{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387395082","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/esscirc59616.2023.10268746","title":"An Energy-Efficient Neural Network Accelerator with Improved Protections Against Fault-Attacks","display_name":"An Energy-Efficient Neural Network Accelerator with Improved Protections Against Fault-Attacks","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387395082","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/esscirc59616.2023.10268746"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/esscirc59616.2023.10268746","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/esscirc59616.2023.10268746","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ESSCIRC 2023- IEEE 49th European Solid State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050442772","display_name":"Saurav Maji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4204-3829"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Saurav Maji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,Cambridge,MA,USA","Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,Cambridge,MA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062648698","display_name":"Kyungmi Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6406-9515"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyungmi Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,Cambridge,MA,USA","Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,Cambridge,MA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045682482","display_name":"Cheng Gongye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-0871"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng Gongye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University,Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Boston,MA,USA","Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University,Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Boston,MA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083131515","display_name":"Yunsi Fei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9930-0868"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunsi Fei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University,Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Boston,MA,USA","Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University,Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Boston,MA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084128470","display_name":"Anantha P. Chandrakasan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5977-2748"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anantha P. Chandrakasan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,Cambridge,MA,USA","Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,Cambridge,MA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050442772"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6964,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75945504,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"233","last_page":"236"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7285144329071045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/application-specific-integrated-circuit","display_name":"Application-specific integrated circuit","score":0.6470628380775452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-injection","display_name":"Fault injection","score":0.6339501738548279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6314680576324463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-detection-and-isolation","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","score":0.6156383752822876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.6096594333648682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5408362150192261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5299521684646606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4708920121192932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.4694361686706543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.44368353486061096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.36962610483169556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.19080352783203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.18629243969917297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15881618857383728}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7285144329071045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77390884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217302","display_name":"Application-specific integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.6470628380775452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775928411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2041312","display_name":"Fault injection","level":3,"score":0.6339501738548279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6314680576324463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152745839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438153","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","level":3,"score":0.6156383752822876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.6096594333648682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5408362150192261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5299521684646606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4708920121192932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.4694361686706543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.44368353486061096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.36962610483169556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.19080352783203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.18629243969917297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15881618857383728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/esscirc59616.2023.10268746","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/esscirc59616.2023.10268746","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ESSCIRC 2023- IEEE 49th European Solid State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8199999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309065","display_name":"Analog Devices","ror":"https://ror.org/01545pm61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315144","display_name":"MathWorks","ror":"https://ror.org/01n8qtk87"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998435257","https://openalex.org/W2133383336","https://openalex.org/W2166214530","https://openalex.org/W2893525234","https://openalex.org/W2965565691","https://openalex.org/W3127436526","https://openalex.org/W3132111889","https://openalex.org/W3183847497","https://openalex.org/W3205058537","https://openalex.org/W4221015304","https://openalex.org/W4254435982","https://openalex.org/W4286571762","https://openalex.org/W4287688769","https://openalex.org/W4289744749","https://openalex.org/W4312920563","https://openalex.org/W4313467207","https://openalex.org/W4360606518","https://openalex.org/W6753550916","https://openalex.org/W6781890513","https://openalex.org/W6848946076"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2165367082","https://openalex.org/W2128178765","https://openalex.org/W1972641423","https://openalex.org/W611446063","https://openalex.org/W2604133224","https://openalex.org/W1600695362","https://openalex.org/W2108787918","https://openalex.org/W1967064512","https://openalex.org/W4234532445","https://openalex.org/W2085992264"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Embedded":[0],"neural":[1],"network":[2],"(NN)":[3],"implementations":[4],"are":[5],"susceptible":[6],"to":[7,50,83],"misclassification":[8,52],"under":[9],"fault":[10,68,91],"attacks.":[11],"Injecting":[12],"strong":[13],"electromagnetic":[14],"(EM)":[15],"pulses":[16],"is":[17],"a":[18,90,110],"non-invasive":[19],"yet":[20],"detrimental":[21],"attack":[22,69],"that":[23],"affects":[24],"the":[25,33,40,57,77],"NN":[26,34,41,47,64,118],"operations":[27],"by":[28,39],"(i)":[29],"causing":[30],"faults":[31],"in":[32],"model/inputs":[35],"while":[36],"being":[37],"read":[38],"computation":[42],"unit,":[43],"and":[44,87,116],"(ii)":[45],"corrupting":[46],"computations":[48],"results":[49],"cause":[51],"eventually.":[53],"This":[54],"paper":[55],"presents":[56],"first":[58],"ASIC":[59,96],"demonstration":[60],"of":[61,114],"an":[62],"energy-efficient":[63],"accelerator":[65],"with":[66,109],"inbuilt":[67],"detection.":[70],"We":[71],"incorporated":[72],"lightweight":[73],"cryptography-aided":[74],"checks":[75],"using":[76],"Craft":[78],"cipher":[79],"for":[80,105],"on-chip":[81],"verification":[82],"detect":[84],"model/input":[85],"errors":[86],"also":[88],"as":[89],"detection":[92,101,104],"sensor.":[93],"Our":[94],"developed":[95],"has":[97],"demonstrated":[98],"excellent":[99],"error":[100,107],"capabilities":[102],"(100%":[103],"100k":[106],"attempts)":[108],"minimal":[111],"area":[112],"overhead":[113],"5.9%":[115],"negligible":[117],"accuracy":[119],"degradation.":[120]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-02-27T14:28:36.762950","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}