{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4308089760","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/esscirc55480.2022.9911225","title":"A scalable $64\\times 64$ pixels monolithic HV-CMOS sensor for hadron therapy with 1ns time stamping capability and in-pixel ADC","display_name":"A scalable $64\\times 64$ pixels monolithic HV-CMOS sensor for hadron therapy with 1ns time stamping capability and in-pixel ADC","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4308089760","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/esscirc55480.2022.9911225"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/esscirc55480.2022.9911225","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/esscirc55480.2022.9911225","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608323","display_name":"ESSCIRC 2022- IEEE 48th European Solid State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ESSCIRC 2022- IEEE 48th European Solid State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076468405","display_name":"Nicola Massari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1863-4859"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2277624104","display_name":"Fondazione Bruno Kessler","ror":"https://ror.org/01j33xk10","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2277624104"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nicola Massari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2277624104"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057658459","display_name":"Alessio DAndragora","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2277624104","display_name":"Fondazione Bruno Kessler","ror":"https://ror.org/01j33xk10","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2277624104"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessio DAndragora","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2277624104"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088173332","display_name":"Matteo Perenzoni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8777-1593"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matteo Perenzoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sony Europe semiconductor,Povo,TN,Italy,38123"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sony Europe semiconductor,Povo,TN,Italy,38123","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057914491","display_name":"Andrey Selijak","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3006985408","display_name":"Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05060sz93","country_code":"SI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3006985408"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrey Selijak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jozef Stefan Institute,Ljubljana,Slovenia,1000"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jozef Stefan Institute,Ljubljana,Slovenia,1000","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3006985408"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029865779","display_name":"Carlos Chavez Barajas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos Chavez Barajas","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Liverpool,Physics Dep.,Oxford St,United Kingdom","Physics Dep., University of Liverpool, Oxford St, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Liverpool,Physics Dep.,Oxford St,United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics Dep., University of Liverpool, Oxford St, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111426683","display_name":"A. Taylor","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan Taylor","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Liverpool,Physics Dep.,Oxford St,United Kingdom","Physics Dep., University of Liverpool, Oxford St, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Liverpool,Physics Dep.,Oxford St,United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics Dep., University of Liverpool, Oxford St, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104095154","display_name":"Jon Taylor","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jon Taylor","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Liverpool,Physics Dep.,Oxford St,United Kingdom","Physics Dep., University of Liverpool, Oxford St, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Liverpool,Physics Dep.,Oxford St,United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics Dep., University of Liverpool, Oxford St, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081972725","display_name":"G. Casse","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8516-237X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gianluigi Casse","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Liverpool,Physics Dep.,Oxford St,United Kingdom","Physics Dep., University of Liverpool, Oxford St, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Liverpool,Physics Dep.,Oxford St,United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics Dep., University of Liverpool, Oxford St, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065497895","display_name":"J. Pettingell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3955-9840"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087348","display_name":"National Cancer Centre Japan","ror":"https://ror.org/0025ww868","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087348"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Pettingell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rutherford Cancer Centres,Celtic Springs, Spooner Cl,Newport,United Kingdom","Celtic Springs, Spooner Cl, Rutherford Cancer Centres, Newport, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rutherford Cancer Centres,Celtic Springs, Spooner Cl,Newport,United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087348"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Celtic Springs, Spooner Cl, Rutherford Cancer Centres, Newport, United Kingdom","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012159601","display_name":"Ignacio Di Biase","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087348","display_name":"National Cancer Centre Japan","ror":"https://ror.org/0025ww868","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087348"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ignacio Di Biase","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rutherford Cancer Centres,Celtic Springs, Spooner Cl,Newport,United Kingdom","Celtic Springs, Spooner Cl, Rutherford Cancer Centres, Newport, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rutherford Cancer Centres,Celtic Springs, Spooner Cl,Newport,United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087348"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Celtic Springs, Spooner Cl, Rutherford Cancer Centres, Newport, United Kingdom","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076468405"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2277624104"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5075,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81287425,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"197","last_page":"200"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11044","display_name":"Particle Detector Development and Performance","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11044","display_name":"Particle Detector Development and Performance","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11216","display_name":"Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.7941777110099792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5996474623680115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.492768794298172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.47998377680778503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.47937682271003723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos-sensor","display_name":"CMOS sensor","score":0.44959747791290283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.44606322050094604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-resolution","display_name":"Image resolution","score":0.4313395023345947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.41091442108154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.34233081340789795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3397867679595947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23598536849021912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.23295196890830994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.14320093393325806}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.7941777110099792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5996474623680115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.492768794298172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.47998377680778503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.47937682271003723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210745","display_name":"CMOS sensor","level":3,"score":0.44959747791290283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.44606322050094604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205372480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"Image resolution","level":2,"score":0.4313395023345947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.41091442108154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.34233081340789795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3397867679595947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23598536849021912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.23295196890830994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.14320093393325806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/esscirc55480.2022.9911225","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/esscirc55480.2022.9911225","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608323","display_name":"ESSCIRC 2022- IEEE 48th European Solid State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ESSCIRC 2022- IEEE 48th European Solid State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2054920136","https://openalex.org/W2543450122","https://openalex.org/W2887085435","https://openalex.org/W2981717924","https://openalex.org/W3015625278","https://openalex.org/W3102456800","https://openalex.org/W6785336591"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2043303332","https://openalex.org/W3174284207","https://openalex.org/W2095311321","https://openalex.org/W2534961362","https://openalex.org/W1997764004","https://openalex.org/W1530906264","https://openalex.org/W1555673276","https://openalex.org/W2315523031","https://openalex.org/W2075006262","https://openalex.org/W2383335232"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,75],"this":[1],"paper":[2],"we":[3],"present":[4],"an":[5],"array":[6],"of":[7,28,71,99],"64x64":[8],"pixels,":[9],"designed":[10],"for":[11,41,94],"proton":[12],"beam":[13],"source":[14],"characterization.":[15],"The":[16,46,106],"configurable":[17],"pixel":[18],"allows":[19],"to":[20,64,77],"measure":[21],"the":[22,25,69,85,97,100],"energy":[23],"or":[24,36],"arrival":[26],"time":[27,34,81],"detected":[29],"particles":[30],"in":[31],"a":[32,42,50,55,79,88,119],"short":[33],"window,":[35],"it":[37],"can":[38],"count":[39],"events":[40],"pre-defined":[43],"observation":[44],"time.":[45],"adopted":[47],"solution":[48],"uses":[49],"signal":[51],"gating":[52],"followed":[53],"by":[54],"sample":[56],"and":[57,59,112,117],"hold":[58],"in-pixel":[60],"single":[61],"slope":[62],"ADC":[63],"avoid":[65],"pile-up":[66],"effect":[67],"when":[68],"flux":[70],"protons":[72],"is":[73],"high.":[74],"order":[76],"guarantee":[78],"fine":[80],"resolution":[82,98],"(1ns)":[83],"across":[84],"entire":[86],"array,":[87],"scalable":[89],"architecture":[90],"has":[91,108],"been":[92,109],"conceived":[93],"possible":[95],"extending":[96],"sensor":[101],"with":[102,114],"no":[103],"major":[104],"modifications.":[105],"chip":[107],"electrically":[110],"characterized":[111],"tested":[113],"optical":[115],"stimulus":[116],"using":[118],"beta":[120],"source.":[121]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}