{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2543165192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2014.7005177","title":"Latency evaluation of a firewall for industrial networks based on the Tofino Industrial Security Solution","display_name":"Latency evaluation of a firewall for industrial networks based on the Tofino Industrial Security Solution","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2543165192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2014.7005177","mag":"2543165192"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/etfa.2014.7005177","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2014.7005177","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE Emerging Technology and Factory Automation (ETFA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070030660","display_name":"Marco Cereia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100607","display_name":"Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/00n4jbh84","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100607","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marco Cereia","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNR-IEIIT, Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNR-IEIIT, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100607"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059685216","display_name":"Ivan Cibrario Bertolotti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-9993"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100607","display_name":"Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/00n4jbh84","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100607","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivan Cibrario Bertolotti","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNR-IEIIT, Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNR-IEIIT, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100607"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073515654","display_name":"Luca Durante","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9319-7620"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100607","display_name":"Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/00n4jbh84","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100607","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca Durante","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNR-IEIIT, Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNR-IEIIT, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100607"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067697252","display_name":"Adriano Valenzano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1238-0808"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100607","display_name":"Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/00n4jbh84","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100607","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adriano Valenzano","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNR-IEIIT, Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNR-IEIIT, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100607"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070030660"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100607"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3925,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85250676,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12326","display_name":"Network Packet Processing and Optimization","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firewall","display_name":"Firewall (physics)","score":0.7777982950210571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modbus","display_name":"Modbus","score":0.6997883915901184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6720847487449646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-control-system","display_name":"Industrial control system","score":0.573899507522583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/application-firewall","display_name":"Application firewall","score":0.5660171508789062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5651761889457703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.5520025491714478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-security","display_name":"Network security","score":0.4488098621368408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.44705361127853394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-ethernet","display_name":"Industrial Ethernet","score":0.41918328404426575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.41257986426353455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stateful-firewall","display_name":"Stateful firewall","score":0.31587734818458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.23460987210273743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-protocol","display_name":"Communications protocol","score":0.15460893511772156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.14699861407279968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethernet","display_name":"Ethernet","score":0.10730636119842529}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77714075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5452017","display_name":"Firewall (physics)","level":5,"score":0.7777982950210571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776666747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135322","display_name":"Modbus","level":3,"score":0.6997883915901184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6720847487449646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40071531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2513962","display_name":"Industrial control system","level":3,"score":0.573899507522583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86444895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451816","display_name":"Application firewall","level":4,"score":0.5660171508789062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5651761889457703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.5520025491714478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182590292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989632","display_name":"Network security","level":2,"score":0.4488098621368408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.44705361127853394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167151114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1661930","display_name":"Industrial Ethernet","level":3,"score":0.41918328404426575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.41257986426353455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22927095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1784206","display_name":"Stateful firewall","level":3,"score":0.31587734818458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.23460987210273743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12269588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132364","display_name":"Communications protocol","level":2,"score":0.15460893511772156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.14699861407279968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172173386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79984","display_name":"Ethernet","level":2,"score":0.10730636119842529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124017977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11412","display_name":"Gravitation","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183915046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1316152","display_name":"Charged black hole","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115304011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72755","display_name":"Schwarzschild radius","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/etfa.2014.7005177","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2014.7005177","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE Emerging Technology and Factory Automation (ETFA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1996960305","https://openalex.org/W2074363389","https://openalex.org/W2110817709","https://openalex.org/W2129265777","https://openalex.org/W2136141557","https://openalex.org/W2144759496","https://openalex.org/W2149338075","https://openalex.org/W2170696969"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2361515550","https://openalex.org/W2009238965","https://openalex.org/W2916429898","https://openalex.org/W4363647490","https://openalex.org/W4310291187","https://openalex.org/W2347324149","https://openalex.org/W2144255176","https://openalex.org/W2592819086","https://openalex.org/W2222333653","https://openalex.org/W2418427999"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nowadays,":[0],"industrial":[1,45,113],"control":[2,46,114],"networks":[3,47,115],"are":[4,95],"no":[5],"longer":[6],"conceived":[7],"as":[8,56],"isolated":[9],"systems,":[10,31],"being":[11],"them":[12],"exposed":[13],"to":[14,43,76,86],"the":[15,32,39,70,78,89,93,105,118,134,144,148,168],"same":[16],"kind":[17,29],"of":[18,30,81,92,104,133,171],"security":[19,34,158],"threats":[20],"affecting":[21],"traditional":[22,64],"office":[23],"and":[24,58],"business":[25],"networks.":[26,65],"For":[27,66],"this":[28,67],"main":[33,130],"requirement":[35],"is":[36,80,137,141],"availability,":[37],"thus":[38],"protection":[40,149],"measures":[41],"used":[42,75],"secure":[44],"must":[48],"take":[49],"into":[50],"account":[51],"also":[52],"performance":[53],"aspects,":[54],"such":[55],"latency":[57,107],"jitters,":[59],"usually":[60],"not":[61],"critical":[62],"in":[63,84,128,143],"reason,":[68],"knowing":[69],"delays":[71],"introduced":[72,108],"by":[73,109],"devices":[74],"protect":[77],"network":[79,145],"paramount":[82],"importance,":[83],"order":[85],"evaluate":[87],"whether":[88],"timing":[90],"constraints":[91],"communication":[94,106],"still":[96],"satisfied.":[97],"This":[98],"paper":[99],"presents":[100],"an":[101],"experimental":[102],"evaluation":[103],"a":[110],"firewall":[111],"for":[112],"built":[116],"around":[117],"Tofino":[119],"Industrial":[120],"Security":[121],"Solution.":[122],"Experiments":[123],"have":[124],"been":[125],"carried":[126],"out":[127],"three":[129],"working":[131],"conditions":[132],"firewall,":[135],"that":[136],"when":[138],"1)":[139],"it":[140,155,162],"plugged":[142],"with":[146],"all":[147],"modules":[150],"disabled":[151],"(decommissioned":[152],"mode);":[153],"2)":[154],"implements":[156],"basic":[157],"policies":[159],"only;":[160],"3)":[161],"adopts":[163],"complex":[164],"filtering":[165],"mechanisms":[166],"allowing":[167],"deep":[169],"inspection":[170],"Modbus":[172],"TCP":[173],"packets.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}