{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2020575235","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2011.6059061","title":"Design and application of Soft Sensor using Ensemble Methods","display_name":"Design and application of Soft Sensor using Ensemble Methods","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2020575235","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2011.6059061","mag":"2020575235"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/etfa.2011.6059061","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2011.6059061","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ETFA2011","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077066190","display_name":"Symone Gomes Soares Alcal\u00e1","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9783-6506"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76903346","display_name":"University of Coimbra","ror":"https://ror.org/04z8k9a98","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76903346"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125590","display_name":"Institute for Systems Engineering and Computers","ror":"https://ror.org/033wn8m60","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Symone Soares","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Systems and Robotics (ISR-UC), and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (DEEC-UC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal","Institute of Systems and Robotics (ISR-UC), and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (DEEC-UC), University of Coimbra, Polo II, PT-3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Systems and Robotics (ISR-UC), and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (DEEC-UC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I76903346"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Systems and Robotics (ISR-UC), and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (DEEC-UC), University of Coimbra, Polo II, PT-3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76903346"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023127369","display_name":"Rui Ara\u00fajo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1007-8675"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125590","display_name":"Institute for Systems Engineering and Computers","ror":"https://ror.org/033wn8m60","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76903346","display_name":"University of Coimbra","ror":"https://ror.org/04z8k9a98","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76903346"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Araujo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Systems and Robotics (ISR-UC), and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (DEEC-UC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal","Institute of Systems and Robotics (ISR-UC), and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (DEEC-UC), University of Coimbra, Polo II, PT-3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Systems and Robotics (ISR-UC), and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (DEEC-UC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I76903346"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Systems and Robotics (ISR-UC), and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (DEEC-UC), University of Coimbra, Polo II, PT-3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76903346"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101891374","display_name":"Pedro Sousa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1425-156X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125590","display_name":"Institute for Systems Engineering and Computers","ror":"https://ror.org/033wn8m60","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76903346","display_name":"University of Coimbra","ror":"https://ror.org/04z8k9a98","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76903346"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pedro Sousa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Systems and Robotics (ISR-UC), and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (DEEC-UC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal","Institute of Systems and Robotics (ISR-UC), and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (DEEC-UC), University of Coimbra, Polo II, PT-3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Systems and Robotics (ISR-UC), and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (DEEC-UC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I76903346"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Systems and Robotics (ISR-UC), and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (DEEC-UC), University of Coimbra, Polo II, PT-3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76903346"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015086090","display_name":"Francisco Souza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6362-9349"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125590","display_name":"Institute for Systems Engineering and Computers","ror":"https://ror.org/033wn8m60","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76903346","display_name":"University of Coimbra","ror":"https://ror.org/04z8k9a98","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76903346"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francisco Souza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Systems and Robotics (ISR-UC), and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (DEEC-UC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal","Institute of Systems and Robotics (ISR-UC), and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (DEEC-UC), University of Coimbra, Polo II, PT-3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Systems and Robotics (ISR-UC), and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (DEEC-UC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I76903346"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Systems and Robotics (ISR-UC), and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (DEEC-UC), University of Coimbra, Polo