{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387251451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/essderc59256.2023.10268481","title":"STT-MRAM Stochastic and Defects-aware DTCO for Last Level Cache at Advanced Process Nodes","display_name":"STT-MRAM Stochastic and Defects-aware DTCO for Last Level Cache at Advanced Process Nodes","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387251451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/essderc59256.2023.10268481"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/essderc59256.2023.10268481","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/essderc59256.2023.10268481","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ESSDERC 2023 - IEEE 53rd European Solid-State Device Research Conference (ESSDERC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058982282","display_name":"Fernando Gar\u0107\u0131a-Redondo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7090-8821"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"F. Garc\u00eda-Redondo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imec Cambridge,Leuven,Belgium","Imec Cambridge, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imec Cambridge,Leuven,Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imec Cambridge, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002378343","display_name":"Siddharth Rao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6161-3052"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imec Leuven,Leuven,Belgium","Imec Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imec Leuven,Leuven,Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imec Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101885160","display_name":"Mohit Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1924-1264"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090036991","display_name":"Manu Perumkunnil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0029-6548"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Perumkunnil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imec Leuven,Leuven,Belgium","Imec Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imec Leuven,Leuven,Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imec Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Y. Xiang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Xiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imec Leuven,Leuven,Belgium","Imec Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imec Leuven,Leuven,Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imec Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048531024","display_name":"Dawit Burusie Abdi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Abdi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imec Leuven,Leuven,Belgium","Imec Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imec Leuven,Leuven,Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imec Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000437483","display_name":"S. Van Beek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2499-4172"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Van Beek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imec Leuven,Leuven,Belgium","Imec Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imec Leuven,Leuven,Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imec Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022214575","display_name":"S\u00e9bastien Couet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6436-9593"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Couet","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imec Leuven,Leuven,Belgium","Imec Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imec Leuven,Leuven,Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imec Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039278453","display_name":"M. Garc\u00eda-Bardon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Garc\u00eda-Bardon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imec Leuven,Leuven,Belgium","Imec Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imec Leuven,Leuven,Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imec Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058982282"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2814,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80128492,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"97","last_page":"100"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-random-access-memory","display_name":"Static random-access memory","score":0.8559326529502869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetoresistive-random-access-memory","display_name":"Magnetoresistive random-access memory","score":0.7633370161056519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache","display_name":"Cache","score":0.7054749727249146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49717310070991516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cpu-cache","display_name":"CPU cache","score":0.4496477544307709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leakage","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","score":0.4190121591091156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-access-memory","display_name":"Random access memory","score":0.4048038423061371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.32692813873291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.16509047150611877}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68043766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267416","display_name":"Static random-access memory","level":2,"score":0.8559326529502869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46891859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061546","display_name":"Magnetoresistive random-access memory","level":3,"score":0.7633370161056519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165596","display_name":"Cache","level":2,"score":0.7054749727249146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49717310070991516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189783530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352090","display_name":"CPU cache","level":3,"score":0.4496477544307709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777042071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6509304","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","level":2,"score":0.4190121591091156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994168587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5295","display_name":"Random access memory","level":2,"score":0.4048038423061371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.32692813873291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.16509047150611877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/essderc59256.2023.10268481","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/essderc59256.2023.10268481","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ESSDERC 2023 - IEEE 53rd European Solid-State Device Research Conference (ESSDERC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1571002046","https://openalex.org/W2290824897","https://openalex.org/W2494570756","https://openalex.org/W2912664664","https://openalex.org/W3039510527","https://openalex.org/W3101627238","https://openalex.org/W3172424168","https://openalex.org/W4205420285","https://openalex.org/W4242838932","https://openalex.org/W4286571912"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2002108625","https://openalex.org/W2089002058","https://openalex.org/W2375427054","https://openalex.org/W1909296377","https://openalex.org/W3185029353","https://openalex.org/W2969498307","https://openalex.org/W3116379964","https://openalex.org/W2915176329","https://openalex.org/W2793465010","https://openalex.org/W1744689038"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"STT-MRAM":[0,97],"is":[1],"a":[2,51,62],"promising":[3],"candidate":[4],"to":[5,14,46,75,89],"replace":[6],"SRAM":[7,93],"in":[8],"Last":[9],"Level":[10],"Caches":[11],"(LLCs)":[12],"thanks":[13],"its":[15,33],"high":[16],"density":[17],"and":[18,27,42,73,78,102],"reduced":[19],"leakage.":[20],"However,":[21],"write":[22,24],"delay,":[23],"energy,":[25],"defects":[26],"risk":[28],"of":[29,91],"breakdown":[30],"have":[31],"hindered":[32],"widespread":[34],"adoption.":[35],"To":[36],"address":[37],"these":[38],"challenges,":[39],"the":[40,95],"bitcell":[41,98],"bias":[43],"conditions":[44],"need":[45],"be":[47],"co-optimized.":[48],"We":[49],"present":[50],"Design":[52],"Technology":[53],"Co-optimization":[54],"(DTCO)":[55],"strategy":[56],"for":[57],"LLC":[58],"eSTT-MRAM":[59],"based":[60],"on":[61,68],"new":[63],"defects-aware":[64],"stochastic":[65],"framework,":[66],"calibrated":[67],"an":[69,86,92],"experimental":[70],"MTJ":[71],"array":[72],"applied":[74],"5":[76],"nm":[77,80],"3":[79],"nodes":[81],"FinFET":[82],"core":[83],"devices.":[84],"With":[85],"area":[87],"equivalent":[88],"32%":[90],"bitcell,":[94],"optimized":[96],"achieves":[99],"15":[100],"ns":[101],"1.1/1.4":[103],"pJ":[104],"per":[105],"write.":[106]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}