca","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3122748864","display_name":"\"Dunarea de Jos\" University of Galati","ror":"https://ror.org/052sta926","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3122748864"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Irina Luca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dun&#x0103;rea de Jos University of Galati,Department of Automation and Electrical Engineering,Galati,Romania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dun&#x0103;rea de Jos University of Galati,Department of Automation and Electrical Engineering,Galati,Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3122748864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013949017","display_name":"Larisa Condrachi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2877-8802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3122748864","display_name":"\"Dunarea de Jos\" University of Galati","ror":"https://ror.org/052sta926","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3122748864"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Larisa Condrachi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dun&#x0103;rea de Jos University of Galati,Department of Automation and Electrical Engineering,Galati,Romania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dun&#x0103;rea de Jos University of Galati,Department of Automation and Electrical Engineering,Galati,Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3122748864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028127535","display_name":"Lauren\u021biu Luca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7743-6772"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3122748864","display_name":"\"Dunarea de Jos\" University of Galati","ror":"https://ror.org/052sta926","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3122748864"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laurentiu Luca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dun&#x0103;rea de Jos University of Galati,Department of Automation and Electrical Engineering,Galati,Romania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dun&#x0103;rea de Jos University of Galati,Department of Automation and Electrical Engineering,Galati,Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3122748864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028691880","display_name":"Marian Barbu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6645-3705"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3122748864","display_name":"\"Dunarea de Jos\" University of Galati","ror":"https://ror.org/052sta926","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3122748864"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marian Barbu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dun&#x0103;rea de Jos University of Galati,Department of Automation and Electrical Engineering,Galati,Romania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dun&#x0103;rea de Jos University of Galati,Department of Automation and Electrical Engineering,Galati,Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3122748864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045101158","display_name":"Ram\u00f3n Vilanova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-5199"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123044942","display_name":"Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona","ror":"https://ror.org/052g8jq94","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123044942"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramon Vilanova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Autonomous University of Barcelona,Department of Automation Systems and Advanced Control Research,Barcelona,Spain","Department of Automation Systems and Advanced Control Research, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Autonomous University of Barcelona,Department of Automation Systems and Advanced Control Research,Barcelona,Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123044942"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation Systems and Advanced Control Research, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123044942"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050369818","display_name":"Sergiu Caraman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4752-7446"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3122748864","display_name":"\"Dunarea de Jos\" University of Galati","ror":"https://ror.org/052sta926","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3122748864"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sergiu Caraman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dun&#x0103;rea de Jos University of Galati,Department of Automation and Electrical Engineering,Galati,Romania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dun&#x0103;rea de Jos University of Galati,Department of Automation and Electrical Engineering,Galati,Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3122748864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10564","display_name":"Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10564","display_name":"Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9836999773979187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9832000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.7847691178321838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/effluent","display_name":"Effluent","score":0.6543712019920349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aeration","display_name":"Aeration","score":0.6517512798309326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-predictive-control","display_name":"Model predictive control","score":0.6165710687637329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sewage-treatment","display_name":"Sewage treatment","score":0.5990923643112183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5581837892532349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wastewater","display_name":"Wastewater","score":0.5504615306854248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.527866542339325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-control","display_name":"Process control","score":0.5039965510368347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/substrate","display_name":"Substrate (aquarium)","score":0.4528074264526367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-engineering","display_name":"Process engineering","score":0.40364283323287964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.37360596656799316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.35483425855636597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2854089140892029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-engineering","display_name":"Environmental engineering","score":0.28110218048095703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.2725207805633545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2484850287437439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waste-management","display_name":"Waste management","score":0.22108221054077148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.06270313262939453}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.7847691178321838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147455438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057706","display_name":"Effluent","level":2,"score":0.6543712019920349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86922832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381105","display_name":"Aeration","level":2,"score":0.6517512798309326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172205157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1782962","display_name":"Model predictive control","level":3,"score":0.6165710687637329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57442070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221275","display_name":"Sewage treatment","level":2,"score":0.5990923643112183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5581837892532349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94061648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336191","display_name":"Wastewater","level":2,"score":0.5504615306854248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.527866542339325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155386361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1649571","display_name":"Process control","level":3,"score":0.5039965510368347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777289219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7632154","display_name":"Substrate (aquarium)","level":2,"score":0.4528074264526367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.40364283323287964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.37360596656799316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.35483425855636597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2854089140892029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.28110218048095703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.2725207805633545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2484850287437439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.22108221054077148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.06270313262939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/etfa54631.2023.10275488","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa54631.2023.10275488","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 28th International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1589674402","https://openalex.org/W1738086807","https://openalex.org/W1870509683","https://openalex.org/W1968237246","https://openalex.org/W1974421255","https://openalex.org/W1976623725","https://openalex.org/W1989898291","https://openalex.org/W1996044969","https://openalex.org/W2003804629","https://openalex.org/W2017758284","https://openalex.org/W2025944023","https://openalex.org/W2041684917","https://openalex.org/W2075490561","https://openalex.org/W2106552417","https://openalex.org/W2116205101","https://openalex.org/W2149515316","https://openalex.org/W2170398531","https://openalex.org/W2800540533","https://openalex.org/W3209714674","https://openalex.org/W4211108442","https://openalex.org/W4292510839","https://openalex.org/W6635147993","https://openalex.org/W6637501037"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4285578642","https://openalex.org/W2725420826","https://openalex.org/W2573294711","https://openalex.org/W3037695495","https://openalex.org/W2794467456","https://openalex.org/W2160504812","https://openalex.org/W2356669227","https://openalex.org/W2768626418","https://openalex.org/W1980268383","https://openalex.org/W4387008175"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"deals":[2],"with":[3],"the":[4,7,17,23,27,31,34,52,67,71,74,83,87,102,106,113,116,125,131,138,147,152],"increasing":[5],"of":[6,10,19,33,36,51,66,73,86,115,127,146,151,160],"operation":[8],"efficiency":[9],"a":[11,49,56,62,157],"wastewater":[12,53],"treatment":[13,54],"plant":[14],"by":[15],"reducing":[16],"level":[18],"pollutant":[20],"concentration":[21,35],"in":[22,101,124],"effluent.":[24],"In":[25,82],"essence,":[26],"main":[28],"goal":[29],"is":[30],"reduction":[32],"organic":[37,107],"substrate,":[38,148],"Model":[39],"Predictive":[40],"Control":[41],"algorithm":[42,133],"being":[43],"used":[44,143],"for":[45],"this,":[46],"considering":[47],"as":[48],"model":[50,59,65],"process":[55],"neural":[57,78,88,118,140],"network":[58,141],"based":[60],"on":[61],"simplified":[63],"mathematical":[64],"4th":[68],"order.":[69],"For":[70],"implementation":[72],"control":[75,132],"algorithm,":[76],"two":[77,117],"networks":[79],"were":[80,122],"trained.":[81],"first":[84],"version":[85],"network,":[89],"it":[90],"was":[91,109,142],"considered":[92,110],"that":[93],"all":[94],"4":[95],"state":[96],"variables":[97],"are":[98],"measurable":[99],"and":[100],"second":[103,139],"version,":[104],"only":[105],"substrate":[108],"measurable.":[111],"Regarding":[112],"training":[114],"networks,":[119],"good":[120],"results":[121,136],"obtained":[123],"case":[126],"both":[128],"versions.":[129],"Instead,":[130],"gave":[134],"better":[135],"when":[137],"(lower":[144],"values":[145],"lower":[149,158],"variations":[150],"aeration":[153],"rate,":[154],"which":[155],"means":[156],"cost":[159],"operation).":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