II, PT-3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76903346"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077066190"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I76903346"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3139,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84094942,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12282","display_name":"Mineral Processing and Grinding","score":0.9840999841690063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9837999939918518,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6836156845092773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soft-sensor","display_name":"Soft sensor","score":0.6187403798103333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-control","display_name":"Process control","score":0.49078282713890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-engineering","display_name":"Process engineering","score":0.4686441123485565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.45056289434432983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raw-material","display_name":"Raw material","score":0.42488592863082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3353349268436432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.3218774199485779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1926991045475006}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6836156845092773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115575686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822403","display_name":"Soft sensor","level":3,"score":0.6187403798103333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155386361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1649571","display_name":"Process control","level":3,"score":0.49078282713890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.4686441123485565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.45056289434432983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206139338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192355","display_name":"Raw material","level":2,"score":0.42488592863082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3353349268436432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.3218774199485779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1926991045475006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/etfa.2011.6059061","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2011.6059061","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ETFA2011","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.717.9262","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.717.9262","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://home.isr.uc.pt/%7Erui/publications/etfa2011_6_web.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5799999833106995,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W623776627","https://openalex.org/W1526387848","https://openalex.org/W1534477342","https://openalex.org/W1556182636","https://openalex.org/W1930551743","https://openalex.org/W1964929969","https://openalex.org/W1970172697","https://openalex.org/W1991418450","https://openalex.org/W1995945562","https://openalex.org/W1999727859","https://openalex.org/W2000651380","https://openalex.org/W2030214786","https://openalex.org/W2037884179","https://openalex.org/W2060662742","https://openalex.org/W2096976414","https://openalex.org/W2100805904","https://openalex.org/W2144097240","https://openalex.org/W2144513243","https://openalex.org/W2145073242","https://openalex.org/W2151572298","https://openalex.org/W2158875652","https://openalex.org/W2160664614","https://openalex.org/W2167055186","https://openalex.org/W2167917621","https://openalex.org/W2288450706","https://openalex.org/W2912934387","https://openalex.org/W2963575618","https://openalex.org/W3106889297","https://openalex.org/W4212883601","https://openalex.org/W6681151457","https://openalex.org/W6681651645","https://openalex.org/W6766238202"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2121854064","https://openalex.org/W2000651380","https://openalex.org/W2974238426","https://openalex.org/W2144097240","https://openalex.org/W2052809458","https://openalex.org/W2041755017","https://openalex.org/W1967511636","https://openalex.org/W2062368510","https://openalex.org/W2114135766","https://openalex.org/W3106259461","https://openalex.org/W3208965794","https://openalex.org/W2105109497","https://openalex.org/W2000728417","https://openalex.org/W3104393953","https://openalex.org/W2047192418","https://openalex.org/W3166315133","https://openalex.org/W2148843967","https://openalex.org/W2017224486","https://openalex.org/W2115874825","https://openalex.org/W2133826245"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Industries":[0],"are":[1,117,127],"faced":[2],"with":[3],"the":[4,20,30,89,111],"choice":[5],"of":[6,99,125],"suitable":[7],"process":[8],"control":[9,61],"policies":[10],"to":[11,27,41,52,71,87,101,110,119,134],"improve":[12,88],"costs,":[13],"quality":[14],"and":[15,55,60,114],"raw":[16],"material":[17],"consumption.":[18],"In":[19],"paper":[21],"pulp":[22,139],"industry,":[23],"it":[24,67],"is":[25,38,68,107,131],"important":[26],"estimate":[28,135],"quickly":[29],"Chemical":[31],"Oxygen":[32],"Demand":[33],"(COD),":[34],"a":[35,85,97,138],"parameter":[36],"that":[37],"highly":[39],"correlated":[40],"product":[42],"quality.":[43],"Soft":[44],"Sensors":[45],"(SSs)":[46],"have":[47],"been":[48],"established":[49],"as":[50,84],"alternative":[51],"hardware":[53],"sensors":[54],"laboratory":[56],"measurements":[57],"for":[58,75,92],"monitoring":[59],"purposes.":[62],"However,":[63],"in":[64,137],"real":[65],"setups":[66],"often":[69],"difficult":[70],"get":[72],"sufficient":[73],"data":[74],"SS":[76,90,130],"development.":[77],"This":[78],"work":[79],"proposes":[80],"Ensemble":[81],"Methods":[82],"(EMs)":[83],"way":[86],"performance":[91],"small":[93],"datasets.":[94],"EMs":[95,126],"use":[96],"set":[98],"models":[100],"obtain":[102],"better":[103],"prediction.":[104],"Their":[105],"success":[106],"usually":[108],"attributed":[109],"diversity.":[112],"Bootstrap":[113],"noise":[115],"injection":[116],"used":[118],"produce":[120],"diverse":[121],"models.":[122],"Several":[123],"combinations":[124],"compared.":[128],"The":[129],"successfully":[132],"applied":[133],"COD":[136],"process.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
